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Volume 78 (2001 - 200･･･
- Issue 6 Pages 223-
- Issue 5 Pages 153-
- Issue 4 Pages 107-
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Volume 78, Issue 5
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Huayue CHEN, Daisuke HAYAKAWA, Shoichi EMURA, Yuki OZAWA, Hirotaka TAG ...2001 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 153-159
Published: December 20, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSYoung female rats were fed with normal (1.18%) or low (0.05%) calcium diet for 3,7,15 or 30 days. The morphology of the parathyroid glands was studied together with serum calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin and bone mineral density (BMD). As compared to the animals fed with the normal calcium diet, BMD of whole body of the rats fed with the low calcium diet was significantly decreased, whereas the serum PTH level was increased. The parathyroid glands in the rats fed with the low calcium diet were markedly enlarged. In the parathyroid chief cells of the rats fed with the low calcium diet, the Golgi complexes and the cisternae of the granular endoplasmic reticulum were well developed, while the large granules and large vacuolar bodies decreased. Some secretory granules located near the plasma membrane. A proportionally larger increase of the cytoplasm was estimated in the rats fed with the low calcium diet for three and seven days. Enlargement of the cytoplasm and rather frequent mitoses of the chief cells were observed in the rats fed with the low calcium diet for 15 and 30 days. These findings suggest that the rapid bone loss in young rats induced by the low calcium diet is essentially due to stimulated activity of the parathyroid gland. The stimulated gland may be a result of hypertrophy at the early stage and a combination of hypertrophy and hyperplasia at the later stage of calcium deficiency.View full abstractDownload PDF (2870K) -
Keiki YAMADA, Kazuyoshi SAKAI, Shizuko YAMADA2001 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 161-168
Published: December 20, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA morphological and immunohistochemical study of the ultimobranchial body of reptiles Japanese lizard and snake was carried out. The ultimobranchial body of the Japanese lizard was located adjacent to the left arch of the aorta between the trachea and esophagus. It was found as a cluster or group of cells with no capsule. Grimelius' silver impregnation and lead-hematoxylin staining produced positive reactions in some of the clustered cells and follicular cells. The same reaction pattern was observed with anti-calcitonin using the PAP method. The PAP reactions were positive to antiserum against pig calcitonin, but negative to antiserum against synthesized human calcitonin. Furthermore. the PAP reactions were negative to antiserum against tyrosine hydroxylase. The immunofluorescent study of the snake ultimobranchial body revealed that most of the clustered cells and some of the follicular cells were calcitoninimmunoreactive but none was tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive. Certain histological similarities exist between the Japanese lizard ultimobranchial body and snake ultimobranchial body, but the distribution of calcitonin-positive cells were slightly different. In the Japanese lizard, the positive cells were scattered between the folicles and the number was small. However, most of the cells which formed the cluster in the ultimobranchial body of snake were positive. The findings suggest that the configuration of amino acid in the Japanese lizard calcitonin and snake calcitonin are similar to that of pig calcitonin, and the reptile and the birds is a boundary of the tyrosine hydroxylase existence.View full abstractDownload PDF (3240K) -
Huayue CHEN, Daisuke HAYAKAWA, Shoichi EMURA, Yuki OZAWA, Ryuichiro YA ...2001 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 169-172
Published: December 20, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDuring cadaver dissection for student education in anatomy laboratory of Gifu University School of Medicine, a case of the horseshoe kidney was observed in a 63-year-old Japanese female cadaver. The kidney was fused at the lower poles of the original kidneys by the parenchymatous isthmus and showed a typical horseshoe shape. The hili on both sides opened towards the ventral direction, and the ureters descended in front of the isthmus and entered the bladder normally. The location of the kidney was lower than that of the normal kidney. Four surplus arteries entered the isthmus and the lower part of the kidney besides the normal right and left renal arteries. The incidence of the horseshoe kidney during the dissecting practice at Gifu University School of Medicine from 1971 to 1997 was estimated to be 0.36% (4 out of 1130 bodies).View full abstractDownload PDF (826K) -
Shoichi EMURA, Daisuke HAYAKAWA, Huayue CHEN, Shizuko SHOUMURA2001 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 173-177
Published: December 20, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe dorsal lingual surfaces of a newborn panther (Panthera pardus) and two newborn asian black bears (Selenarctos thibetanus) were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM ). The tongues of the panther and asian black bear were about 40 mm in length and about 20 mm in width. Filiform, fungiform and vallate papillae were found. The filiform papillae were distributed over the entire dorsal surface of the tongue. In the panther, the filiform papillae on margin of the lingual apex were divided into two shapes which were horny or club-shaped papillae. The filiform papillae on the midportion were larger than those on the lateral region in size. The fungiform papillae also were divided into two shapes which were hemispherical or club-shaped papillae. In the asian black bear, the filiform papillae on the margin of the lingual apex were larger than those on margin of the panther tongue. The vallate papillae in the animals of two species were located on both sides of the posterior end of the lingual body. Each papilla was surrounded by a groove and crescent pad.View full abstractDownload PDF (1922K) -
Fumihiko SUWA, Yan JIN, Hongbing LU, Xin LI, George L TIPOE, Thomas YH ...2001 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 179-186
Published: December 20, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been shown that apoptosis is involved in normal embryonic development. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the role and alteration of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of cleft palate induced by retinoic acid (RA)and the ectomesenchymal stem (EMS) cells influenced by RA. RA was administered by gavage to pregnant C57BL/6N strain mice in the experimental group, and the control group received oil alone. Pregnant mice were killed at set periods of time thereafter and histologically analyzed. EMS cells explanted from the palatal shelves of embryonic mice were cultured and characterized by immunohistochemistry, growth curves and population-doubling time. The alterations of apoptosis of EMS cells and developing palatal shelves influenced by RA were evaluated by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated UTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method. RA-treated mice showed formation of cleft palates resulted from the small size of the palatal shelves and their failure to lift. TUNEL staining showed that the number of apoptotic mesenchymal cells in palatal shelves in the RA-treated mice was increased significantly when compared with the control group. The primary culture of EMS cells proceeded successfully. The population-doubling time of RA-treated cells was much longer compared with non-treated EMS cells. RA also dramatically increased the number of apoptotic cells in EMS cells in vitro. We concluded that EMS cells are the crucial cells in palate development. RA could inhibit the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of EMS cells. The inhibition of growth and excess apoptosis of EMS cells may contribute to the formation of cleft palate and other orofacial congenital malformations.View full abstractDownload PDF (3494K) -
Kazuo KIMURA, Takami FUSANO, Yoko TANAKA2001 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 187-199
Published: December 20, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe fine structures of contractile trabecules in the splenic red pulp of the rat were examined by electron microscopy to elucidate their participation in the active contraction of the spleen.
