Tetsu-to-Hagane

[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1963 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 647-648
Published: April 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 12, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.49.4_647

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Reduction of Iron Ore by Coke-Oven-Gas

Study in pilot plant of fluidizing reduction furnace-I

Yoshikazu YAMAMICHI

1963 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 649-654
Published: April 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 12, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.49.4_649

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Efforts have been made for some years to construct a semi-pilot plant for iron are reduction by fluidizing technique in Dowa Mining Industry Company. This paper deals with the fundamental consideration of iron are reduction by coke-oven gas.
The results obtained are as follows.
(1) Theoretical and actual reducing of coke-oven gas is calculated from the view point of equilibrium.
(2) Rate constant is obtained experimentally which consists of gas film coefficient, diffusion coefficient and surface reaction coefficient. By using this rate constant, it is expected that almost theoretical consumption of the gas should be achieved in batch operation of a fluidizing roaster.
(3) From an experiment with the fluidizing roaster (100mm diam.), it was concluded that aggregation of particles occurred in the roaster.

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Heavy-oil Injection Test in No. 3 Blast Furnace of Kawasaki Iron Works of Japan Steel and Tube Corporation

Satoshi HAYASHI, Gyoichi SUZUKI, Tadashi KOBAYASHI

1963 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 655-660
Published: April 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 12, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.49.4_655

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Heavy oil injection test was conducted in No. 3 blast furnace (hearth diam. 7.15m) of Kawasaki Iron Works of Nippon Kokan K. K. for about six months from April to September, 1961.
As a result of observing the combustion condition within the furnace operated by injecting heavy oil through one tuyere at first, it was confirmed that there was scarce trouble in facilities and operation.
Then, in the test operation with injection of 32kg heavy oil per ton of pig iron through four tuyeres, the coke ratio fell, while (the coke rate decrement) / (oil rate) showed the value of1.6-1.7 and the quantity of tapped pig iron increased by 5%.
On the basis of these test results, heavy oil was injected into No. 2 blast furnace (hearth diam. 7.2m) through all tuyeres by automatic feeding device completed in September of 1961.
In this test operation, coke ratio fell remarkably with heavy oil injection of up to 50kg per ton of pig iron and the rate of replacing coke with heavy oil showed the value of about 1.7. In the case of injecting heavy oil more than 50kg, this rate lowered and coke ratio showed the lowest value of 470kg per ton of pig iron at the time of injecting 75kg heavy oil. While in the case of injecting heavy oil more than 75kg, lowering of coke ratio and increase of tapped pig iron quantity were not recognized.

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Effects of Mo, Ti and Zr on the Solubility of Carbon in Molten Iron

Studies on the behaviors of carbon in molten iron-II

Teinosuke YAGI, Yoichi ONO

1963 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 660-665
Published: April 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 12, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.49.4_660

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Measurements on the effects of molybdenum, titanium and zirconium on the solubility of carbon in molten iron were made and the periodicity of the interaction parameter with respect to the atomic number of the third element was confirmed to hold true for these elements.
Through the statistical-thermodynamical discussion, the physical meaning of the interaction parameter, its dependencies on temperature and carbon content and its relation to the free energy of formation of carbide were explained.

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Equilibrium of Phosphorus, Carbon and Oxygen in Liquid Iron

Study of dephosphorization equilibrium-I

Shiro BAN-YA, Sachio MATOBA

1963 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 666-672
Published: April 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 12, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.49.4_666

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Equilibrium of phosphorus-carbon-oxygen in liquid iron in contact with a mixture of solid calcium phosphate and calcium oxide was studied in a controlled gas atomosphere of CO-CO₂ gas mixture in the range of 0.03-1.2% of phosphorus in liquid iron at 1530.., 1560.., and 1585... It was found that the stable phase of calcium phosphate was of tetracalcium phosphate, 4CaO.P₂0₅, at the presence of free lime in this experiments.
The results obtained were summerized as follows: (1)
(1b)
(1c)
(2)
(2b)
(2c)
(3)
(3b)
(3c)

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Effect of Specimen-Width on Charpy-Impact Bending Test

Studies of load-time relations under Charpy impact test-III

Seita SAKUI, Tadahisa NAKAMURA, Shigetomo NUNOMURA, Tatsuo FUJIWARA

1963 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 672-679
Published: April 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 12, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.49.4_672

