Japanese Journal of Southeast Asian Studies
Online ISSN : 2424-1377
Print ISSN : 0563-8682
ISSN-L : 0563-8682
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Volume 39, Issue 3
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Articles
  • Social Organization and the Management of Natural Resources:
    A Case Study of Tat Hamlet, a Da Bac Tay Ethnic Minority Settlement in Vietnam's Northwestern Mountains
    A. Terry Rambo, Tran Duc Vien
    2001 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 299-324
    Published: December 31, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20495/tak.39.3_299
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Community-based resource management has become the latest magic bullet employed by development planners in the uplands of Southeast Asia. It is assumed that devolving power to local communities to manage natural resources will produce better results than continuing to rely on agencies of central governments. This policy has enjoyed remarkable success when applied in areas where indigenous communities are cohesive and endowed with abundant social capital. But not all ethnic minority settlements are well-endowed with social capital or able to successfully mobilize their inhabitants for collective action. Tat hamlet, a Da Bac Tay settlement in Hoa Binh Province in Vietnam's northwestern mountains, is such a community, characterized by scarcity of social capital, lack of social cohesion, and limited ability to collectively manage its natural resources. In this case study, the historical background of social organization in Tat hamlet is described, and the implications of social organization for management of natural resources explored.
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  • Some Things Poetry Can Tell Us about the Process of Social Change in Vietnam
    Neil L. Jamieson
    2001 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 325-357
    Published: December 31, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20495/tak.39.3_325
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The renovation process in Vietnam has been described as a dialogic process involving extensive negotiation. This paper explores the proposition that there may be a distinctly if not uniquely Vietnamese character to this dialogic process, significantly involving the way semantic gaps are intentionally left in messages so that various recipients can fill them in by selecting from multiple possible interpretations of meanings one that best suits their own situation and unique life experience. Some eighteenth- and nineteenth-century poetry is examined to reveal how such mutual involvement of author and reader produced effective social commentary using ambiguity. Other examples from recent times demonstrate how Vietnamese continue to use ambiguity not just in poetry but also in fiction, urban folklore, and scientific and government documents as a means of commenting on and influencing the nature of social change in contemporary Vietnam.
     It is suggested that more attention should be paid to how Vietnamese talk to and about each other, employing ambiguity in ways that are culturally specific, historically conditioned, and extremely sensitive to context. Understanding renovation requires us to attend to gaps in meaning, to what is not said as well as to what is. In daily life, in literature, and in the process of social change, in Vietnam it is often the second or third meaning, collaboratively produced by the originator and recipients of a message, that is ultimately the most important.
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  • Social Capital and Business Networking:
    A Case Study of Modern Chinese Transnationalism
    Hong Liu
    2001 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 358-383
    Published: December 31, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20495/tak.39.3_358
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This essay is an attempt to bridge social science theorizing and empirical research by looking at the margins and intersections of two closely-related socio-economic domains: Chinese business networking and transnational entrepreneurship. By employing the concept of “social capital” and situating it within the biography of a prominent Sino-Southeast Asian entrepreneur; it underscores the significance of social connections (including with non-Chinese actors) in the formation and sustaining of Chinese business networks in the global arena.
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  • Aspects of the Place and Role of the Chinese in Late Nineteenth Century Bangkok
    Porphant Ouyyanont, Yoshihiro Tsubouchi
    2001 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 384-397
    Published: December 31, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20495/tak.39.3_384
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This paper uses the Postal Census of 1883 to examine certain aspects of the place and role of the Chinese in Bangkok. The Census breaks down house occupation by ethnic origin, social status, and also by the various types of materials used in construction. Very clear, at a surprisingly early date, is the existence of a market for rented shop-houses (nearly all were brick houses), with the royal family and members of the Thai nobility prominent among those providing capital for shop house construction. And it was largely the Chinese commercial groups who were the tenants.
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  • The Role of Trees in Countering Land Degradation in Cultivated Fields in Northeast Thailand
    Patma Vityakon
    2001 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 398-416
    Published: December 31, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20495/tak.39.3_398
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The paper describes characteristics of trees in cultivated fields, a familiar feature of Northeast Thailand; their origin in connection with land-use development; their ecological roles, with emphasis on soil fertility, that can restore degraded land; and ways to increase their number. Farmers make concious decision leading to the existence of these trees. They have useful functions for farmers from socio-economic and ecological viewpoints. When forest is changed to agriculture fields, soil fertility declines rapidly and soil erosion is accelerated. Much work in the Northeast has shown conclusively the soil fertility increases in the presence of trees. Leaf litter has been shown to be an important agent for nutrient cycling in tree-soil system. Leaf litter of different tree species plays different roles in improving soil fertility depending on their “quality” or chemical compositions. Trees also play important roles in nutrient capture through roots. This is particularly useful for sandy and prone-to-leaching soils of the Northeast. There are many constraints in integrating more trees into farming systems including small land holding at household level; negative impact of trees on yields of agricultural crops; and loss or damage of planted trees. Despite such constraints, some farmers have been integrating more trees into their fields. More research should be done on how to effectively integrate trees into farms.
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  • The Expansion of Eucalyptus Farm Forest and Its Socioeconomic Background:
    A Case Study of Two Villages in Khon Kaen Province, Northeast Thailand
    Fumikazu Ubukata
    2001 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 417-436
    Published: December 31, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20495/tak.39.3_417
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Recently, eucalyptus farm forest has rapidly expanded in Thailand, especially in the eastern and northeastern regions. Based on a field survey in two neighboring villages in Khon Kaen province, northeast Thailand, this research examines how recent economic changes have affected the expansion of eucalyptus farm forest, and how differences in the villages arose during the expansion process. Two kinds of analysis: static statistical analysis of the households and historical dynamics of the villages since the 1980s, were conducted. First, it was found that there were three stages of development in these villages: the factor substitution process for land, the factor substitution process for labor, and the process after the economic crisis. Second, differences in planting behavior arose as differences of response to the second stage of development. Both the history of each village and socioeconomic attributes of each household affected the response. This indicates that the villagers’ eucalyptus planting was one economic-rational response to the recent changes in the rural economic environments caused by rapid economic growth. Finally, it was also found that recent land transactions, especially after the economic crisis, tend to differentiate the management scale of eucalyptus farm forest. Farm forest management is, thus, entering into another stage.
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