In the preceding papers paddy soils in tropical Asia have been dealt with in a general manner. In most cases only country means were given without discussing the regional differences within a country. In this paper we try to give a more detailed account on the paddy soils in each country, using the material classification and the fertility grading scheme developed in Part 4 and Part 5,respectively, of this series.

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 The chemical and mineral composition, and micromorphological properties of several kinds of glaebules collected from padi soils in South and Southeast Asian countries were studied.
 They were separated into ferruginous, manganiferous and carbonate glaebules, in terms of chemical composition. Silica content decreased in glaebules in comparison with that of the padi soils of the area, while the content of bases remained at almost the same level in glaebules and soils. Alumina, titania, and the molar ratio TiO_2/(Al)_2O_3 also stayed at the same level in both. These results suggest that clay in the vicinity of the precipitation center was incorporated into glaebules, while sand grains were excluded.
 The relative concentration of iron to manganese was correlated with the SiO_2/(Al)_2O_3 ratio, which could be an index of the degree of weathering. This result is compatible with observations that ferruginous glaebules are frequently observed on highly leached soils on older terraces.
 The most common iron mineral was goethite except in glaebules with a laterite fabric, in which haematite predominates.
 The crystalline structure of iron minerals estimated by X-ray diffraction appeared to be well correlated with a ratio nearly equivalent to the "Aktivitatsgrad". Well crystallized goethite and haematite resisted Mehra-Jackson's deferration treatment.
 The clay mineral composition of many glaebules was more or less similar to that of the matrix soil, but the discrepancy was considerable for glaebules thought to have been transported.
 Laterite fabric is characterized by the growth of iron oxides into coarse granules, such granulated areas being connected or demarcated by channels filled with birefringent clay. Several ferruginous glaebules with laterite fabric were found among the samples from India and Northeast Thailand. They were embedded in the soils by physical transportation of laterite fragments, and underwent subsequent transformation of fabric as exemplified by a thin concentric coating, or by repetization of the outer part. The manganiferous glaebules have clearly developed concentric laminae, indicating the alternate precipitation of manganese and iron oxides in situ.
 The various glaebules were classified into two groups by their properties, with the aim of distinguishing between autochthonous and allochthonous formations.

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 This is a report on the knowledge situation of rice-producing farmers. The study is a continuous pilot work related to my past research in Java which has been reported in South East Asian Studies , Vol.12, No.4, March, 1975.
  Pong-dinh Province in Mekong Delta, Ayutthaya in the Chao Phraya area, and Chiang Mai in the River Ping area were selected for the survey conducted in July and August, 1974. For each district, 30 to 40 farms in one or two villages (Tambon in Thailand) were sampled. Phong-dinh is located near Can-tho (120km southwest of Saigon) in the Mekong Delta, where rice is produced by the typical type of land use. Some farmers cultivate high-yielding varieties of rice twice in the rainy season. The village selected is situated on the Basac River. Ayutthaya is located 90km north of Bangkok. The village for the survey is situated along the river and the farms are scattered on the natural levee or on the banks of canals. This region is fairly fertile and the productivity of rice is high. Rice is the main crop and can be cultivated once a year. Cash crops such as corn, sweet corn, and bananas are produced to some extent. Chiang Mai is 750km north of Bangkok. Cash crops such as soybeans, tobacco, garlic, peanuts, and Chinese cabbages are cultivated after rice in the wet season. Diversification has been a principal concern for the farmers in the region.
  The objectives of the study were to review the major problems and necessary information in farm management. The main types and sources of information upon which farmers depend were examined. Farmers had strong demands for several types of information which, they believe, will solve their problems.
  The common problems which farmers pointed out in the three regions surveyed were irrigation, drainage, and natural disasters. Farmers were principally interested in controls of water and crop diseases. The most-sought information on farming techniques concerned methods of cultivation, fertilizer-use, chemical-use, weed control, etc. Sources of information relyed on were the neighbors (including relatives), past experience, and the observed experience of others. Information on natural disasters was also often available from neighbors. For economic information, the most important source was also neighbors. Merchants, dealers, salesmen and buyers were the next most important sources in Phong-dinh and Ayutthaya. For institutional information, local administrative organizations played important roles.
  In their attitudes to new varieties of rice, the farmers in Ayutthaya reacted most positively. Farmers in the other districts showed fairly conservative attitudes. The results of adoption of new varieties differed among the regions because of differences in the farming conditions. However, the farmers' opinions indicated the great possible contribution of the improved seeds, fertilizers, chemicals, and cultivation methods to high productivity. In Ayutthaya and Chiang Mai, improvements in water supply and farming conditions (irrigation, drainage, land consolidation and so forth) seemed to result in significantly higher productivity of rice.

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 This is a report on a preliminary field survey in carried out Desa Amparita, Kecamatan Tellu Limpoe, Kabupaten Sidenreng-Rappang, Sulawesi Selatan over a period of three months from December 1975 through March 1976. The paper aims at clarifying the present situation of the Tolotang, a community-religion based on pre-Islamic beliefs, in Amparita through historical perspectives and the study of symbolic expressions of the Tolotang among the other Buginese.

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 Frescoes painted in the Konbaung period differ in various aspects from those painted in the Nyaungyan period. The main features of the latter have been described in my previous paper entitled "Wall Paintings of Burma in the Nyaungyan Period." Frescoes of the Konbaung period have the following features :
 (1) The contour of the face of both sexes is oval, while throughout the Nyaungyan period it was either plump quadrangular or upside-down triangular. The protuberance of one side of men's cheeks, which was a remarkable feature in the Nyaungyan period, is not found at all in the Konbaung period.
  (2) Men of superior position wear long robe-like garments with long sleeves instead of the short, close frocks with short sleeves resembling a T-shirt, which men in the Nyaungyan period wore without exception. They never wear trousers but long loin-cloths, called "pahso ", that reach to the ankle. The hair is knotted and tied on the forehead.
 (3) Outside the palace women generally wear their hair in a bun on the nape of the neck. Though their costume closely resembles that of women of the Nyaungyan period, it may be noted that a long shawl is thrown loosely over the shoulders, and a "htamein", a skirt of great length, which trails upon the floor, is worn.
  (4) Soldiers carry muskets besides swords and spears. Foreign cannoneers and artillery men may also be found on the walls of certain temples.
  (5) Perspective is expressed by the upper and lower portions of walls. It can be safely assumed that the method of painting scenes, especially trees, houses and other edifices, became extremely elaborate.

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