This research aims at proposing an evaluation method for thermal characteristics of a passive house containing phase change materials. Temperature fluctuation and heat flux are assumed to be sinusoidal waves. Heat storage amount is predicted by the latent heat, the thermal conductivity of wall components, temperatures of the inner and outer sides of the wall, and so on. By examination using calculation, it is confirmed that the proposed method enables the prediction of the room temperature fluctuation in a day from outside air temperature and solar radiation data.

This study focuses on window, which have a large impact on environmental simulation, and has developed window model that incorporates the precise geometry information of window and the attribute information on thermal and optical properties required for the calculation of heat load and light environment. This enables designers to carry out environmental simulations and improve the design by addressing the aforementioned issues of information components, and is expected to increase the number of studies for the optimization of openings, particularly in residential buildings.

The origin and changes of attic ventilation regulations in three model building codes and a dwelling code used in the United States prior to the publication of International Residential Code in 2000 were thoroughly investigated. Also, the early research works and official recommendations on house attic ventilation that formed the basis of these regulations were reviewed. Detail of regulations including vent area ratio and the usage of vapor barrier differed from code to code in early stage, but became almost the same after 1990. The present attic ventilation regulation for dwellings in Japan apparently has its ground in FPL/HHFA recommendation in 1950’s.

With the goal of achieving carbon-neutral, Zero Energy Building is drawing attention and the use of radiant air-conditioning systems is on the rise. In this study, the actual condition of the thermal environment formed in the office under the operation of TABS and floor blow air-conditioning system adopted in the nZEB of Kanazawa City was investigated. In addition, thermal sensation questionnaire for office workers was conducted in summer. As a result of the analysis, PMV value by zone and response rate of comfortable side in summer cooling were clearly shown.

This study aimed to gain knowledge that the effect of local-heating of soles on cognitive temperature. As a result, cognitive temperature got warmer under the condition warm radiant exergy is 1.1 to 1.3 W/m², heat conduction exergy of soles is 0.4 to 0.6 W/m². And also, it contributes to the improvement of thermal sensation and thermal comfort. Additionally, cognitive temperature can take into account the impact of heat conduction. In addition, the subjects’ responses were out of alignment with PMV and SET*. Therefore, the need for the thermal environmental evaluation index that takes heat conduction into account was indicated.

This paper discusses the reduction of heat loss from steam pipes in a tunnel of district heating and cooling. In the tunnel constructed in the 1970s, insulation material and support of pipes were improved to reduce heat loss. The effect is confirmed by field measurement and CFD simulation. In the new tunnel completed in 2020, temperature distribution is simulated and radiative heat exchange between hot pipes and cool pipes is examined.

When heat pumps are used to produce hot water, higher efficiency can be expected by taking higher temperature air. In this paper, field measurements and CFD simulation are conducted to study the efficiency of the heat pump installed in the boiler room of district heating and cooling plant. In addition, improvement methods are proposed to prevent short-circuit air of heat pump on the basis of the short-circuit rate calculated by CFD simulation.

Long-wave radiation is one of the most important factors affecting human thermal comfort within urban space. Especially in a severe hot environment, the contribution of long-wave radiation emitted from the hot ground and building walls to the sensible heat received by the human body is large. In the early phase of thermal environment design for buildings or urban spaces, it is required to rapidly estimate the thermal environment corresponding to the various proposal. However, a rapid-estimation method for a long-wave radiation environment has not been established. This study proposes a method for the rapid estimation of the long-wave radiation environment.

Targeting the environment surrounding the road in the university campus, we developed the analytical process to extract the flow path and catchment area using 50 cm resolution DEM (Digital Elevation Model) and to evaluate the rainwater runoff control effect by the cascaded bioswales construction beside the road. The appropriate range of the runoff coefficient and the threshold of cumulative flow were optimized by observing the total runoff. Under the assumption of the rainfall in typhoon 19th in 2019, it is predicted that the total effect will be the runoff reduction with 34.9% to 38.5% of the rainfall.

In this study, we proposed to accumulate indoor environmental information in housing history information, we investigated performance estimation and indoor environmental assessment of existing houses using measured environmental data. The results of the analysis using the measured data confirmed that the energy-saving performance of the current existing house can be simply predicted and estimated from the minimum room temperature of the unheated room during the winter season. In addition, it was confirmed to be effective in promoting insulation retrofitting and understanding the underfloor moisture environment.

