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Volume 82 (2005)
- Issue 4 Pages 111-
- Issue 3 Pages 79-
- Issue 2 Pages 31-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Predecessor
Volume 82, Issue 2
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Makoto UMINO, Jun GOTO, Noboru GOTO, Naoko NONAKA, Masakazu SHIBATA2005 Volume 82 Issue 2 Pages 31-34
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 12, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe compared morphological and morphometric data on various motor neurons in the human pyramidal system using the modified Klüver-Barrera staining method with extremely minimized shrinkage ratio and an imageanalyzer. We classified motor neurons in the human pyramidal system into three groups according to the measurement data. This report may be of interest to better understand the process of nerve conduction in the human pyramidal system.View full abstractDownload PDF (110K) -
Shin-ichi AYABE, Noboru GOTO, Takashi ATSUMI, Jun GOTO, Jun SUZUKI2005 Volume 82 Issue 2 Pages 35-38
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 12, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe morphologically evaluated the size of axons in the posterior funiculus in different age groups and examined the changes due to aging. In the past, such studies have been conducted at the cervical spinal cord (C6) level, and a decrease in the size and number of axons due to aging has been noted. The current study was conducted at the lower lumber spinal cord (L2) level.View full abstractDownload PDF (134K) -
Tetsu YANAI, Noboru GOTO, Jun GOTO, Naoko NONAKA, Masakazu SHIBATA2005 Volume 82 Issue 2 Pages 39-42
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 12, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe conducted a study to compare morphological characteristics of various nerve cells in the sensory system. This sort of evaluation is indispensable for a better understanding of the nervous system in relation to clinical physiology and neurology.View full abstractDownload PDF (131K) -
Jun SUZUKI, Noboru GOTO, Tetsu YANAI, Masakazu SHIBATA, Tadashi HISAMI ...2005 Volume 82 Issue 2 Pages 43-48
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 12, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMorphometric comparisons of anterior horn cells (AHCs) were conducted between cervical and lumbar spinal cords in 29 cadavers. The sizes of the AHCs were always larger at the lumbar level than at cervical level irrespective of the age of the spicemens, but a decrease in size with age was observed at both levels. The correlation coefficient shows a larger decrease in numbers and volumes at lumbar level than at cervical level.View full abstractDownload PDF (93K) -
Iwao SATO, Mami MIYADO, Masataka SUNOHARA2005 Volume 82 Issue 2 Pages 49-56
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 12, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMitochondrial enzyme activities and ultrastructure of mitochondria prepared from klotho mutant mice were compared with those in wild-type mice. We also measured the levels of expression of ND1, 51kDa, and 75kDa mRNA associated with the genes encoding NADH dehydrogenase and complex I and that of alpha cardiac myosin heavy chain mRNA in both groups. Mitochondrial NADH oxidoreductase activity was higher in klotho mutant mice during aging than that in wild-type mice. The area of mitochondria per unit area (300µm2) of cell was almost constant from 4 to 7 weeks of age in both groups. A few large mitochondria were scattered between numerous small mitochondria with compact cristae and myofibrils in klotho mice from 5 weeks of age. The levels of ND1 and 75kDa mRNA were slightly high from 7 weeks of age in klotho mutant mice, whereas they were almost constant in wild-type mice, in spite of reduced expression of alpha cardiac myosin heavy chain mRNA. Our results indicate that klotho protein indirectly plays a role in diminished functional adaptability of enzymes in aged heart muscle, and is required for hypertrophy of cardiac mitochondria.View full abstractDownload PDF (308K) -
Akio HIURA, Hiroshi NAKAGAWA2005 Volume 82 Issue 2 Pages 57-66
