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Volume 40, Issue 3
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Special Issue
Population and Globalization
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Shigeyuki Abe, Sumner J. La Croix, Andrew Mason2002 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 235-239
Published: December 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (95K) -
Sumner J. La Croix, Andrew Mason, Shigeyuki Abe2002 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 240-267
Published: December 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe consider how globalization has affected demographic trends and how demographic trends have affected globalization. We focus on developments over the last 200 years and emphasize “economic globalization”—the integration of product, capital, and labor markets and the rapid diffusion of technology and information across borders. We begin by relating a brief history of economic globalization since 1850 and then identify demographic trends that may have significant effects on economic globalization. We consider how globalization has affected demographic trends and then discuss how demographic trends have affected globalization. We conclude by reflecting on how our analysis is affected by the increased pace of globalization over the last 40 years.View full abstractDownload PDF (656K) -
Cohort Size, Kuznets Curves, and OpennessMatthew Higgins, Jeffrey G. Williamson2002 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 268-302
Published: December 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKlaus Deininger and Lyn Squire have recently produced an inequality database for a panel of countries from the 1960s to the 1990s. We use these data to decompose the sources of inequality into three central parts: the demographic or cohort-size effect; the so-called Kuznets Curve or demand effects; and the commitment to globalization or policy effects. We also control for education supply, the so-called natural resource curse, and other variables suggested by the literature. While the Kuznets Curve comes out of hiding when the inequality relationship is conditioned by the other two, cohort size seems to be the most important force at work. We offer a resolution to the apparent conflict between this macro finding on cohort size and the contrary implications of recent research based on micro data.View full abstractDownload PDF (786K) -
Soumya Alva, Barbara Entwisle2002 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 303-326
Published: December 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe last three decades offer much evidence of greater access to new avenues of employment with globalization and rapid economic development in Southeast Asia, including a trend toward employment-related migration out of rural areas. This article considers the implications of globalization in Thailand from a rural perspective by examining the direct impact on employment of rural residents who migrate to urban areas, and the indirect impact on rural residents through the experiences of urban migrants. Within this framework, we consider whether men and women have similar migration and associated employment outcomes, and whether those outcomes vary by changes in the individual’s stage in the life course. We use data for working-age individuals from Nang Rong District in Thailand in 1984, 1994, and 2000 to determine general employment trends in rural and urban Thailand. An associated analysis follows a single cohort of individuals aged 8-25 years in 1984 to examine changes in their employment patterns in subsequent years, 1994 and 2000. We discuss the factors influencing some individuals to remain employed in Nang Rong, while others migrate, either permanently or temporarily, to urban areas. We compare categories of sector of employment, including individuals not employed, to examine these questions.View full abstractDownload PDF (646K) -
Noriko O. Tsuya, Napaporn Chayovan2002 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 327-349
Published: December 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study examines the relationships between young Thai women’s and men’s experiences of economic difficulties due to the economic crisis and their desires for marriage and children, using data from a recent national survey on the economic crisis and demographic and family dynamics. The study found that the experiences of economic hardships due to the crisis were widespread among Thai women and men in their 20s and 30s, although there were considerable gender, regional, and urban-rural differences in the extent of experiencing such hardships. Our multivariate analyses reveal that the effects of the crisis on desires for children and marriage were diverse and indirect. Desired fertility of married women aged 25-39 was reduced, not by their own experiences of economic hardships, but by their husbands’. This implies that the husband’s employment is a major factor in determining a woman’s perception of the financial feasibility of having children and suggests that, if prolonged, the crisis could lead to lower marital fertility in Thailand. Marriage desires of young unmarried women aged 20-34 were dampened, not by their own hardships, but their mothers’ economic difficulties, hinting that the widely documented close emotional ties between mothers and daughters in Thailand may have played a role.View full abstractDownload PDF (467K) -
Graziano Battistella2002 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 350-371
Published: December 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGlobalization is a social phenomenon that by definition does not admit limitations. However, of the various factors of production, labor is not free to move where productivity is highest. The traditional reasons limiting the movement of labor (political, economic, social and cultural) have been reinforced by current discussions that link migration and terrorism. Thus, it is foreseeable that migration policies will become more restrictive in the near future.
However, regardless of policies or sometimes in response to them, unauthorized migration has developed in all countries. Is unauthorized migration the expression of the globalization of foreign work? Is it a response to the futile attempts to limit the overreaching power of globalization?
This paper will explore the significance of unauthorized migration as an outcome of globalization by analyzing migration flows in Southeast Asia. There are currently three migration subsystems in the region characterized by various types of population flows. The paper will first examine the current trends of such flows. It will then examine the characteristics of unauthorized migration and their significance for regional relations. It will finally consider the following questions: Is the large unauthorized migration in the region a consequence of the characteristics of the regional process adopted in ASEAN? Is unauthorized migration the result of increasing globalization or does it depend on other factors? Are migration policies consistent with regional and globalization policies?View full abstractDownload PDF (478K) -
Outflows of Thai Workers to TaiwanChing-lung Tsay2002 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 372-394
Published: December 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Thai economy grew dramatically in the past few decades, particularly between 1985 and 1995. During that period Thailand ceased to be solely a labor-exporting society and became one that both sends workers abroad and receives foreign labor. At present the number of foreign professionals working in the kingdom exceeds 200,000. The stock of workers from neighboring countries was nearly 1 million before the 1997 economic crisis. On the contrary, Thai laborers started moving overseas in the early 1970s to work in the Gulf region. The direction of labor flow gradually shifted to East Asia, as Japan and the NIEs began having labor shortages in the 1980s. In light of the Thai experience, the link between international labor migration and regional economic changes becomes an intriguing topic for research. This article investigates the migration systems that exist between Thailand and the destination countries in East Asia. It focuses on the migrant flows to Taiwan before and after the legalization of labor importation in the early 1990s, identifying the labor market segments into which Thai workers have been recruited. The main concern is the consequences of the labor movements on individual workers, in particular their earnings and their working and living conditions in Taiwan. The analysis also addresses key policy implications for both Thailand and Taiwan, which are closely linked not only by labor movement but also by trade and direct investment.View full abstractDownload PDF (524K) -
The Views of Five PanelistsRichard Leete, Andrew Mason, Naohiro Ogawa, Simeen Mahmud, Rafiqul Hud ...2002 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 395-416
Published: December 31, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (483K)
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