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Volume 26 (1954)
- Issue 5-6 Pages 309-
- Issue 4 Pages 221-
- Issue 3 Pages 131-
- Issue 1-2 Pages 1-
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Volume 26, Issue 5-6
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Korenobu Karasawa1954 Volume 26 Issue 5-6 Pages 309-325
Published: 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn adult rabbits, chief lymphoid organs such as the mesenterial lymph nodes, vermiform appendix and spleen, as well as other several small lymph nodes, were removed. The total weight of the removed lymphoid organs amounted to approximately 80 per cent of that of the entire lymphoid organs. In the rabbit the mesenterial lymph nodes unite in a large mass called pancreas Aselli, the weight of which is about one and a half of the sum of all the other lymph nodes.
Simultaneous extirpation of the chief lymphoid organs mentioned above and other several small lymph nodes resulted in a marked drop of the number of the blood lymphocytes, down to 30 to 40 per cent of the pre-operative values, and such a pronounced lymphopenia persisted for several weeks. No other remarkable alterations were observed in the blood picture, except for a post-operative non-specific granulocytosis which subsided rapidly. The continuity of the lymphatic pathway interrupted by the removal of the mesenterial nodes has been rapidly re-established.
Removal of the mesenterial mass of lymph nodes alone was responsible for a marked fall of the blood lymphocyte counts, so long as this mass was well developed and its weight greater than 1/2000 of the body weight. But when the relative weight of this mass was below this level, the removal of this mass was followed by little or on reduction of the blood lymphocytes.
Appendectomy combined with splenectomy alone caused no significant drop-of the blood lymphocyte counts. However, when the mesenterial mass of nodes was too small in size to induce a perceptible lymphopenia after its removal, the subsequent extirpation of the vermi- form appendix and spleen on the 7th day produced a remarkable reduction of the blood lymphocytes.
These findings indicate that, in the adult rabbit, the mesenterial mass of lymph nodes represents the chief source of the blood lymphocytes together with the vermiform appendix and spleen, the latter two organs being auxiliary to the former one.View full abstractDownload PDF (541K) -
Chikataro Togari, Toshiaki Okada1954 Volume 26 Issue 5-6 Pages 327-333_1
Published: 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The epithelium of the gallbladder of Triturus pyrrhogaster consists of a single layer of high columnar cells which measure 15 to 24μ in height and 2.5 to 8.0μ in width.
2. The free surfaces of the epithelial cells are provided with terminal bars, but they lack a cuticular border.
3. The epithelial cells usually contain a long elliptic or ovoid nucleus which is situated centrally or somewhat basalward. The nucleus has irregular folds or incisions on the membrane. The nucleus has several prominent nucleoli and a number of chromatin dots. The nucleus sometimes undergoes condensation.
4. Among the epithelial cells mitoses always occur in considerable number. The degenerative figures of the nuclei are also seen frequently.
5. The mitochondria of the epithelial cells are generally granular in shape, and are accumulated between the nucleus and the free surface of the cell. They appear occasionally as rods or rarely as filaments, arranged vertically at the middle portion of the cell.
6. The Golgi apparatus of the epithelial cells shows an irregular network of fibrils. It is generally located in the supranuclear part, and sometimes covers the nucleus.
7. The epithelial cells contain glycogen which is fairly abundant in the basal part of the cell.
8. Lipoids appear in both the apical and basal parts of the cell. Besides, these substances are also found among the cells just beneath the epithelium and further in the lamina propria.
9. The epithelial cells secrete mucus-like substances which are stained with neither Mayer's mucicarmine nor Best's carmine. These secretes are formed in the G ol g i zone near the free surface of the cell. They first appear as secretory granules, and become gradually increased in size, later, they accumulate under the free surface of the cell. The secretes are finally discharged from the enlarged free surface of the cell in the form of a large droplet.
