Japanese Journal of Southeast Asian Studies
Online ISSN : 2424-1377
Print ISSN : 0563-8682
ISSN-L : 0563-8682
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Volume 48, Issue 1
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Articles
  • In-migrant Administration through the Traditional Village System:
    Social Change and Balinese Identity in Post-Suharto Era Indonesia
    Haruya Kagami
    2010 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 3-24
    Published: June 30, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20495/tak.48.1_3
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This paper presents field data on new in-migrant administration policy taken by the Bali provincial government after the resignation of President Suharto, analyses the socioeconomic factors that created such a policy, and discusses those issues that the Balinese people have to cope with in practicing it. The abrupt resignation of Suharto and subsequent fundamental political reformation accelerated the increase of in-migrants into Bali. The purpose of the policy is the incorporation of in-migrants into the Balinese traditional village (desa adat) system as guest members. This policy transforms not only the structure and membership system but also the character of the traditional village, for it was originally a Hindu residents' association while many of new in-migrants are non-Hindu people. The most critical problem arises from the death of these guest members: all villages I describe in this paper agree to help with the funeral arrangements of guest members but do not allow non-Hindu residents to use the village cemetery which is exclusively reserved for Hindu residents. This treatment clearly shows the fundamental foundations on which the Balinese identity is built upon.
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  • Development of Tarbiyah among Indonesian Students:
    The People and the Islamic Learning System that Drives the Dakwah Movements in Indonesian Universities
    Yo Nonaka
    2010 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 25-45
    Published: June 30, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20495/tak.48.1_25
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This paper presents the origins of and the expansion of Tarbiyah in Indonesia based on the findings gathered through interviews with informants and examines its effectiveness as a learning system of Islam from the student’s point of view. Tarbiyah is a system to learn Islam which has been used among the students of the dakwah kampus organization in non-religious universities in Indonesia. Tarbiyah, which means originally means “education” in Arabic, has expanded rapidly all over the country in the past 20 years. This system was introduced to Indonesia in the early 1980s by some Indonesian students who had studied in Saudi Arabia, and was adopted by students in the secular, elite universities. The subsequent expansion and development of Tarbiyah came from the students’ voluntary activities and their personal networks. The advantages of this learning system include its continuity, interactivity, and its ability to deepen relationships among members. The main contents of Tarbiyah are related to the basis of Islamic teachings which are quite new to the most Muslim students in secular universities in Indonesia and therefore widely attracts their attention and interest widely.
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  • The Role of Non-agricultural Sectors in Rural Poverty Reduction:
    A Case Study in Mindanao, Philippines
    Nao Takayama, Nobuhiko Fuwa, Takao Yurugi
    2010 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 46-73
    Published: June 30, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20495/tak.48.1_46
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    While the existing literature on rural poverty dynamics in the Philippines is mostly based on case studies in rice growing villages in Luzon and Panay islands, this paper examines the changing income composition and poverty status among rural households in corn and sugar growing areas in Bukidnon Province on the island of Mindanao, where the incidence of poverty tends to be much higher than in Central Luzon. Despite the slight overall increase in the incidence of poverty between 1984-85 and 2003, a substantial number of households, including those of landless agricultural laborers, escaped from poverty, and the majority of them did so through non-agricultural income growth. This finding is in line with the existing literature, despite some major differences in socio-economic environments and historical contexts between Mindanao and Luzon. We also find that non-agricultural economic activities that contributed to poverty reduction mainly consist of public sector jobs, such as school teaching, and that the role of private sector development in non-agricultural sectors, as well as that of remittances, appears to be minimal, which is in sharp contrast with findings from existing studies.
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  • Conservation for Whom?Elephant Conservation and Elephant Conservationists in Thailand
    Suphawat Laohachaiboon
    2010 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 74-95
    Published: June 30, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20495/tak.48.1_74
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This paper traces the historical development of elephant conservation in Thailand through the exploration of two interrelated state organizations: the Thai Elephant Conservation Center (TECC) and the National Elephant Institute (NEI). By examining their ideological construction, policies and interactions with society, as well as their conflicts with other elephant-related communities, this paper argues that despite all the state's attempts to take the lead in tackling elephantine problems, these organizations continuously faced the dilemma of elephant conservation during their development. Firstly, TECC struggled to sustain organizational survival while simultaneously concretizing their activities for internationally acclaimed elephant conservation in the 1990s. Secondly, NEI experienced difficulty in balancing its expected roles after 2002 in protecting elephants in collaboration with local communities, as well as functioning internationally as a lynchpin of the nation for elephant conservation.
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