農業気象
Online ISSN : 1881-0136
Print ISSN : 0021-8588
ISSN-L : 0021-8588
12 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の13件中1~13を表示しています
  • 丸山 栄三, 山本 祐三
    1957 年 12 巻 4 号 p. 121-124
    発行日: 1957/03/31
    公開日: 2010/02/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to study the microclimate of small concave ground in different size, subjected to the seasonal variation of the temperature, the authors placed maximum and miumum thermometers provided with small screen shelters at 10cm above each of artificial neary cincular ground and the flat bare ground as the standard plot (see Fig. 1). And observation are made from April 1953 to February 1954. The maximum air temperature in all concave grounds always show unexpectedly much warmer than in the flat ground, if the weather condition is fine, and it become much warmer with the decresing diameter, so far as the diameter ranges between 5 to 1 meter.
    On the other hand the nocturnal air temperature in the concave ground is much colder than on the standard plot, especially it becomes very cold in winter, being acumlated cold air at the bottom of the concave ground.
    It is seen from Fig. 2, that the nocturnal air temperature in the concave grounds becomes much colder with increasing diameter.
  • 丸山 栄三
    1957 年 12 巻 4 号 p. 125-127
    発行日: 1957/03/31
    公開日: 2010/02/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    The thermal constants of soil are well known to be influenced by the water content. But their relations are not exactly determined. Patten obtained those relationship by his excellent experimental researches. His experimented soil was however comparatively of dry state, so that those results can not be applied to such soil as the author's.
    The method employed in this study is phsical one. The soils examined were two sorts of soil, e.i loam and the mixture of loam and clay. And their conductivity, thermal as well as of temperature, specific heat and specific volume are determined in relation to their water content.
    The apparatus as shown in fig. 1 consists of a brass cylinder in which soil puts, its surrounding cooling jacket containg ice and water, and three thermocouples are inserted to soil at three separate points (see fig. 1, 2, 3).
    The equation of the heat conduction of soil in the cylinder is
    -Cρ/K∂θ/∂t=1/r{∂θ/∂r+r∂2θ/∂r2}…… (1)
    The temperature derivatives respectivly to distance from the center of the cylinder, as well as to time are represented approximately by
    δθ/∂r=θ12/Δr123/Δr2/2=θ13/2Δr=θ13/4…… (2)
    2θ∂r212/Δr123/Δr2/Δr1+Δr2/2=θ1-2θ23/2/4/2=θ1-2θ23/4…… (3)
    ∴ -Cρ/KΔθ/Δt=1/8{3θ13-2θ2}…… (4)
    Where θ1, θ2 and θ3 are soil temperatures at three different points off from the center.
    The seciffc heats of the soil are obtained by using another applicance —a calorimtter— and a thin rubber sack water-tightly packed with soil of known moisture content.
    The results obtained are shown in fig. 3.
  • 川俣 稔, 築島 安宏, 佐藤 虎雄
    1957 年 12 巻 4 号 p. 128-130
    発行日: 1957/03/31
    公開日: 2010/02/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    The experiment on the effect of shelter-hedge for the growth of uplandrice against typhoon was carried out at summer, 1955. The hedge whose height was 250cm was made from woods round by sweetpotato stems, and the screening ratio was 80%.
    The results obtained is as follows;
    (1) The half velocity zone reached at about 7 times the hedge height.
    (2) At the above zone the soil temperature was a few heigher than at the standard zone and the yield was also superior.
  • 中原 孫吉, 田原 虎次, 中沢 宗一
    1957 年 12 巻 4 号 p. 131-134
    発行日: 1957/03/31
    公開日: 2010/02/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    In the summer of 1954, we have continued our experiments on the farm irrigation programs using an uplandrice at the field of Tokyo Uuiversity of Agriculture and Technology. Although disturbed by bad weather conditions prevailed in the early summer and typhoons in the September, we have get the results to demonstrate some effects on the farm irrigation and also the differences of soil moistures and soil temperaturs by plots as shown in Table 1 and 2.
