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Volume 86 (2009)
- Issue 4 Pages 111-
- Issue 3 Pages 73-
- Issue 2 Pages 37-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
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Volume 86, Issue 4
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Shoichi EMURA, Toshihiko OKUMURA, Huayue CHEN2010 Volume 86 Issue 4 Pages 111-115
Published: 2010
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe dorsal lingual surfaces of adult Blue-and-White Flycatcher, Hawfinch, and Japanese White-eye were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The tongue of the Blue-and-White Flycatcher shows a conical shape and a median groove is observed on the anterior lingual apex. The tongue of the Hawfinch shows a cuspid-like shape and a median groove and separation of the lingual apex are not observed. Many processes are observed in the tip of the tongue of the Japanese White-eye. Results of morphological studies indicate a close correlation between the shape of the tongue and the method of food intake, type of food, and bird’s habitat.View full abstractDownload PDF (2775K) -
Shoichi EMURA, Toshihiko OKUMURA, Huayue CHEN2010 Volume 86 Issue 4 Pages 117-120
Published: 2010
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe dorsal lingual surfaces of adult Jungle Nightjar (Caprimulgus indicus) were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Macroscopically, the tongue of the Jungle Nightjar had a spearhead-like shape. Three parts were distinguished in the dorsal surface of the tongue: the apex, body, and root of the tongue. The tip of the tongue was round shape and a median groove is not observed. The dorsal surface of the lingual apex presented a smooth aspect and desquamation of the epithelial cells was observed on the surface of the lingual apex. Small and large conical papillae were observed on the lateral side of the lingual body. There were the giant conical papillae on the lateral side of the lingual body. The conical papillae of the lingual body were inclined toward the posterior of the tongue on the posterior end. Some openings of the lingual glands existed in the lingual root.View full abstractDownload PDF (1883K) -
Akira IIMURA, Takeshi OGUCHI, Yoshikazu YAMAZAKI, Masato MATSUO, Shuan ...2010 Volume 86 Issue 4 Pages 121-128
Published: 2010
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn anomalous artery directly connecting the common carotid artery and internal carotid artery was discovered on the right side in the cadaver of an 83-year-old Japanese female, and the facial artery, maxillary artery, and superficial temporal artery arose from the common carotid artery by a common trunk. The anomalous artery arose from the posterior aspect of the common carotid artery at the level of the origin of the superior thyroid artery, and joined the posterior aspect of the internal carotid artery. The anomalous artery was covered by the connective tissue surrounding the common carotid artery and the internal carotid artery. The anomalous anastomosis, especially the proximal portion, may have arisen from the second branchial arch artery during development.View full abstractDownload PDF (2562K) -
Xiao Bo ZHU, Tat Wei TAY, Bibin Bintang ANDRIANA, Mohammad Shah ALAM, ...2010 Volume 86 Issue 4 Pages 129-136
Published: 2010
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDi-iso-butyl phthalate (DiBP), a special plasticizer, is used as a substitute for di(n-butyl) phthalate(DBP). The effects of DiBP on testes in prepubertal rodents still remain to be obscure. Testicular toxicity of DiBP was investigated in 21-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats and C57BL/6N mice, using with in situ TUNEL method. For an acute exposure experiment, animals were once given DiBP at various concentrations by oral gavage. For a subchronic exposure experiment, they were daily given DiBP at various concentrations for consecutive 7 days. Controls were treated with corn oil under the same condition. For a recovery experiment, rats were once given DiBP (1000 mg/kg), and were sacrificed at day 1 to 8 after administration. Furthermore, the disorder of vimentin filaments in Sertoli cells after daily administration of DiBP (500 mg/kg) for consecutive 7 days in rats also identified by immunohistochemistry using anti-vimentin antibody. As a result, the present study demonstrated that DiBP can induce testicular atrophy in rats due to the increase of TUNEL-positive spermatogenic cells in both acute and subchronic exposure experiments. At the same time, the disorder of vimentin filaments in Sertoli cells was recognized. However, no such damages could be found in mouse testis. For the recovery experiment, the testis weight and testicular morphology returned to normal at day 6 after administration. In conclusion, the present study indicates that DiBP causes the significant increase of TUNEL-positive spermatogenic cells and the disorder of vimentin filaments in Sertoli cells in rats and that DiBP shows a species-specific toxicity.View full abstractDownload PDF (2914K) -
Ryuji UENO, Akira IIMURA, Shunji YOSHIDA, Kenji KONDO, Iwao SATO, Maci ...2010 Volume 86 Issue 4 Pages 137-141
Published: 2010
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCrown dimensions of the maxillary molars were measured in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). There were no significant differences in crown diameters between the first and second molars, however the fourth molars were reduced in all crown diameters. The third molar was smaller than the first or second molars in buccolingual crown diameters but there were no significant differences in mesiodistal crown diameters. It is proposed that the similar shapes of the first and second molars are associated with similar types of masticatory activity involving these teeth, The shape of the third molar, which is reduced in size buccolingually, may be linked to the koala’s occlusal function which is characterized by a condylar action that leads to differences in movement between opposing anterior and posterior molar teeth during the occlusal stroke. The fourth molar, the smallest of the molar teeth in crown diameter, erupts significantly later than the other molars, and its reduction may be explained by the terminal and distal reduction theories. It is proposed that the pattern of molar morphology in the koala is associated with both masticatory activity linked to its characteristic occlusal function, as well as reflecting the sequence of tooth emergence.View full abstractDownload PDF (885K) -
Noriko KANEKO, Rieko ASAUMI, Masatoshi ADACHI2010 Volume 86 Issue 4 Pages 143-151
Published: 2010
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe condylar process is the most common site of mandibular fracture; however, the biomechanics of this site are not well understood. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a marker for vasculogenesis and the formation of bone. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is also a biochemical marker of bone formation. To better understand the biomechanics of the condylar process, we examined the structure of the heads and necks of human mandibles from 35 male cadavers aged 25 to 90 years (mean, 61.5 years) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). In addition, we used immunohistochemistry to assess the expression of the vascular markers VEGF and CD31 as well as the bone formation marker ALP. Significant differences were observed in the thickness of the posterolateral region of the cortical bone in the head of the mandible (p < 0.05) as well as in the medial (p < 0.001) and posterior (p < 0.01) regions of the neck of the mandible. VEGF accumulated more in deformed heads than in heads with oval-shaped structures. ALP was found in numerous small cavities of cortical bone in oval-shaped heads. These differences may be related to dislocation caused by muscle tension or the occlusion of temporomandibular joint movement.View full abstractDownload PDF (8270K)
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