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 12, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of capsaicin on the rat cornea and its NsAchE (non specific acetylcholinesterase)-positive nerve fibers were investigated after long and short survival periods following subcutaneous (s.c) injection of the drug. Sixteen rats were injected once s.c with capsaicin on postnatal day 2 at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Age-matched rats were injected only vehicle, and served as control (n=16). After 4 (n=6), 8 (n=6) and 12 (n=4) mos., both sides of the corneas were examined under a binocular microscope to look for corneal abnormalities. Immediately after the enucleation, bilateral corneas were excised with a thin scleral margin and their ciliary body and iris were removed in DPBS solution. Then, they were fixed in a 4% paraformaldehyde solution containing 8% sucrose for 1 h at 4ºC, and processed for staining by the NsAchE method. For comparison, 15 rats were injected 3 times with capsaicin (total dose: 150 mg/kg) at a dose of 50 mg/kg on days 1, 2 and 3 after birth. Age-matched rats (n=16) were injected vehicle as controls. Five (n=4), 17 (n=4), 45 (n=3) and 75 (n=4) days later, their corneas were similarly handled as described above. Corneal lesions and sprouting of the NsAchE-positive subepithelial nerve fibers appeared 4 mos. after the treatment with capsaicin (50 mg/kg). In particular, all the treated corneas (8/8) at 12 mos. showed corneal abnormalities. Contrary to the results from the single injection of capsaicin, corneal changes had already appeared on day 17 after treatment with capsaicin at a high dose (150 mg/kg). These data reinforce the suggestion that yielding of corneal lesions is closely associated with the longer survival time at lower doses and with the short survival time at a high dose of the drug. Further, the relationship between sprouting of corneal nerve fibers and corneal wounds was discussed on the basis of the previous reports.View full abstractDownload PDF (298K) -
Shunji KUMABE, Michiko NAKATSUKA, Yasutomo IWAI-LIAO, Hiroki IMBE, Gi- ...2005 Volume 82 Issue 2 Pages 67-78
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 12, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo evaluate the morphology of dental arches, 53 (male: 29, female: 24) paired casts having normal dentitions and occlusion were selected from 396 (age: 18 to 26 years old; male: 257, female: 139) sets of dental study models. The mandibular dentitions were preliminarily classified as square, round-square, round and round V-shaped arches based on the conventional morphological descriptions. Midpoints of the incisor edge (I1R, I1L, I2R, & I2L), summits of the cuspids (CR & CL), buccal cusps of the premolars (P1R, P1L, P2R, & P2L), mesial buccal cusps of the first and second molars (M1R, M1L, M2R, & M2L), and the midpoint (A) of line I1R-I1L were designated as reference points. From A, let a vertical line intersected line M2R-M2L at reference point B. The line A-B intersected CR-CL at reference point E. We evaluated 1) the protrusion of the cuspids by ① angle I2R-CR-P1R (∠R)+angle I2L-CL-P1L (∠L); 2) the curvature of the anterior teeth by ② (A-B)/(CR-CL), ③ 180&orgm;-∠(CR-A-CL), and ④ (A-E)/(CR-CL); 3) the length to width ratio of the dental arch by ⑤ (A-B)/(M2R-M2L); 4) the degree of roundness of the mandibular arch by estimation of ⑥ (rθ5-rθ4)R+(rθ5-rθ4)L; and 5) an item ⑦ for the differentiation of type I and type II round-square arches by relating the bilateral contour and position of break line P1-P2-M1-M2 (i) to line P1-M2 (ii). The data of items ①, ②, ③, ④, ⑤, and ⑥ were further standardized and summarized into three essential principal components: 1) the curvature of the anterior teeth, 2) the curvilinear contour of the dental arch, and 3) the length-to-width ratio of the dental arch. The results indicated that: 1) 36 cases (67.9%) of the mandibular dentitions were round-square arches which showed no prominent principal component. 11 cases (20.8%) were square arches and 6 cases (11.3%) were round V-shaped arches; no round arches was found in mandibular dentitions. 2) Statistical analysis indicated significant differences of items ③, ④ and ⑥ in various mandibular arches (Student's t-test). 3) By examination of the three principal components, significant differences of item ⑤ between the round V-shaped arches and square and round-square mandibular arches were evident (Student's t-test). The present study elucidated that morphology of the mandibular arch was determined by a parameters representing the curvature of anterior teeth (composed of items ②, ③ and ④), and another parameter (item 6) representing roundness of the mandibular arch.View full abstractDownload PDF (317K)
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