This study analyzed LEED Office Projects by utilizing Big Data from USGBC. LEED is based on policies, technologies, and knowledge so that LEED certified building is considered as a high-performance Green Building. But achieving high level certification is quite difficult and not certain even if sustainable design is conducted. To clarify characteristics and tendency of LEED, we analyzed more than 1,200 buildings data which got Platinum and Gold. As a result, we found that Sustainable Site (SS) and Energy & Atmosphere were dominant. To achieve Platinum and Gold certification, SS should be prioritized because it requires earlier decision making.

The amount of elderly housing with support services, first implemented in 2011, has been increasing. Unlike rental fees for general housing, which are highly correlated with roadside land values, rental fees for elderly housing with support services are less correlated with roadside land values. They are, however, affected by various location factors. The purpose of this study is to clarify the diverse location factors, including surrounding rent markets, based on the results of previous studies on rental housing. In addition, factors, including location and rent, considered by the elderly when choosing housing that provides support services will also be examined.

Prototypes and Practical test types were designed and constructed step by step to develop the self-built kit house system “DEL Model” which open the all housing process to the general public. Presenting the system conditions and specification selection indexes for the required performance, comprehensive systematized specifications was presented with a multifaceted analysis conducted for each complex issue in addition to each single specification item.

We conducted a survey on renovated residential units that can be used as SOHO, listed on websites of two real estate companies dealing with old rental apartments in Fukuoka City. We determined the renovation status for each floor plan type based on the trend of construction years and usage status of SO and HO, the classification and characteristics of floor plan type assuming SO use, and comparison of floor plans post and pre-renovation. As a result, we found that most were actually used as SOs, and that the number of rooms, facilities, and finishes tended to be simplified during renovations.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the actual situation of family visits and participation in the end-of-life care of Home-hospices due to the current situation with COVID-19. 1. Standard precautions were thorough a high percentage of home-hospices. 89.2% opened the window more than once an hour for ventilation measures. 2. 78.4% said they would "secure the last time for the person and the family no matter how the infection is prevalent". There was no Home-hospices who chose "When the infection is prevalent even a little, family participations in the end-of-life care are not allowed".

In facilities implementing North-American emergency department, various rooms are concentrated around emergency department. We examined staff satisfaction with sizes of and distances between rooms in emergency department, from floor-plan analyses and interview with 13 doctors and 12 nurses were conducted at 13 facilities. The results clarified the following: When designing, sufficient space for passages surrounding the resuscitation room is preferred. Close proximity of the waiting area and examination room, and of the resuscitation room and the examination, X-ray, and CT rooms is preferred.

This study aims to clarify the issues regarding relocation and rebuilding by organizing the operation and environmental changes before and after relocation and rebuilding at after school childcare facility in Nagoya City. The results determined that it is difficult to secure a building that can be used for a long duration, problems differ depending on the building form before and after the relocation and rebuilding, and the rest room, storage, and exterior improvement are insufficient.

This paper discusses the planning of libraries according to stages of development of the library use. We took questionnaire survey for 15 libraries at Ama town, Shimane prefecture. Ama town, where is one of four islands in Okinoshima, works “design with the whole island as the library” since 2007, and there are a central library and 14 branches. Approximately 70% of libraries users are new residents, who moved away from the island since 2008. New residents use different libraries not only as the place to read or borrow books, but also as the place to carry out various substantial activities.

The purpose of this paper is to propose a tool to verify the results of workshops and to make consensus by citizens. Analyze of the citizens’ comments of the workshop of the public facility from the viewpoints of characters, images of space, rules and consciousness proved importance of variety, multi-purpose, flexibility and of citizens’ interest in participation. Based on these results, the proposal of verify-sheet is framed. The requirements of the public facility are systematized from the point of building condition and citizens’ behavior, and judgment point for citizens are added. Participation of professionals is necessary for this process.

In recent years government buildings have become more sophisticated from the viewpoints of responding to diverse services provided to residents and consolidating urban functions. The development of bulletin-board spaces and its operation have become important as a means of communicating information in an easy-to-understand manner. In this paper, we report the results of a survey conducted on the actual condition of the usage of spaces as means of information transmission before and after the construction of government buildings to be merged or abolished, focusing on the Kiso Town Hall as a case study.

