Japanese Journal of Southeast Asian Studies
Online ISSN : 2424-1377
Print ISSN : 0563-8682
ISSN-L : 0563-8682
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Volume 48, Issue 4
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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Articles
  • Human Relations and the Style of Circular Migration in a Specific Part of Solo Region, Central Java, Indonesia
    Tomoko Mase
    2011 Volume 48 Issue 4 Pages 367-391
    Published: March 31, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20495/tak.48.4_367
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This paper examines how a sense of value for balanced reciprocity and dyad affects the style of circular migration for people from a specific part of Solo region, Central Java, using several case studies based on field research conducted in Village “A,” Jatipurno Subdistrict, Wonogiri Regency, Central Java, Indonesia.
     People tend to consciously avoid patron-client relations (impartial relations) with other people, and prefer mutual even relations. This inclination reveals itself in the case of their “arisan” (a regular social gathering for savings and loans) and wedding ceremonies. It also emerges in their style of circular migration. For them, all dyads except those with their own nuclear family members are very fragile. Thus they always try to very carefully maintain dyads with other people (for example, with relatives, neighbors, friends and so on) for which they have much difficulty in building. Actors separate fragile dyads from their business matters probably generating conflicts, mainly in relation to money matters. For these reasons they rarely cooperate with relatives, neighbors and friends in business.
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  • Loyalty, Reward, and Civil-Military Relations in the Philippines:
    Politics of President Arroyo's Appointments of Military Generals
    Takeshi Yamane
    2011 Volume 48 Issue 4 Pages 392-424
    Published: March 31, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20495/tak.48.4_392
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This paper examines the relationship between President Gloria M. Arroyo and officers of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) in order to consider the connection between the military and politics. During the Arroyo administration, some officers of the AFP staged several coup attempts. However, those attempts all failed to topple the administration, and no coup occurred in its final two and half years. On the contrary, in a last phase of the administration, there was speculation that President Arroyo was conspiring to declare martial law to extend her grip on power in collusion with AFP’s high-ranking officers.
     Assuming that, despite the existence of discontent among officers, President Arroyo could win the support of generals and could build a relatively favorable relationship with the AFP, this paper examines what kind of and how the president build a relationship with the AFP. To examine these, this paper looks into the president’s manipulation of personnel affairs (appointments and promotions of AFP officers) and several factors which influenced her manipulation.
     This paper demonstrates that by appointing AFP officers who were personally close to her and who were loyal to her, President Arroyo strengthened relationship with the AFP. Additionally, it will be pointed out that this kind of relationship which is based on personal closeness and loyalty is a general characteristic of civil-military relations in the Philippines.
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  • Agricultural Knowledge Transfer and Innovation Processes in Vietnam's Northwestern Uplands:
    State-governed or Demand-driven?
    Thi Minh Thai, Andreas Neef, Volker Hoffmann
    2011 Volume 48 Issue 4 Pages 425-455
    Published: March 31, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20495/tak.48.4_425
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This paper assesses processes of adoption of agricultural innovations introduced to the northwestern uplands of Vietnam since the late 1950s as a result of external driving forces and the motivation of adopting farmers. We found that innovations which meet the immediate needs of food security and income generation in the uplands are adopted by a high number of farmers, but tend to be less environmentally sound. Innovations driven by political and ecological interests, i.e. of the type “adoption for political and social rewards” and “adoption for a sustainable environment,” are accepted by only a small proportion of farmers. Agricultural innovations that can satisfy both the agenda of the government and meet the needs of farmers are quickly disseminated and have a long lifespan in the uplands. “Adoption for local consumption” and “adoption for cash income” have currently reached their peak after a period of rapid growth in the recent past. Examples of this include intensive rice cultivation for household food needs and hybrid maize cultivation for market demand. This study further identified three main mechanisms of innovation diffusion, namely the trickle-down mechanism, the ripple mechanism and the network mechanism with their underlying communication models of “transmission,” “interpersonal communication” and “social network” respectively.
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