Tetsu-to-Hagane

Recent Developments of Stainless Steel Industry in Japan

Fujio TSUKAMOTO

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1711-1718
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1711

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On Surface-Treated Steel Sheets

Yoshihiro HISAMATSU

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1719-1725
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1719

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Present Status and Future of the Activities on Material Databases

Natsuo ONODERA, Takaharu ATAGO

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1726-1733
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1726

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Surface Modification of Steels by Ion Implantation

Masaya IWAKI

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1734-1741
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1734

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Current Status of Vibration Damping Laminated Steel Sheets

Norio CHIBA

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1742-1750
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1742

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Behaviors of Swelling and Reaction Gas Generation during Firing of Iron Oxide Briquettes Containing Coke, Coal and Charcoal

Toshiharu SHIMAZAKI

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1751-1758
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: May 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1751

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The structural changes, characteristics of gas generation and build-up of internal gas pressure that occurred during the firing of hematite briquettes containing carbon materials, were studied by the swelling phenomenon analysis in the temperature range from room temperature to 1 150°C.
Generally, the primary swelling which occurred in a wide temperature range of 600900°C and secondary swelling which occurred at about 1 000°C could be clearly distinguished. The secondary swelling was considerably affected by kinds of the carbon materials containing in briquettes. The swelling occurred in briquette when it contained carbon materials with high density, namely coke, was not so large, but briquettes which contained carbon materials with small density, namely charcoal, show large swelling. The swelling was considerably affected by particle size of carbon materials.
From the results of effluent gas analysis, it was identified that an increase in rate of gas generation from briquettes occurred overlapping with secondary swelling and accelerated remarkably. That was produced. by the rapid increase in CO concentration of reaction gas. An increase in internal gas pressure of briquette occurred simultaneously. In the case of briquette containing 20% charcoal, the build-up of pressure values of about 0.5 kg/cm² was obtained.

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Development of Removal Method of Zn from Blast Furnace Dry Dust

Akiyoshi KOMETANI, Yoshizumi KAWAGUCHI, Moritaka OHNISHI, Yoshiyuki ON ...

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1759-1764
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1759

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A development was made on dry removal method of zinc in dry dust. This dust is precipitated from the blast furnace gas cleaning system, that is called BDC, which was installed at No. 2 blast furnace in Kokura steel works of Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd., in 1982.
An air separator was adopted for removing zinc. Separation efficiency of this system was found to be equal to or higher than that of the wet cyclone system. This dry removal method of zinc was installed in April, 1984 and is working satisfactorily. The removal ratio of zinc is 85% and recovery ratio of coarse particles for sintering plant is 50%.

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Activities of the Constituents and Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ Equilibrium in Fe_tO-Na₂O and Fe_tO-SiO₂-Na₂O Slags

Shiro BAN-YA, Mitsutaka HINO, Hidetaka TAKEZOE

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1765-1772
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: January 19, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1765

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The chemical equilibria of gas-slag reactions have been studied to clarify the effect of soda on the thermodynamic properties of slags under hot metal treatment. The slags studied are the Fe_tO-Na₂O system equilibrated with one atmospheric CO₂2 at 1 610°C by using Pt crucible and Fe_tO-SiO₂-Na₂O system equilibrated with H₂O/H₂ gas mixture at 1 400°C by using solid iron crucible. The influence of slag composition on the Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ ratio and the activity of iron oxide has been determined.
It has been clarified that the results can be expressed in terms of LUMSDEN'S regular solution model over wide ranges of composition in the systems of Fe_tO-Na₂O and Fe_tO-SiO₂Na₂O. The iso-Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ ratio lines, iso-Po₂ lines and iso-activity lines of each component for the Fe_tO-SiO₂-Na₂O slag in equilibrium with liquid iron at 1 400°C have been calculated using the regular solution model.

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Experimental Determination of Isothermal Sections in the Ni-Cr-W Ternary System at 1100 and 1200°C

Masanori KAJIHARA, Yoshikuni KADOYA, Makoto KIKUCHI, Ryohei TANAKA

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1773-1779
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1773

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The 1100 and 1200°C isothermal sections of the Ni-Cr-W ternary system were experimentally determined. Twenty-one alloys with multiphase compositions were equilibrated at 1 100 and 1 200°C for more than 5 000 and 100 h, respectively. Three terminal solid solutions : fcc γ nickel-rich, bcc α₁ chromium-rich and bcc α₂ tungsten-rich phases, and one intermetallic compound : σ phase, were observed as stable phases. Two-phase tie-lines and three-phase tie-triangles were determined by means of electron probe microanalysis.

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Binder for Cold Bonded Pellets Made from Reformed LD Slag

Minoru SASABE

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1780-1786
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1780

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Slag from LD converter and alumina-sludge from extrusion process of aluminium construction materials have been mixed each other and then melted in MgO crucible in order to reform the slag.
The hydration hardening is observed in this reformed slag. The maximum crushing strength of the reformed slag after hydration is found in the composition of 38.5 wt%CaO-12.8 wt%MgO-9.5 wt%SiO₂-20.0 wt%Al₂O₃-12.2 wt%Fe₂O₃-7.0 wt%MnO. It is estimated by X-ray diffraction analysis of the reformed slags before and after hydration that the hardening is caused by the formation of some crystallized materials from amorphous oxide with composition of probably CaO·MgO·Al₂O₃·SiO₂ which is contained in the reformed slag.
Cold bonded pellets have been made of iron ore using the reformed slag as binder. Crushing strength of the pellet is above 120 kgf/P. The binder made from the reformed slag doesn't affect swelling and reduction rate of the pellets.

