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Volume 78 (2001 - 200･･･
- Issue 6 Pages 223-
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Volume 78, Issue 6
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Yoshisuke HIRAMOTO2002 Volume 78 Issue 6 Pages 223-228
Published: March 20, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe loci of the load axis at the femoral distal end were compared for specimens of Neolithic Jomon and modern periods, in which mean oblique length of the femur has been shown to differ significantly. In the present study, mean oblique length of the Neolithic Jomon exceeded that for the modern Japanese. However, mean distal end locus in either period was near the median of the lateral condyle within the bi-epicondylar width for both males and females. Differences in other morphological features of the femur were noted at the site of the condylo-diaphyseal angle. Mean condylo-diaphyseal angle for the modern Japanese was greater than for the Neolithic Jomon. For the same period specimens, mean oblique length of males was significantly longer than in females but mean condylo-diaphyseal angles and distal end loci were essentially the same. Distal end locus of the load axis within the width of the lateral condyle may be determined by the condylo-diaphyseal angle, regardless of oblique length.View full abstractDownload PDF (1204K) -
Jun NAGASAO, Kazuki YOSHIOKA, Hajime AMASAKI, Ken-ichiro MUTOH2002 Volume 78 Issue 6 Pages 229-233
Published: March 20, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlthough Mutoh et al. have found intercalated ducts in the pancreatic islets of avians, including the chicken, moorhen (Gallinula chloorpus), and Japanese quail(Coturnix coturnix japonica), and even demonstrated the functions of intercalated duct cells in pancreatic islets, to our knowledge, there have been only a few reports on the relationship between intercalated ducts and islets in mammalia. Accordingly, in this study, we investigated whether intercalated ducts are morphologically related to the islets of cattle, by using S-100 protein as a ductal cell marker for immunocytochemistry and examining the ultrastructure of intercalated ducts and islets electron-microscopically. The results revealed intercalated ducts that reacted positively for S-100 protein within and near islets, with approximately 12% of the islets having intercalated ducts in the vicinity and approximately 1.5% containing intercalated ducts within them. Ultrastructurally, intercalated ducts were also seem to be closely related to the islets. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that a close relationship exists between intercalated ducts and islets.View full abstractDownload PDF (2107K) -
Takashi SHIMOKAWA, Keiichi AKITA, Tatsuo SATO, Fei RU, Shuang-Qin YI, ...2002 Volume 78 Issue 6 Pages 235-243
Published: March 20, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDetailed dissection was performed on eight head halves of four rabbits and six head halves of three dogs in order to investigate the nerve distributions to the m. retractor bulbi. Our observations indicated that the muscle was innervated by the branches of the abducens nerve in all sides which were examined in the present study. In addition, we observed that the ventral ramus of the oculomotor nerve gave rise to branches to the m. retractor bulbi in three sides of the rabbits, and in two sides of the dogs, which suggests that the innervation pattern of the muscle is variable even in the identical species. Considering these observations, we propose that the anlage of the m. retractor bulbi is mainly composed of the anlage innervated by the abducens nerve, and occasionally the anlage innervated by the ventral ramus of the oculomotor nerve is added to it, because the anlage of the m. retractor bulbi may be formed near the border region between the anlages innervated by the oculomotor and abducens nerves.View full abstractDownload PDF (2834K) -
Hideto KAWAMURA, Tsunemasa NONOGAKI, Kazuhiro YOSHIKAWA, Masaru KIMURA ...2002 Volume 78 Issue 6 Pages 245-252
Published: March 20, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe neonatal estrogen induces morphological changes in accessory sex organs. We have reported that papillary proliferation in prostates and squamous metaplasia of the epithelium in seminal vesicle occurred and inflammatory cells have emigrated to the lumen through the stroma and the epithelium of organs from neonatal mice treated with β-estradiol 17-cypionate. In this study, we observed the different effect between neonatal DES and DES-dp on mophological changes in accessory sex organs of mice.