This study identified regional types of the expected use of long-term care services in Japan. In addition, the expected use and supply of facilities were compiled, and the level of achievement was assessed by comparison with the 2025 Reform targets. The 2021-2023 long-term care service plans were nationally collected. As a result, in metropolitan areas, regions with the largest average rate of home-visit users accounted for about 80%, whilst those of day-care users accounted for more than 50% in local cities and depopulated areas. The 2025 estimates show that the facilities will be curtailed compared to the 2025 Reform targets.

This study classifies municipalities according to the demography of the population aged 75 and over, and identifies the years in which the population aged 75 and over peaks in each municipality. We classified the population dynamics of the 75 years old and over in municipalities into ten types and showed them on a national map. We found that 14.45% of the target municipalities have already reached their peak, and that 40.31% of them will reach their peaks in 2030. This means that around 2030 is the period of maximum demand for senior care facilities in Japan.

As a result of the changes in where people work due to the impact of COVID-19 pandemic, co-working spaces are also undergoing changes. To capture changes in the operation of co-working space facilities and describe current needs, challenges and prospects, a survey on operations was conducted among co-working space operators and compared with the 2019 survey. Compared to 2019, the results show that the total number of co-working spaces has increased, but that there is an increased emphasis on individual use, while a higher proportion of facilities that focus on interaction are updating their facilities.

This paper reported on the design of skyscrapers in the “Conservation Integrated Redevelopment Plan” for preserving previously unreported historic buildings and constructing skyscrapers. In particular, we focused on the façade design of the skyscraper, which greatly impacts the cityscape, and reported the design process and planning intention from the initial plan to the realization plan. In the case of the Mitsui Main Building block redevelopment plan, the Design Architect tried to study the layout and composition and the façade design of the tower part. This paper summarized the surveys, judgment factors, and responses conducted for that purpose.

Conventional indicators using crowd density and pedestrian speeds can’t evaluate the walking condition of each pedestrian. This study aims to analyze the walking acceleration and elucidate the relationship between them and the ease of walking. For this research, mingling flow reproduction tests were carried out inside a motion-capture facility. Then, a new graphic representation was created to visualize walking acceleration. Furthermore, we conducted an analysis of ease of walking based on walking acceleration. The results suggest that ease of walking can be evaluated based on the transition status of walking acceleration.

This paper reports on the actual operation and use of the Group Schole, which is active mainly in Senboku New Town. It also aims to examine the meaning of the activities, focusing on changes in residential awareness as a result of the activities. This study presents 1) Key points in the operation of an autonomous organization, and 2) The effects and possibilities of the activities to open houses to each other as an autonomous organization.

This study focuses on the development of complex libraries to advance knowledge for use in city center revitalization based on the relationship between location characteristics and utilization. First, we conducted a questionnaire survey of 78 complex libraries established between 2008 and 2017. Second, we analyzed the development trends of the libraries and considered their impact on library utilization. Finally, we analyzed the relationship between planning document post-evaluation and utilization and examined methods to promote the revitalization of city centers in the future development of complex libraries.

Decarbonization became one of the important issues for tackling global warming in Japan. Both housing and transport sectors should reduce energy consumptions particularly in existing residential areas cooperation between them. However, national policies only indicate sector-specific initiatives, and it is not clear how to develop coordinated measures in both sectors. This study examines the environmental performance of each sector and the effectiveness of the project by introducing environmental measures using EV, energy conservation and renewable energy, to decarbonize in existing residential areas. As a result, introduction of coordinated measures is effective in terms of environmental and business feasibility.

The purpose of this study is to obtain suggestions regarding the development method of residential education classes in areas with local resources, and to show the educational effectiveness of the classes using local resources. As a result, we obtained five suggestions for the establishment, continuation, and dissemination of them, including the need for a clear class concept and a facilitator with a clear meaning of implementation. Moreover, the degree of achievement of the subject objectives and that of development of citizenship was good, and we concluded a derivation from “housing education” to “community development education” can be expected.