Numerous fine thready trabecules were developed in the red pulp. They were enveloped with a cytoplasmic layer of reticular cells and consisted of elongated smooth muscle cells, fascicles of collagenous fibrils and elastic fibers. Their fibrous components in the capsular ends extended in a triangular form of fanribs into the fibrous tunica of the capsule. Smooth muscle cell-like interstitial cells (SIC) were situated in the interfibrous spaces. Flattened SICs were affixed with cytoplasmic processes to the elastic lamina. The trabeculocapsular junctions were represented on the elastic lamina by grouped or isolated circular patches with concentrically arranged triangular processes and were also observed on the capsular serosa by plaques with scarce microvilli of serosal cells. Smooth muscle cells of the fine trabecules were equipped on the cell surface with anchoring structures to extracellular fibrous elements as previously described by Gabella (1981). Close associations were also seen between the smooth muscle cells and elastic fibers which were terminated to the fascicles of collagenous fibers. Cell-to-cell connections were expressed by fibrous connections between spiny processes and a small number of puntate intermediate junctions and nexuses. Unmyelinated nerve fibers with adrenergic terminals were seen in the intercellular spaces.
We propose that for the rat spleen, the fine trabecules in the red pulp are muscular contractiles which are reponsible for the active contraction due to sympathetic stimuli and the administration of α1-adrenoceptor agonists, while the elastic lamina in the capsule plays a role in the comprehensive contraction of the subcapsular vascular bed.View full abstractDownload PDF (10589K) -
Fenestrated Epithelium of the Pelvic Recess Wall on the Lateral Parenchymal Tissue in the Dog KidneyShotaro NOZAKI, Takami FUSANO, Yoko TANAKA, Masayuki MIYOSHI2001 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 201-209
Published: December 20, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe epithelium of the pelvic recess separating the urine and the lateral parenchym of the dog kidney was examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) to try and identify the epithelial structures permitting filtration of urine substances.
In cross sections through of the renal hilus, recesses were found in the pelvic space extending along the internal surface of the lateral parenchym. Light microscopy (LM) showed the external wall of the recess facing the parenchymal tissue to be a thin squamous epithelium underlined with a layer of smooth muscle cells. The cytoplasm of epithelial cells observed by TEM was extremely thin in comparison to the epithelia on other parts of the pelvic wall. Their peripheral cytoplasm usually demonstrated interdigitations or showed overlapping of cytoplasm of neighboring cells in two or three laminae. Distinct junctional structures were observed but no distension of the intercellular space was seen. The lumenal cell surface was relatively smooth, but the peripheral cytoplasm was equipped with either angular or stumped processes and deep cavae. In addition to a small number of cell organellae, numerous vesicles and vacuoles of varying sizes were conspicuously observed. The vacuoles contained flocculent materials and were fenestrated by pores closed by a diaphragm at fused potions of their limiting membrane with the adluminal and abluminal plasma membrane. The openings of the vacuoles were also seen at the basal cytoplasm. Similar fenestrations also occurred between the neighboring vacuoles in chains or conglomerations. Attenuated epithelial cytoplasm in close association with urinary tubules was also fenestrated by uniformly sized pores closed by thin diaphragm with punctuate central thickening. The fenestrations through the cytoplasm and between the chained vacuoles may thus be structures which have yet to be previously identified, and this finding seems to indicate that the filtration of urine substances occurs across the epithelial lining of the pelvic wall. Layers of thin smooth muscle cells with mutual connections are seen to underline the epithelium. The innermost muscle cells penetrated the basal lamina and thus come in contact with epithelial cells. However, their significance could not be clearly determined.View full abstractDownload PDF (6772K) -
Hiroshi TAKAHASHI, Iwao SATO2001 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 211-221
Published: December 20, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe quantitatively examined the distribution of these differences in extracellular matrices (collagen types I, III, and fibronectin) and elastic fibers under confocal laser scanning microscopy and electron scanning microscopy in terms of their contribution to the mechanics of the TMJ during development and in adults. Elastic fibers were found in the anterior and posterior bands in adults aged 40 years, and a few elastic fibers in the anterior band of the disk in adults aged 80 to 90 years. The extracellular matrix contents of the TMJ disk are shown in various detected levels in the anterior, intermediate, posterior bands of TMJ disk. During development, collagen fibers are arranged in a complex fashion from 28 weeks' gestation. These ultrastructures of the embryonic TMJ are resembled to that of adults aged the 40 s, however the difference in extracellular matrix distribution found in embryonic stages and adults. They might reflect the differences in function between mastication and sucking or the changes in shape and form as results of functional disorders of the TMJ.View full abstractDownload PDF (6498K)
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