Japanese Journal of Southeast Asian Studies
Online ISSN : 2424-1377
Print ISSN : 0563-8682
ISSN-L : 0563-8682
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Volume 10, Issue 2
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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Articles
  • Studies in the Lawa Phonology
    Yasuyuki Mitani
    Article type: Article
    1972 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 174-196
    Published: October 14, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 03, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20495/tak.10.2_174
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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     After a description of phonetic details of three dialects of Lawa, i.e. Bo Luang, Umphai and Mae Sariang, in the framework of 'taxonomic phonemics, ' several problems are discussed in the framework of 'generative phonology'.
     In those languages, like Lawa, which have no or only a small scale of morpho-phonological alternations, it would be natural to consider that the minimization of the number of features to be specified in the lexical representations is the only or the major ground to determine the underlying phonological representations of lexical items. It can be shown, however, that, in certain cases, such representations as determined in this way do not express intuitively correct underlying forms.
     The author proposes a condition on the form of grammars in the following way. The 'phonological grammar' of a language consists of the phonological base component to generate the autonomous phonemic representations of words and the phonetic rule component to convert them into the phonetic representations; the former component, in its turn, consists of the phoneme inventory in its minimal schema, the canonical form, and the selectional conditions which act as a filter to sort out the set of admissible feature matrices from the set of all possible matrices obtained by replacing the segments of the canonical form by phonemes nondistinct from them. Such phonological grammar is determined for each language by minimizing, under certain conditions on the phono-logical grammar itself, the complexity of the base component. And, it is proposed that, besides Kiparsky's alternation condition, a condition is to be imposed on grammars : the word-level phonology of a grammar must contain, as a subcomponent, the phonetic rule component as defined in the phonological grammar.
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  • The Formation of a National Ecclesia in Thai Buddhism
    An Evaluation of the Sangha Law of 1902
    Yoneo Ishii
    Article type: Article
    1972 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 197-213
    Published: October 14, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 03, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20495/tak.10.2_197
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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     Throughout the critical period of the late 19th and early 20th centuries when Buddhism in the neighbouring countries were more or less threatened by colonial regimes, Thai Buddhist Order flourished under the unchanging patronage given by pious kings who remained as "a Defender of the Faith." It was the expansion rather than the deprivation or reduction of royal support that concerned with the Siamese Sangha which claimed its traditional autonomy. Political and administrative reforms enabled the kings to exert his powers effectively all over the kingdom, when they sought to extend their control beyond a handful of royal monasteries in and around the capital. Thousands of provincial temples were to be mobilized to help developing the national scheme of education. The promulgation of the Sangha Law of 1902,geared originally to serve the mundane purpose, gave a tremendous impact upon Thai Buddhism and eventually created a situation in which no sectarian movement could find its place and only "extra ecclesiam nulla salus" prevailed.
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