It has become important to exclude adult T cell leukemia virus (ATLV) positive blood products for blood transfusion, because ATLV causes ATL, and ATLV is infected by the transfusion of ATL associated antibody (ATL-Ab) positive blood.
For purposes of massive screening of ATLV positive blood products, we improved two kinds of ATL-Ab screening method using indirect immunofluorescence assay (I. F.) and enzyme immuno-assay (E. I. A.).
I. F. which uses acetone fixed ATL cultured cells on slide glass as target cell, were performed using 50 well slide glass, multiple dispensor and serum diluter. This method increased the number of samples to be tested in a day.
E. I. A. using ATLV fixed U-plate were tested with shorter incubation time (30′) after adding test serum and alkaline phosphatase conj. anti human IgG. This rapid procedure also clearly discriminated ATL-Ab positive and negative serum for the screening of ATL-Ab.

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C-Reactive Protein (CRP) was positive in fifty-one blood donors out of four-thausand and twentyseven by screening with latex agglutination method. CRP concentrations of these positive samples were measured by laser nephelometer and the levels of IgG, IgM, C3, prealbumin and five kinds of protein called acute phase reactants were also measured by single radial immunodiffusion method. Furthermore, rheumatoid factor (RF) was tested by polystylene latex agglutination, and serum electrophoresis and blood chemical analysis were performed.
The concentration of CRP were ranged 1.0mg/dl to 21.3mg/dl and the twelve of these fifty-one showed more than 5mg/dl. Among these twelve samples, nine were abnormal values in three or more kinds of serum protein and seven showed inflammatory pattern in serum electrophoresis. The sixteen of fifty-one were RF positive, but there was no correlation with CRP concentration. GOT levels were slightly high in five of fifty-one and two of their CRP were more than 5mg/dl and the rest of three were less than 2mg/dl. In one case of fifty-one, the values of total protein and albumin were slightly low, 6.1g/dl and 3.4g/dl respectively. The CRP of this sample was 10.4mg/dl and five kinds of serum protein were abnormal and the serum electrophoresis showed inflammatory change.
From these serum investigations of CRP posivite serum, some donors though not to be quite healthy, thus, we should consider whether these donors are really healthy and the blood from these donors are good for transfusion.

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In the studies of biological effects of Red Cross Transfer Factor (RCTF), we have elucidated that the RCTF inhibited the blastic transformation of lymphocytes in vitro. It was considered that the inhibiting effect of the RCTF may be tissue-specific, but not species-spcific activity, such as Chalone. In this report we show the Chalone-like characteristics of RCTF.
The RCTF was produced for clinical use, as a Transfer Factor, in the Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Center by the method of Lawrence, et al. One vial of the RCTF powder was dissolved with the culture medium and the RCTF solution was added to the culture plates. By adding with the RCTF, the ³H-thymidine and ³H-leucine uptakes of PHA-stimulated human lymphocytes and mouse spleen cells were markedly inhibited. The RCTF inhibited also the proliferations of Molt cells, K562 cells and Raji cells in cultures. Especially, the proliferation of Molt cells was strikingly suppressed by the RCTF. Whereas, the RCTF enhanced the proliferations of BHK cells, F1 cells, KB cells and Hela cells in cultures. After the incubation of human lymphocytes with the RCTF, the cytotoxic effect of the RCTF was tested by trypan blue exclusion method. Cytotoxic effect on human lymphocytes was not observed in incubation with 24 hours, but time dependent cell death was recognized in incubation at 37°C after 48 hours.
It is considered that the inhibiting effect of the RCTF may be tissue-specific, but not species-specific activity, such as Chalone. Chalone was defined by Bullough, as a tissue-specific, but not species-specific inhibitor of mitosis. It is recognized that lymphoid Chalone which is extractd from lymphocytes, inhibits lymphocyte DNA synthesis. Lymphoid Chalones have been already used clinically for treatment of leukemia. Although we have not yet prepared Chalone, we think that the RCTF may be very similar to lymphocyte Chalone. When we use the RCTF clinically, we must study the possibility that the RCTF may affect as a inhibitor of mitosis such as lymphoid Chalone.

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To establish the optimum storage conditions of granulocyte concentrates, the effects of anticoagulants (CPD and ACD) and temperature (22°C and 4°C) on granulocyte functions were examined. Granulocyte concentrates were obtained as buffy coats from fresh blood by centrifugation. The degree of granulocytes damage was studied from cell counts, mean cell volume, morphology, chemotaxis, adhesion, spreading ability, phagocytosis, and bactericidal activity during the storage of granulocytes to 48 hours.
Cell counts and various cell functions were better maintained in CPD than in ACD, and at 22°C than at 4°C during storage. We evaluated synthetically granulocytes compatibility for storage from various cell functions. Granulocytes compatibility (%) was expressed in terms of (% cell counts × % chemotaxis × % phagocytosis × % bactericidal activity)^1/4. All these values were expressed as a percentage to fresh cells. The combination of CPD and 22°C was the most suitable for granulocyte storage. In this condition, stored granulocytes showed on the average 90% and 80% in granulocytes compatibility after 24 hours and 48 hours, respectively. On the other hand, in granulocytes stored at 4°C granulocytes compatibility significantly reduced during 48 hours to below 50% in CPD, and impaired much further in ACD.

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This paper reports a case of Gy (a-) pregnancy with anti-Gy (a-). She is a 27-year-old woman (gravida 1, para 1) with a normal child who shows no evidence of hemolytic disease. She has never received any blood transfusion before.
Her anti-Gy (a-) titer at 30 weeks of gestation was 1: 512 by indirect anti-globulin test. The auto-blood and Gy (a-) blood of her elder brother have been kept frozen for the accidental bleeding. She had a vaginal delivery with a episode of atonic bleeding of 700ml, but did not received any blood transfusion. Analysis of the cord blood showed no evidence of hemolytic disease of the newborn, with blood group 0, Rh-positive and Gy (a-).

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