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The effect of the specimen width on the Charpy test was studied with specimens of hotrolled mild steel and quenched-and-tempered medium carbon steel, by recording the load-time relations under impact bending. Results obtained were summarized as follows:
(1) The energy absorption in the ductile range was influenced by the specimen-width smaller than 4mm-the smaller the width, the lower the energy absorption per unit sectional area and it was found that the law of similarity was not satisfied in this case. On the contrary the maximum fiber fracture strength was almost constant for all the specimens, showing the applicability of the law of similarity.
(2) Maximum fiber bending stress in fracture was the largest in the temperature range where the absorption energy was decreased almost to minimum value and the load-time curve of type I designated by the authors in the previous papers was obtained. (Tetsu-to-Haganeé 46 (1960) p. 141, 1538; Tetsu-to-Haganeé Overseas, 1 (1961) p. 38).
(3) The brittle specimens tempered at a rather lower temperature after quenching, showed the type I or 11 load-time curves over all the testing temperature, and thus fractured thoroughly with only a crack, once started. It was found that in these tests the fracture strength scattered considerably.
(4) The notch shape had an influence on the absorption energy for ductile fracture of the less ductile specimens with tempered martensite. It was concluded that the above effect was mainly due to the difference of the amount of deformation produced until the crack formation.
(5) The transition temperature showed the same tendency to the changes of specimenwidth under any definition, rising as the width increased. However, the change of the transition temperature for the specimen-witdh larger than 6mm showed the considerablly different tendency from that of the specimen smaller than 4mm. Therefore, in the application of subsize specimen, it is desirable to use the specimen-width larger than 6mm. The effect of specimen-width on transition temperature was affected markedly by the types of the steels and their microstructures.

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On the Quenching-Deformation of Mn-Cr-W Non-Deforming Tool Steels

Kinji YOKOYAMA, Tsuneo MATSUKURA, Fujio URUSHIBARA, Katsuhiko SHIMADA

1963 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 680-684
Published: April 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 12, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.49.4_680

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Twelve species of non-deforming steels in the composition range of about 1% C, 0.8-1.4 % Mn, 0.5-1.1% Cr and 0.3-1.1% W were melted. With these steel specimens, examination was made on the degree of deformation in company with quenching and tempering.
From the results of this examination, it was confirmed that the Cr and the Mn contents reveal a strong inflUence on the quenching-deformation, while the effect of the W content was slight. Moreover, some heat-treating conditions were obtained with respective steel specimens for the sake of keeping the hardness necessary for tools and recovering the dimensions before quenching by hardening treatments.

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Some Remarks on the Notch Sensitivity in Creep Rupture Properties of Heat-Resisting Alloy A286

Taro HASEGAWA, Fukunaga TERASAKI

1963 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 685-691
Published: April 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 12, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.49.4_685

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The notch sensitivity of creep rupture properties of alloy A286 were reported. The effect of notch forms, heat treatments, melting processes, and the short-time tensile properties on the notch sensitivity were investigated. Changes in hardness, microstructure, and the nucleation and propagation of microcracks at the notch root during creep rupture test were also investigated.
Since the plastic flow was constrained under notch condition, the notch sensitivity of this alloy was much affected by microstructure, that is, the resistivity to the nucleation and propagation of microcracks was significant for the notch sensitivity. Reduced resistivity was greatly due to the presence of grain boundary precipitates such as G phase and η phase, as mentioned in the previous paper (Tetsu-to-Hagane, 46 (1959) 9, p. 1029; zairyo-shiken, 10 (1961) 90, p. 70)
From the above mentioned point of view, the effects of notch forms, heat treatments, melting processes, and also the short-time properties on the notch sensitivity were discussed according to the experimental results.

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Some Itinerary Reports on Perspective of Current Research in the Field of Plastic Deformation and Strength of Materials in Europe

Takeo YOKOBORI

1963 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 692-699
Published: April 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 12, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.49.4_692

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Report of the Nuclear Power Research Committee The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan

1963 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 700-728
Published: April 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 12, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.49.4_700

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[title in Japanese]

1963 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 729-732
Published: April 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.49.4_729

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[title in Japanese]

1963 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 735-736,732
Published: April 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.49.4_735

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[title in Japanese]

1963 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 737-738
Published: April 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 12, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.49.4_737

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