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Improvement of the Heat Balance in Combined Blowing Process of the LD Converter

Shozo OKAMURA, Hidemasa NAKAJIMA, Katsukiyo MARUKAWA, Shoji ANEZAKI, Y ...

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1787-1794
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1787

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Tests of post combustion of CO gas in 15 t pilot converter and 160 t and 250 t commercial combined blowing converter were carried out for aiming to improve heat balance.
And also coal injection test through top lance with post combustion system was carried out in 15 t pilot converter with bottom gas stirring.
Following results were obtained.
(1) The optimum amount of oxygen for post combustion was about 20% of total oxygen rate, and the jet angle of 3035° was desirable for obtaining the good condition of post combustion.
(2) The heat transfer efficiency of post combustion to metal bath was 70 to 100%.
Accordingly around 10% increase of scrap ratio was obtained.
(3) In the case of blasting of pulverized coal on metal surface, the heat transfer was nearly equal to the theoretical value and the scrap ratio increased in proportion to the amount of coal added.

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The Effects of C and N on Low Cyclic Fatigue Behavior of 32 % Mn Nonmagnetic Steels

Koji SHIBATA, Yasuo KISHIMOTO, Toshio FUJITA

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1795-1802
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1795

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The effects of carbon and nitrogen on the low cyclic deformation behavior of high manganese nonmagnetic steels have been investigated at a constant total strain amplitude ranging from 0.8 × 10^-2 to 2.0 × 10^-2 in ambient air by using 32% manganese steels containing up to 0.3% carbon and to 0.3% nitrogen. The trend toward fatigue softening in the steels was generally smaller than that of austenitic stainless steels, and the steels with a very low nitrogen content showed a saturation state of stress amplitude response exhibiting no fatigue softening after initial fatigue hardening, whereas the steel strengthened by the addition of 0.3% nitrogen showed remarkable softening from the early stage of the cyclic deformation. Even in the steel containing 0.3% nitrogen, an increase in strain amplitude decreased the degree of the softening and produced the saturation state. Dislocations configuration tends to be planar in the specimens showing the softening and cellular in the specimens showing the saturation state. The softening and the associated planar dislocations configuration could be qualitatively interpreted by assuming the existence of solid solution strengthening by some complexes between interstitial and substitutional atoms and the breakdown of the complexes during the cyclic deformation.

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Degradation due to Creep Deformation of 1Cr-1Mo-1/4V Steel at 550°C

Kazuhiro KIMURA, Tetsuya KISANUKI, Shyuichi KOMATSU, Takashi MATSUO, R ...

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1803-1810
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1803

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Microstructural changes and the degradation of creep resistance due to creep damage have been studied on 1Cr 1Mo-1/4V steel crept for a duration of 9 500 h at 550°C. In particular, the effect of grain boundary void on the creep resistance has been examined on the creep damaged specimens, with and without a reheat treatment.
Metallographic observations have shown three types of microstructural changes with creep deformation: (1) coarsening of the carbide that usually occurs during tempering, (2) formation of voids and cracks, and (3) remarkable recovery in the vicinity of prior austenite grain boundaries.
It is found that the extent of carbide coarsening is a little even in the accelerating creep stage, and the effect of voids on the creep resistance is negligibly small.Progressive loss of the creep resistance is shown to be closely associated with the local recovery in the vicinity of prior austenite grain boundaries.

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Development of Non Scale Technique on Slab Heating for Grain-oriented Silicon Steel

Hisao ODASHIMA, Minoru KITAYAMA, Kiyoshi TANAKA, Yasutaka SARUWATARI

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1811-1817
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1811

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Characteristics of a newly developed oxidation inhibitor composed of a refractory powder, SiO₂, SiC, synthetic mica, colloidal sillica, surface active agent and coking bond have been investigated.
When slab is exposed for a long period under rigorous heating condition which causes the slab to form slag, the grain-oriented silicon steel (3% silicon steel) coated with the inhibitor shows an exellent antioxidability as compared with non-coated steel.
In provision of coating weight of 1.5 kg/m² on the slab, the iron loss due to scale formation and slag mainly composed of fayalite (2FeO.SiO₂) is reduced to one-eightieth or one-hundredth.
The production test also shows that the inhibitor film on the heated slab can be removed completely by the subsequent scale breaker and that the steel sheets after hot rolling have surfaces without defects. In addition, a high yield of production of the rolled sheets has been obtained because of the minimum scale loss.
The thermal absorptivity and conductivity of the inhibitor film are very good, and so temperature distribution state of coated slab after heating has been nearly equivalent to non-coated slab.
Magnetically, both core loss W_17/50 (W/kg) and induction B₁₀ (T) of coated slab have been nearly equivalent to non-coated slab, too.

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Discovering New Aspects in a Japanese Sword

Tsuneo TAKAHASHI, Takeshi MURAKAMI, Senri OKADA, Norihisa FUJII

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1818-1824
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1818

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[in Japanese]

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese]

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1825-1827
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1825

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1830-1833
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1830

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese]

1985 Volume 71 Issue 15 Pages 1833-1834
Published: November 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.15_1833

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