This study aims to find out the characteristic of the inns in 23 wards of Tokyo in terms of the inbound tourism. Findings are mainly as follows; 1) About 20% of the inns, which are approximately 400 inns, provide English information to the foreign tourists. Around 250 inns among them are classified as the economical inn and most of them are located in Ota-ku or Taito-ku. 2) It can be said that English HP is a very important communication tool. 3) Most of the inns whose foreign visitors occupy 20 % of the whole have Japanese style accommodation. In addition, Japanese style facilities and service, a Westernized charge system, and good Internet facilities suggest a possibility that they could increase the number of foreign customers. On the contrary, the facilities such as bath and lavatory do not bring the difference in the foreign visitor's increase. 4) The future direction as a result will be one that changes the inns' misunderstanding, which is thought that accommodating the foreigners is difficult.

抄録全体を表示

The purpose of this study is to clarify how luxurious spaces on passenger ships have changed over the years and to determine what the factors that have caused these changes are. Analysis was conducted based on historical records, data, photos, deck plans of ocean liners and modern cruise ships and my own experience on passenger ships. The main findings are as follows; 1) The changes of luxurious spaces on passenger ships can be divided into six periods. 2) The main dining room, entrance hall, and grand staircase were symbols of social strata during the ocean liner era, but those facilities on modern cruise ships do not have the same meaning as symbols of social strata. 3) Luxurious spaces on passenger ships have been influenced by architectural trends and fashions. 4) Luxurious spaces on passenger ships have been influenced by the social and economic trends in the U.S.A., and the changes of social strata caused by the bubble economy influenced changes of construction and the meanings of luxurious spaces on passenger ships. 5) "Top Down" process of changes of the luxurious spaces pass through "Elimination" and "New-Appearance".

抄録全体を表示

High economic growth in Japan enlarged tourism demand rapidly. To deal with the demand, transportation industries such as railways and airlines introduced computerized reservation systems. The computerization in the transportation industries promoted computerization of travel agents selling tickets for transportation companies. In this study, the author classified the computerizing processes of major travel agents and their related industries by four terms which are 'Domestic Integration', 'Inter-industrial Integration', 'Integration in the Trade', and 'Global Integration', and clarified the characteristics of each term.

抄録全体を表示

The regal system of lodging business in Japan has been constructed mainly by Hotel Business Law and the Law for the Improvement of International Tourist Hotel Facilities. However the environment has been changed largely by the development of Japanese economical society. The policy that " Nation-building provides a good living habitat and a good place to visit" changes the concept of tourism and influences the lodging regal system in Japan.

抄録全体を表示

A new way of looking at a place can probably develop the forgotten olace's Dotential. This paper explores a change in the way of looking on the landscape of Biei, a Japanese Local Village in Hokkaido, which made hillside farmland into Dooular scenery during the 1980s. We examine the natures or characters of the way the landscape was viewed, and explore the factors of social background by what supported and justified a new Dersoective on the hills, in the same way that medical science can be viewed as a dominant discourse for medical viewpoint. The change which happened in Biei, was from the earlier dominant viewing of the mountains to the later one on the hills. Some social contexts of those days supported the viewpoint as a longing for such a subject. Furthermore, a photographer showed the hill as a subject on which he gazed, and people saw that the landscape was that for which they had been longing.

抄録全体を表示