In this report, it is surveyed and recorded that the situations of upward vista of Mt. Inasa and its mountain range at each street corner in the downtown district of Nagasaki. Then it is analyzed that the view characteristic from each viewpoint to make them the basic data for developing further landscape planning of Nagasaki city. Additionally, it is considered that the possibility of activation method of these viewpoints to create citizen’s walkable activity as well as developing residents’ civic pride of Nagasaki city.

This study is aim to clarify the remaining condition and renovation of semi-detached house in Hakodate city, Hokkaido. The results are as follows; 1) We extracted 143 buildings as semi-detached house. 2)Among those we extracted representative 19 types by design characteristic of semi-detached house. 3)112 buildings has changed from the symmetrical appearance at the time it was built. 4)In the case of the owners of the building are different on the left and right, there was a tendency for the appearance of buildings to differ between the left and right.

For improving the townscape in the historical areas, roads are also important factors. Nagano city has realized the creation of landscape road projects from 2003 to 2021 in the area of Zenkoji temple. This paper has explored how to decide the road design for the historical area through documentary surveys and interview surveys. Through the eight landscape road projects, flagstone pavement was employed as a design code in the area of Zenkoji temple. Furthermore, in each feature which has traffic volume or tourist volume, the structure and design in the roads are different.

While some historical sites have social value as tourism resources, for many historical sites, one of their social values is to serve as a stronghold for residents. When residents participate in various activities at historical sites and share the sense of accomplishment that comes from receiving high praise from society, such as an increase in the number of visitors or coverage in the mass media, they become attached to the site, which leads to the continuation of the activities and preservation of the site.

By analyzing journal articles reporting Architectural-disputes caused by project interruptions, four tendencies of the liability types were founded. 1.The Designer and Disposal agency type caused by the site and the road continues since 2008. 2.The Designer, Supervisor, and Constructor type caused by the building structure limited only 2011. 3.The Designer and Municipality type caused by the change in external environment continues since 2010. 4.The Designer and Client type caused by the legal procedure lasted until 2017.

More than 90% of wooden frame houses are made up of components processed by pre-cutting. The drawings for pre-cutting are prepared by the designers of structural design offices and pre-cutting factories. In this study, interviews, drawing surveys, and questionnaires were conducted in order to understand the tendency of the joint arrangement of horizontal members of the framing designers. As a result of the survey, it was found that there were some cases where joints had to be placed at these locations, although they were designed not to be placed at push up part of the brace or inside the angle-tie.

This report presents the results of a survey of the Ohta Residence, designed by Isoya Yoshida and completed in Mejiro, Tokyo in 1954. The Ota Residence was demolished in February 2022, but the survey was conducted just prior to the demolition to reveal details, including the interior construction of the walls and ceilings. In the course of the survey, several drawings were also discovered.

This study focused on the explanations of “Gangi” and “Komise” described in “Kyojū-syūzoku-goi”, and considered the origin of Gangi. 1. Gangi refers to the part that is slightly higher than the flat ground. In the farmhouse remains found in the Uonuma area from Nagaoka, unlike other areas, the Gangi is on the base of the main building, and so there is a step between Gangi and the ground. So Gangi is possible that it originated from the farmhouse’s Gangi. 2. Komise originated from commercial relationship such as regular markets and was used as a part of the store space.

This article examines the prices of architectural sheet glass published in “THE JAPAN TIMES” from the end of the early modern period to the early modern period. The following points become clear. “THE JAPAN TIMES” made it possible to know the value of one box of architectural sheet glass from 1865 to 1869. Adjusting these values for exchange rates and price coefficients, 10.45 ryo per box in 1865 and 5.64 ryo in 1869.

This report presents the role of manuals of architectural design systems (the Kiwari-systems) that were written at the early part of the 17th century. Those old records were handed down to the recent years by the KOBAYASHIS who were inaugurated as the DAIKU-TORYO that was the post for the authorized carpenters in SHONAI-HAN. Their descriptions are about the architectural techniques to all kinds of architectures and the architectural formalities, so they are important to study Japanese Middle Ages architectures. Among those architectural techniques, this report presents especially the Kiwari-systems of the three-storied pagoda.

