Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica
Online ISSN : 1881-1736
Print ISSN : 0030-154X
ISSN-L : 0030-154X
Volume 40, Issue 2
Displaying 1-3 of 3 articles from this issue
  • Masaharu Tashiro, Shooichi Sugiyama
    1964 Volume 40 Issue 2 Pages 131-159
    Published: 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The follicle cells of the thyroid gland of the dog were studied by electron microscopy, in combination with the effects of treatment with thyroid stimulating hormone, and the following results were obtained.
    1. The follicle cells have a considerable number of microvilli extending from their apices into the colloid and rarely a central flagellum. 2. Just below the apical plasma membrane, the superficial cytoplasmic zone is found, free of secretory granules, mitochondria and rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, and contain more or less numerous small membrane-bound vesicles. The vesicles remain in question whether they take their origin from pinocytosis or others. 3. The rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum is abundant, especially in the basal half of the cell body, usually dilated and contain a substance resembling follicle colloid. The ribonucleoprotein particles are well-formed especially in the part in close contact with the mitochondria, while they are absent or sparsely distributed in the part in contact with the Golgi complex. 4. The Golgi complex lies in the supranuclear zone and consists of several paired membranes arranged in layers, a considerable number of small vesicles and a number of vacuoles. Some of the small vesicles resemble small secretory granules and suggest transitions to the latter. 5. Secretory granules are different in size and density, and move from the Golgi zone towards the apical zone. Some are directed towards the basal plasma membrane. Their further fate can not be followed. 6. The mitochondria show oval to rod-shaped profiles and are abundant, especially in the basal half of the cell body. The mitochondria show a close topographic relation to the rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and are often corn-. pletely enclosed by the latter. They contain well-formed cristae mitochondriales which are arranged perpendicularly to their long axis. 7. The nuclei show no special characteristics. 8. Treatment with thyroid stimulating hormone induces tremendous dilation of the rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and increase of secretory granules, but no significant change in other organelles. 9. No relation between the process of colloid resorption and the organelles could be established morphologically. 10. The significances of the different organelles were discussed in relation to secretion and release.
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  • Ryohei Honjin, Yoshiaki Tasaki, Toshiki Kosaka, Ikuo Takano
    1964 Volume 40 Issue 2 Pages 161-171
    Published: 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper described the fine structure of centrioles in the normal astrocytes of the optic nerve of frogs and in reactive astrocytes during Wallerian degeneration following the removal of the eye ball. The materials were fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, embedded in Araldite or styrene-methacrylate, sectioned with glass knives and stained with potassium permanganate or sodium hydroplumbite. The results obtained were as follows:
    Two centrioles are present in the cytoplasm adjacent to the nucleus. Each of them is a hollow cylinder about 170 mμin diameter and 380 mμ in length. The wall of a centriole usually consists of a set of 9 outer fibers; each of the outer fibers is composed of two or three tubular subfibers which appear as doublets or triplets. The subfiber is approximately 15 mμ in diameter and is composed of an electron-dense, thin wall and a less-dense lucid core. The adjacent subfibers of an outer fiber are quite intimately associated with each other on one side. They are all inclined in the same direction at an angle of about 30° to 45° to the circumference of the centriole, thus having a spiral or pinwheel appearance in transverse section. Connecting lines between subfibers in adjacent triplets are seen. Usually the lumen of the centriole appears lucid. It, however, often contains such elaborate central structures as a cart-wheel like structure or a central fiber. The central fiber is usually composed of two subfibers. During Wallerian degeneration, the centrioles of the reactive astrocytes show some changes in their fine structure. Some of them appear shorter in length. The appearance of a satellite, decrease in the number of the outer fiber, decrease of the subfibers in the central fiber and the accumulation of an electron-dense, amorphous substance around the centrioles are observed. In both normal and reactive astrocytes, there are often found rudimentary cilia.
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  • Minoru Midsukami
    1964 Volume 40 Issue 2 Pages 173-185
    Published: 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The fine structures of c ertain cells found in the peripheral region of the cardiac muscle fiber of two kinds of marine crabs.Chionoecetes opilio and Charybdis japoniza, have been, examined in detail, and these cells have been proved to be identical with th e satellite cells described in vertebrate skeletal muscle fiber. The 180 M. Midsukami following features have been o bserved.
    1. The striking paucity o f cytoplasm relative to its nucleus causes the cell to assume the shape of the nucleus.
    2. The satellite cell is wedged between the plasma membrane and the basement membrane of the muscle fiber. The surface of the muscle fiber is not distorted outward, but instead this cell protrudes inward pushing aside the components of cardiac muscle cell.
    3. On the outside surface of this cell, for most of its cour s e, the plasma membrane lies just beneath the basement membrane of the sarcolemma, where it is not reflexed into the cytoplasm. On the inside surface, some desmosomal structures are occasionally seen between the plasma membrane of the satellite cell and that of the cardiac muscle cell.
    4. Numerous particles, a few small mitochondria and some vesicles are seen in this cell.
    5. Of greater interest is the evidence that the cells are identical in morphology with the undifferentiated pericytes surrounding blood vessels.
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