After 25 weeks, neonatal estrogen injections induced the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the ventral prostate and squamous metaplasia in the epithelium of seminal vesicles. It was observed that the inflammatory cells have already infiltrated into prostates from DES-dp injected mice after 5 weeks. But DES did not cause the changes in prostates. DES induced organs from a half of mice to involute and inflammatory cell to infiltrate into the epithelium. But these were not seen in organs from another half of mice. DES-dp occurred similar effect of β-estradiol 17-cypionate on the male accessory sex organs. It remained to be seen whether DES could have estrogen action on accessory sex organ.View full abstractDownload PDF (4902K) -
Hui Jing HE, Noboru GOTO, Jun GOTO, Hiromitsu EZURE, Eiji TAKAOKI2002 Volume 78 Issue 6 Pages 253-258
Published: March 20, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe found a morphological similarity in the distribution of vascular lesions in five hanging suicide brains. The overall findings on the lesions remind us of the venous origin but not of the arterial origin of the blood supply. Morphometric evaluations did not reveal any valuable conclusion. The results of this pathological research may be of cfini. cal importance for the treatment of hanging patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (2076K) -
Kazu AMIMOTO, Noboru GOTO, Jun GOTO, Hiromitsu EZURE, Ken YANAGISAWA2002 Volume 78 Issue 6 Pages 259-262
Published: March 20, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe analysed the sizes of nerve fibres in the human femoral nerve which innervates the quadriceps femoris muscles. The material was taken from 14 cadavers aged from 61 to 97 years. A linear regression analysis disclosed a significant age-related decrease of the mean transverse area of axons. Such decrease with age may be an indication of motoneuron atrophy. Our results could help in the understanding of the correlation between morphology and function during the ageing process.View full abstractDownload PDF (1313K) -
Tetsu HAYAKAWA, Akinori TAKANAGA, Koichi TANAKA, Seishi MAEDA, Makoto ...2002 Volume 78 Issue 6 Pages 263-279
Published: March 20, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe upper cervical esophagus is exerted on swallowing and peristalsis by somatic and visceral motoneurons, whereas the lower esophagus is exerted on only peristalsis by visceral motoneurons. We examined the origin of the esophageal motoneurons and whether there were any differences between the distributions of the upper and the lower esophageal motoneurons in the medulla and the spinal cord using cholera toxin subunit b (CTb) as the retrograde tracer. Following injection of CTb into the cervical esophagus resulted in heavy labeling of the neurons in the nucleus ambiguus including the compact (AmC), semicompact (AmS) and loose (AmL) formations, and the medial column of lamina IX at the C1-C5 levels of the cervical spinal cord corresponding to the spinal accessory nucleus. A few labeled neurons were found in the inferior salivatory nucleus, the rostral division of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMX), the accessory facial nucleus and the lateral column of lamina IX at the C2 and C3 levels. All these labeled neurons showed ChAT immunoreactivity. When CTb was injected into the cut end of the unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve, many labeled neurons were found in the ipsilateral AmC, the AmL, and the bilateral medial column at the C1and C2 levels. Following injection of CTb into the subdiaphragmatic esophagus resulted in heavy labeling of the neurons only in the AmC and the DMX. When CTb was injected into the sternomastoid muscle, many labeled neurons were found in the medullary reticular formation, the facial nucleus, the medial column at the C1-C3, C5 and C6 levels, and the lateral column at the C2, C3, C5 and C6 levels. Injections of a Fluoro-Gold into the cervical esophagus and a CTb into the sternomastoid muscle or the subdiaphragmatic esophagus in the same animal showed many double labeled neurons in the medial column of the accessory nucleus at the C1 and C2 levels, but no double labeled neurons in the AmC. These results indicated that the upper cervical esophagus is innervated by the visceral medullary vagal motoneurons as well as the somatic spinal accessory motoneurons. The lower esophagus is innervated only by the visceral medullary vagal motoneurons.View full abstractDownload PDF (6414K)
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