This study aims to examine the characteristic of design plans and the process of making “the reference designs of farm houses”, Kanagawa agriculture association asked Kon Wajiro and Oya Nobuo, published in1925. Out of the 16 plans appeared, the 4plans are the smallest planned by Kon and Oya, the 6 are the new for the earthquake recovery conceived by Kon who experienced exploration of farm houses and the member of the lifestyle improvement association. The rest 6 are for the private houses in the disaster area. They can be identified by the documents of Kougakuin University Library.

The Asahi Shimbun Photo Archives have several images of the 12^th Tokyo Olympic Games that were scheduled to be held in 1940. Among these images are several perspective drawings that had previously remained undisclosed, such as the tennis court, martial arts stadium, the outdoor swimming pool, and the Kishi Memorial Gymnasium. In this report, we clarify the architectural features of the facilities of these Games by rearranging the photo archives in line with newspaper reports on the Games. We also analyze the development process of Japanese modern architecture during the war, which previous research has failed to address.

The influence of American magazines is one of the factors behind the global rise of Japanese architecture’s reputation after World War II. In this report, we examine various letters exchanged between American magazine editors and architect Kenzo Tange, from the 1950s through to the early 1960s. This analysis examines the process by which Tange’s works were published in magazines, along with how his interactions with American magazine editors affected his overseas activities and broader international reputation. Time, Architectural Forum, and Architectural Record are the magazines covered in this report.

This paper summarizes the development process of the organizational framework of the architectural bureau in Korea under Japanese rule. Particular attention is paid to the expansion of the organization through the revision of the government system. In addition, the paper introduces the draft of the government system contained in the Megata documents, and confirms that the draft by the Japanese was implemented almost faithfully. It should be noted that the official capacity and the actual number of enrollments didn’t necessarily coincide, and it was confirmed that the number of employees was much higher than the capacity after 1908 or 1909.

There are still remain that many buildings which have constructed by the former Japanese Imperial Navy in Kure city, Hiroshima and they are now used by Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force or some private enterprises. However, most of them have not been investigated enough, and construction history and/or structural details of the buildings are unknown still now. The purpose of this study is to clarify construction date and structural characteristics of the office buildings of machinery and shipping department in the former Kure naval arsenal.

This research shows the actual condition and issues of curators specializing in architecture & handling materials related to architecture and urban space in museum through analysis of a list covering nationwide museums and questionnaires to municipal museums in Tokyo, Saitama, Chiba and Kanagawa. In particular, we showed the current situation that curators in another field are in charge of outreach activities outside the museum and cultural property preservation work in addition to the usual work inside the museum, and the necessity of curators specializing in architecture & the possibility of multi-stage cooperation of architectural experts.

There is a growing demand for technology to measure human behavior. To measure it with greater accuracy, we need to measure micro and macro behavioral characteristics at the same time. This system uses a pose estimation library called OpenPose based on the obtained joint information. We build a real-time system to measure the number of people and their walking trajectories through IoT cameras.

This study was a self-build project of the tea house that selected as the first prize of competition held by the faculty and reunion of graduates. The theme of the competition was thinned timber, the material produced in Osaka prefecture, where Kindai University situate. The study was a collaboration between local Industry and University.

This study was a self-build project of the tea house that selected as the first prize of competition held by the faculty and reunion of graduates. The theme of the competition was recycled cardboard, the material produced in Kashiwara City, the neighbor city of Higashi Osaka City where Kindai university situate. The study was a collaboration between local industry and University.

As a first aid for the flooded houses, drying was performed by using a blower to ventilate the underfloor and agitate the underfloor air. Afterward, the effectiveness of the blower was examined by measuring the effective ventilation rate and water content. The temperature and humidity, the concentration of suspended fungi, the number of attached fungi, and the concentration of dust were measured to investigate the underfloor environment. As a result, it was suggested that the use of a blower for first aid was effective and could inhibit the increase in mold.

Literature survey on damage due to the 1899 Kii-Yamato earthquake was carried out continuing to the previous paper of the 1936 Kawachi-Yamato event. This earthquake had rather deep focal depth as 50km and caused moderate damage in wide areas of Kinki district. Detailed damage was picked up from the reports and newspaper articles at that time. These data were sorted by municipalities in table and mapped. Heavy building damage was limited in focal area but damage to brick masonry factory buildings including chimneys is dominated in Osaka. In mountainous areas landslides and rockfalls occurred and caused casualties.