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Volume 76 (1999 - 200･･･
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Volume 76, Issue 5
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Kouichi WATANABE, Atsushi SUZUKI1999 Volume 76 Issue 5 Pages 203-219
Published: December 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMuscle spindles are not always distributed more in postural muscles with many slow-twitch-oxidative (SO)mvofibers than in locomotory muscles with few SO myofibers. The purpose of present study was to examine the distribution, density, and structure of muscle spindles in the vastus intermedius musde: an antigravity muscle and the peroneus longus muscle: a locomotory muscle in the sheep. Muscle spindles were reconstructed from serial sections at 300μm intervals throughout the muscles. Myofiber types were classified into SO, fast-twitch-oxidative-glycolytic, and fast-twitch-elycolytic myofibers by differences in histochemical reactivity. No significant difference in the density of muscle spindles (DMS) existed between the vastus intermedius (DMS: 5.3) and peroneus longus (DMS: 5.7) muscles. The muscle spindles were distributed more in the distal portion than in the proximal portion of the vastus intermedius muscle. The muscle spindles were distributed in the proximal and middle portion but hardly in the distal portion of the peroneus longus muscle. Muscle spindles were classified into simple, tandem, and compound muscle spindles. Most of the muscle spindles were the simple type. The differences in size of the muscle spindle and numbers of the intrafusal myofibers were not significant between the two muscles. The results show that the density and structure of the musde spindles do not differ between the postural and locomotory muscles in the sheep.View full abstractDownload PDF (3723K) -
Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural InvestigationsHuayue CHEN, Daisuke HAYAKAWA, Shoichi EMURA, Akira TAMADA, Shizuko SH ...1999 Volume 76 Issue 5 Pages 221-229
Published: December 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe distribution and morphology of the parathyroid macrophages in golden hamsters from neonatal to senile periods were investigated using the monoclonal antibody to ED2 and electron microscopy. The results showed that definite ED2-positive cells were hardly detectable in the parathyroid gland of 1-day-old hamsters. A few ED2-positive cells could be identified in the parathyroid gland of 10-day-old hamsters. The ED2-positive cells were more densely and became conspicuous in 1-,3-, and 12-month-old hamsters. The number of the cells seems to be increased with aging. Ultrastruchually, we did not find any macrophages in parathyroid glands of 1-day-old hamsters. In the 10-day-old hamster parathyroid gland, a few macrophages existed only in the interstitial tissues. In the parathyroid gland of 1-,3-, and 12-month-old hamsters, many macrophages were found in the perivascular regions, some cells located among the parenchymal chief cells with no obvious vascular association. These cells showed some physical contacts with chief cells. These results suggest that the parathyroid macrophages exhibit dramatical changes in their distribution and morphology from neonatal to senile periods.View full abstractDownload PDF (2956K) -
Shintaro KONDO, Hajime HANAMURA, Akira ISHIKAWA, Takao NAMIKAWA, Eizo ...1999 Volume 76 Issue 5 Pages 231-239
Published: December 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated an odontometrical difference in the mandibular molars (M1, M2, and M3) of two laboratory strains of the musk shrew (Suncus murinus) originating in Bangladesh (BAN strain) and Tokunoshima Island of Japan (TKU strain). We used skulls from two strains of shrews that were maintained under identical laboratory conditions. Mesiodistal and buccolingual crown diameters in the trigonid and talonid of the mandibular molars were measured with a measuring microscope, calibrated to 0.001 mm. The crown proportion was expressed by the crown indices calculated from the measurements. Size reduction was analyzed quantitatively according to the reduction index.
All crown dimensions were significantly larger in BAN shrews than in TKU shrews (P<0.01). Sexual differences were noted in the talonid dimensions, while interstrain differences were clearly evident in the trigonid dimensions. The crown indices in M1 showed the least interstrain differences of the three molars. The crown indices showed that TKU shrews had relatively larger buccolingual diameters and talonid diameters than BAN shrews, and the reduction indices showed that TKU shrews had relatively larger M2, and M3 than BAN shrews.
