Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica
Online ISSN : 1881-1736
Print ISSN : 0030-154X
ISSN-L : 0030-154X
Volume 88, Issue 2
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
CONTENTS
  • Hidefumi NISHIMORI, Shogo HAYASHI, Munekazu NAITO, Gen MURAKAMI, Masah ...
    2011 Volume 88 Issue 2 Pages 43-47
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Purpose: to clarify the configuration of the esophageal mucosal lymphatics distant from cancer using D2-40 immunohistochemistry.
    Methods: D2-40 immunohistochemistry for human lymphatic epithelium was performed at sites about 10 cm anal from the pathologically examined margin of upper or mid-thoracic squamous cell carcinoma (27 patients). we measured the entire length of mucosal lymphatic vessels within a ×10 objective field (1.2 mm along the muscularis mucosae).
    results: the present morphometrical study demonstrated significant individual differences in the amount of mucosal lymphatic vessels, within a range of more than 10-fold (8.4 mm-0.8 mm within an objective field). However, the difference in length of the mucosal lymphatic epithelium did not correlate with either N-factor, t-factor including cancer depth or prognosis.
    Conclusion: a higher density of pre-existing mucosal lymphatic vessels may not always be correlated with larger numbers of nodal metastases. Lymphatic proliferation or dilation induced by cancer seems to occur irrespective of whether pre-existing vessels are rich or sparse.
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  • Keiichi KENZAKI, Kohzo TSUCHIKAWA, Toru KUWAHARA
    2011 Volume 88 Issue 2 Pages 49-55
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The present chronological investigation assessed the distribution of type II collagen expression in the developing mouse mandibular condyle using immunohistochemical staining with respect to the anatomy of the anlage of the mandibular condyle, the histological characteristics of which were disclosed in our previous investigation. we analyzed fetuses, obtained by cross breeding of Icr strain mice, between 14.0 and 19.0 days post-conception (dpc) and pups on 1, 3, and 5 days post-natal (dpn) using immunohistochemical staining with 2 anti-type II collagen antibodies. The expression of type II collagen was first detected at 15.0 dpc in the lower part of the hypertrophic chondrocyte zone; thereafter, this type II collagen-positive layer was expanded and intensified (P1 layer).At 17.0 dpc, we identified a type II collagen-negative layer(n layer) around the P1 layerand we also identified another newly formed type II collagen-positive layer (P2 layer) on the outer surface of the n layer. The most typical and conspicuous 3-layered distribution was observed at 1 dpn; thereafter, there was a reduction in the intensity of expression, and with it, the demarcation between the layers was weakened by 5 dpn. The P1 layer was derived from the central region of the core cell aggregate of the anlage of the mandibular condyle and participated in endochondral bone formation. The n layer was derived from the fringe of the core cell aggregate of the anlage, formed the bone collar at the side of the condyle by intramembranous bone formation, and showed a high level of proliferative activity at the vault. The P2 layer was formed from the outgrowth of the n layer, and could be considered as the secondary cartilage. The intensive expression of type II collagen from 17.0 dpc to 3 dpn was detected in the fibrous sheath covering the condylar head, which is derived from the peripheral cell aggregate of the anlage. since its expression in the fibrous sheath was not detected in the neighboring section in the absence of hyaluronidase digestion, some changes in the extracellular matrix of the fibrous sheath appear to participate in the generation of the lower joint space. The results of the present investigation indicate that further studies are required to fully characterize the development of the mouse mandibular condyle.
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  • Jun YAN, Hitomi AKUTSU, Yoichi SATOH
    2011 Volume 88 Issue 2 Pages 57-64
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The histological morphology of oviduct epithelia have been described well, however, the expression pattern of the gap junction proteins in the cells, and the function related with the proteins, such as [Ca2+]i dynamics pattern of living oviduct epithelia at different ages have not been clarified. We used immunohistochemistry to compare the expression pattern of gap junction proteins in the cells of the young and adult groups. Moreover, we used real-time confocal microscopy to observe the spontaneous Ca2+ oscillation (spontaneous fluctuation) in freshly isolated epithelia (ciliated cells) in ampulla potion of oviduct from the two groups. The results show as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry the gap junction proteins (Cx26, Cx32 and Cx43) formed a well-regulated expression in the young animals, but not in the adult animals. In addition, the [Ca2+]i dynamics of ciliated cells in freshly oviduct epithelia have a spontaneous fluctuation pattern that occurs without any stimulation in the young animals, but this pattern was not observed in the adult animals. In conclusions, our findings suggest that gap junctions regulate the spontaneous fluctuation of [Ca2+]i dynamics in ciliated cells of oviduct epithelia in young animals.
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  • Kurito YASUDA, Mamoru UEMURA, Fumihiko SUWA
    2011 Volume 88 Issue 2 Pages 65-74
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We studied morphological changes at the maxillary first molar in a model rat for type 2 spontaneous diabetes mellitus (DM), the Goto-Kazizaki (GK) rat, vs. the normal 8-week-old Wistar rat. Serial frontal sections of the gingiva of the maxilla with the bone were prepared from the rats. Image analyses, performed on light micrographs of the hematoxylin-eosin stained specimens, allowed comparison of the thickness of the keratinized, granular, prickle, and basal layers. In addition, the cell population of the granular and prickle layers and the cross-sectional area of the connective tissue beneath the mucosal epithelium were examined. The thickness of the capillary of the maxillary first molar was determined by image analysis of scanning electron micrographs of microvascular corrosion cast specimens. We found that the thickness of the keratinized, granular, and prickle layers was significantly higher in the DM vs. normal group, as were the cell population of the granular and prickle layers. In contrast, the cross-sectional area of the connective tissue beneath the mucosal epithelium, and the thickness of the capillary were significantly lower in the DM vs. normal sections. Therefore, we consider that the DM-associated hyperglycemia causes hypertrophy of the mucosal epithelium, atrophy of the connective tissue beneath the mucosal epithelium, and micro-angiopathy of the capillary of the palatal gingiva of the maxillary first molar in the GK rat.
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  • Kenzo NOGUCHI, Yoko MIWA, Masataka SUNOHARA, Iwao SATO
    2011 Volume 88 Issue 2 Pages 75-83
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEgF) is a key regulator of blood vessel endothelium. tissue levels of this angiogenesis marker are unknown in human gingival tissue, as is the correlation between vascular growth factors and hypoxia-inducible factor. we examined the expression of VEgF, type III tyrosine kinase receptors (VEgF-r2), platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (cD31) and hypoxia-inducible factor (hIF) mrNA from human gingival tissue of the oral cavity. tissue samples were from a small quantity of gingival sample biopsy with gingival sulcular depth (gSD) < 2 mm (group 1), 2 to 4 mm (group 2), and > 4 mm (group 3). we found that the levels of VEgF-r2, cD31 and hIF mrNA were higher in the gingival tissue of group 2 than that of group 1, and VEgF in the group 3 was also higher than that of group 1. the different mrNA levels of these markers may reflect the mrNA levels reflect the vasculature state of gingival tissue based on gSD. VEgF-r2 and hIF also indicate the presence of an elongated blood vessel in the gingival tissue. In the early stage of angiogenesis, VEgF-r2 leads to expression of VEgF, and hIF-1 mediates increased VEgF expression in response to hypoxia in swollen tissues or during the expansion of periodontal tissues, which is useful in the early diagnosis of periodontal diseases.
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