10. The goblet-like cells are interspersed among the epithelial cells, although typical goblet cells do not occur. It seems probable that these cells finally die and undergo ‘holocrine secretion’.View full abstractDownload PDF (404K) -
Kinziro Kubota1954 Volume 26 Issue 5-6 Pages 335-346_1
Published: 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (729K) -
Shunro Ohida1954 Volume 26 Issue 5-6 Pages 347-370_1
Published: 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCastration of mice at 50 and 100 days of age (early adult and late adult castration series) is followed by typical histological changes in the thyroid glands, and the histometrical measurements make it possible to divide their sequential changes into three stages.
The first stage lasting about 30 days (in the early adult castration series) or 40 days (in the late series) after castration is characterized by the abrupt increase of large follicles exceeding 50μ in diameter, in frequency per mm2, static maintenance of their maximum level and their rapid decrease to the normal range concomitantly, a similar sequence of dark colloid is observed. This is evidently interpreted as showing rapid accumulation, static storage and abrupt release of much colloid.
The second stage after the previous stage to until about the 120th postoperative day, is marked by the continued maintenance of almost the same level in frequency as the normal for the large follicles, fluctuations in staining of colloid and cell activation of considerable degrees. The thyroid pattern in the castrates, especially in the early adult castrates, resembles that of the corresponding normal controls.
The third stage represents a trend toward colloid accumulation indicated by the occurrence of dark colloid, general decrease in cell height of follicle cells, further increase in frequency within the normal range of the large follicles and frequent occurrence of enormously grown follicles.
Concerning the degrees of these changes, there is apparently a time element related to the age at castration. In the late adult castration series, the change in the first stage greater in degree, that in the second smaller and that in the third greater again, while in the early series they are reversed.
No sex difference is found in the histological changes in the thyroid glands of both castration series.
Still another point of interest is that secretory droplets appear often in both castration series, but rare in the normal control series.View full abstractDownload PDF (1196K) -
Korenobu Karasawa1954 Volume 26 Issue 5-6 Pages 371-376
Published: 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAfter the removal of chief lymphoid organs such as the mesenterial mass of nodes, vermiform appendix and spleen as well as other several small lymph nodes in adult rabbits, there appeared a new formation of lymphocyte aggregations in the periportal spaces of the liver to a large extent and, though to a lesser extent, also in the femoral bone marrow. This phenomenon is considered to be compensatory to the reduction in the mass of lymphoid tissue.
In contrast with th i s, compensatory hyperplasia on the part of the remaining lymph nodes and lymphoid tissues took place only to a small extent. There was no local regeneration of lymph nodes when they had been completely removed.
The fact tha t a compensatory reaction in response to a marked reduction in the mass of lymphoid tissue takes place to the greatest extent in the liver was stressed.
The author wishes to thank P rofessor B. Osogoe, at whose suggestion this work was undertaken, for his kind interest during the course of the work and in the preparation of the manuscript.View full abstractDownload PDF (480K) -
Korenobu Karasawa1954 Volume 26 Issue 5-6 Pages 377-384_1
Published: 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn young rabbits, a quantitative study was made of the changes in the amount of myelocytes in the thymus during its accidental involution. As an agent to induce accidental involution of the thymus an alarming dose of formalin was used.
It was observed that with the progress of thymic involution, the cellularity of lymphocytes in the parenchyma became scanty, whereas the number of myelocytes per unit area of parenchyma in sections (here termed the concentration of myelocytes) was considerably increased, so that not infrequently the histological picture of the thymic parenchyma was reminiscent of hypoplastic bone marrow. Even in such instances, however, the total amount of myelocytes per thymus did not increase, because the reduction in the mass of thymic paren- chyma took place to a greater extent. This implies that a high con- centration of myelocytes of the thymus in an advanced stage of involu- tion is a result of condensation of these cells in the reduced parenchyma.
The concentration of myelocytes in the parenchyma was reduced to the normal level coincident with the commencement of regeneration of the thymic lymphocytes.
Either in other lymphoid organs or in the liver and spleen, there appeared no foci of myelocytes throughout the experimental period.
This research was conducted under the direction of Professor Bunsuke Osogoe. I wish to express my thanks to him for constant guidance in the course of the work.View full abstractDownload PDF (495K) -
Fujio Takayama1954 Volume 26 Issue 5-6 Pages 385-390_4
Published: 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (659K)
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