To extract the variance components of tooth shape, a principal component analysis was performed after the variables were standardized. After Varimax rotation, each factor was interpreted. The first three factors accounted for 79.9%of all variances. The first component represented the mesiodistal crown proportion of the trigonid-to-talonid crown component. The second and third components represented the relative size of buccolingual diameters in the distal molars for M1. The principal component scores showed that TKU shrews had relatively larger talonids and distal molars than BAN shrews.View full abstractDownload PDF (1764K) -
Hu YUAN, Noboru GOTO, Jun GOTO, Naoki SHIRAISHI, Shigetaka SHIMADA1999 Volume 76 Issue 5 Pages 241-246
Published: December 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere have been few morphometric studies on age-related changes in the human spinal cord. The purpose of the present study was to determine the existence of sexual dimorphism of the spinal cord between males and females during the aging process. Spinal cords were removed from cadaver specimens,26 males and 22 females for anatomic practice, the age at death ranged from 41 to 97 years for males (average,71.5 years) and from 59 to 92 years for females (average,76.6 years). Spinal cord segments were embedded in celloidin after secondary fixation and dehydration. Sections were stained with the Luxol fast blue-periodic acid-Schiff-hematoxylin and Kluver-Barrera methods. Morphometric analysis was performed with an electronic optical planimeter and a computer. Each section was enlarged 13.5times to take a picture. The areas of the transverse section white matter and gray matter of the spinal cord at segments C5 and L3 were measured. Although there was no correlation between the total transverse area of the spinal cord and age either in males or females, we noticed that the area of the gray matter decreased faster in males than in females; while the area of the white matter decreased faster in females than in males. The area ratio of the white matter to the whole segment area of the spinal cord (W/T) at level C5 is larger in males than that in females. Our results suggest that there could be a difference between males and females in changes in the white and gray matters of the spinal cord due to aging.View full abstractDownload PDF (1116K) -
Shoichi EMURA, Akira TAMADA, Daisuke HAYAKAWA, Huayue CHEN, Ryuichiro ...1999 Volume 76 Issue 5 Pages 247-253
Published: December 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe dorsal lingual surface of a blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The tongue was about 125 mm in length. There were about 30 vallate papillae on both sides. Filiform, conical, fungiform and vallate papillae were found. The filiform papillae were distributed over the entire dorsal surface of the tongue, excepted for the lingual torus where conical papillae were present. The fugiform papillae were present rounded bodies, and more densely distributed on the tip and ventral surface of ligual apex. No foliate papillae were seen on the dorsal surface. The vallate papillae were located on both sides of the midline in the caudal part. Each papilla was surrounded by a groove. These findings indicate that the tongue of the blackbuck is similar to that of the formosan and japanese serow.View full abstractDownload PDF (2101K) -
Ahmet H. YÜCEL, Emine KIZILKANAT, Cengiz Ö. Ö ZDEMIR1999 Volume 76 Issue 5 Pages 255-261
Published: December 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study reports important variations in branches of the subclavian artery in a singular cadaver. The origin of the left vertebral artery was from the aortic arch. On the right side, no thyrocervical trunk was found. The two branches which normally originate from the thyrocervical trunk had a different origin. The transverse cervical artery arose directly from the subclavian artery and suprascapular artery originated from the internal thoracic artery. This variation provides a short route for posterior scapular anastomoses. An awareness of this rare variation is important because this area is used for diagnostic and surgical procedures.View full abstractDownload PDF (1615K) -
M. CIMEN, A. O. ISIK, R. GEDIK1999 Volume 76 Issue 5 Pages 263-272
Published: December 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA radiological quantitative method applied in the classification of 210 mandibular condyles from 105 male and female subjects, aged 18-62 with no temporomandibular disorders has been taken up in this study. Through coronal sections. types of condyles were first determined by computer tomography (CT) per antenrio-posterior aspects and then divided into four main groups described as flat, convex, angled and round. Then, using the parameters, every candyle type was divided into three subgroups. Finally, the percentage of each group has been estimated as follows: fat,14.3%; convex,35.2%; angled,35.7% and round,14.8%. When the condylar type was compared with sex, it was observed that the angled type (39.6%) in males and the convex type (40.3%) in females were higher than the other types. In the analysis of the relationship between age and condylar types, there appeared to be a trend toward an increase in the incidence of flat and a decrease in the incidence of convex with an increase in the age of males. in addition, following the determination of bilateral symmetry and asymmetry the bilateral asymmetry was determined to be higher in both sexes (56.2%).View full abstractDownload PDF (1790K) -
M. Haluk ULUUTKU M. D. Ph. D, Zeliha KURTOGLU M. D.1999 Volume 76 Issue 5 Pages 273-276
Published: December 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relation of the nerves with the piriformis muscle in the deep gluteal region examined in 50 buttock from 18 male and 7 male newborn cadavers. The nerves were found in usual position in 74% of sides, while one or more nerves perforated the piriformis in 16% and, unusual location of the nerves with intact piriformis was in 10% of sides. Abnormal located nerves are utilised in view of whether originating from dorsal or ventral part of the sacral plexus.View full abstractDownload PDF (860K)
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