  • 山崎 寿, 西村 国男, 山田 欣次
    1957 年 12 巻 4 号 p. 135-137
    発行日: 1957/03/31
    公開日: 2010/02/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    光線の明るさと柞蚕蛾の産卵との関係について実験を行い, 又黎明時における日光の明るさの変化状態を調査して次の結論を得た。
    1) 20Lux以上の明るさは柞蚕蛾の産卵を抑制する。20Luxは1部を不産卵蛾とし, 30Luxは大部分を不産卵蛾とし, そして40Luxは全個体を不産卵蛾とする。
    2) 黎明時の日光の明るさは, 時間の経過と共に急速に増加し, 黎明から20分~30分後において柞蚕蛾の産卵を抑制する程度に達する。
  • 1957 年 12 巻 4 号 p. 137-137,144
    発行日: 1957/03/31
    公開日: 2010/02/25
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 4. 穂波上の乱流輸送現象
    井上 栄一
    1957 年 12 巻 4 号 p. 138-144
    発行日: 1957/03/31
    公開日: 2010/02/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    Surveying the existing theories on turbulent transfer above the earth's surface the author has pointed out that the following relations are considered most reasonable for the vertical distributions of wind velocity U, air temperature Θ, humidity E and CO2 concentration C and also for the turbulent fluxes of heat L, water vapor Q and CO2 P:
    U/V*=2.303/klogz-d/z0-αgL/ρCpΘV*3(z-d),
    Θ-Θ0*=2.303/klogz-d/z0-αgL/ρCpΘV*3(z-d),
    E-E0/E*=2.303/klogz-d/z0-αgL/ρCpΘV*3(z-d)
    and C-C0/C*=2.303/klogz-d/z0-αgL/ρCpΘV*3(z-d);
    L=ρCp(U2-U1)(Θ12)/{2.303/klogz2-d/z1-d-αgL/ρCpΘV*3(z2-z1)}2,
    Q=(U2-U1)(E1-E2)/{2.303/klogz2-d/z1-d-αgL/ρCpΘV*3(z2-z1)}2
    and P=(U2-U1)(C1-C2)/{2.303/klogz2-d/z1-d-αgL/ρCpΘV*3(z2-z1)}2.
    The empirical constant α has been found to be within the range from 0.6 to 3. The friction velocity V*, friction temperature Θ*, friction humidity E* and friction concentration C* are respectively related to the turbulent fluctuations in corresponding elements.
    Making use of the above relation the author presents an aerodynamical method of estimating the rate of photosynthesis of vegetations. Preliminary results of this method applied to a paddy field have been presented and it seems that these results are considerably promising and encouraging for its further application.
  • 中原 孫吉, 田原 虎次, 中沢 宗一
    1957 年 12 巻 4 号 p. 145-147
    発行日: 1957/03/31
    公開日: 2010/02/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    We have made further experiments in the winter season of 1953 after our former one on lots shown Fig. 1 to analysis the significant difference of baido types and the frequeecy of baids operations with special reference to the types of sowing.
    From our experiments, the effect on the yield of wheat by the lots of round sowing, as shown in Fig. 2 has been recognized.
  • 藤川 隆, 岡留 善次郎, 宇都宮 務
    1957 年 12 巻 4 号 p. 148-150
    発行日: 1957年
    公開日: 2010/02/25
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 日下部 正雄
    1957 年 12 巻 4 号 p. 151-154
    発行日: 1957/03/31
    公開日: 2010/02/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    The author estimated the potential evapo-transpiration from the observed air temperature, and calculated the water balance at Fukuoka. We can suppose that the amount of water surplus which was obtained above calculation, is the amount of effective precipitation. Monthly amount of effective precipitation is shown in Table 1. Table 2 shows the fluctuation of effective precipitation (1890-1955).
    The amount of effective precipitation in the function of the amount of actual precipitation, evapo-transpiration and soil moisture storage. The relation between the amount of effective precipitation and actual precipitation is the most closely. The relation between them is shown in Table 3 and Fig. 1.
    When the monthly total of precipitation and evapo-transpiration of two months are the same, as the daily amount of them are different, the monthly amount of effective precipitation should be differ. But we should not greatly error, if we assume the monthly calculated data as the actual amount of effective precipitation. The difference between the monthly data and the total of the daily data is shown in Table 4. Table 5 and Fig. 2 show the relation between monthly data and total of daily data.
  • 大後 美保, 能勢 朝夫
    1957 年 12 巻 4 号 p. 155-156
    発行日: 1957/03/31
    公開日: 2010/02/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    From the standpoint of applied meteorology, it is a very important problem to decide the area to which the amount of a rainfall at a weather station is applicable.
    In this paper the authors try to decide the area and shape of the regions where the amounts of a rainfall by a front or typhoon differ from those observed at several stations in the Kanto district by less than ±10, ±20 or ±30%.
    And the following results are obtained.
    1) Fig. 1 shows the variation of shape in the applied area.
    2) Fig. 2 shows the relation of the applied to the rasio of permission.
  • 佐賀測候所
    1957 年 12 巻 4 号 p. 157-158
    発行日: 1957/03/31
    公開日: 2010/02/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    The relation between the rainfall of various districts and the typhoon is settled by the position and the track of typhoon.
    The rainfall of various districts as a rule when the typhoon exists southwards from the line of the 28th degree of the north latitude.
    The rainfall of Mitsuse is nearly doubles of Saga as Fig. 1 when the typhoon passes the west or north side of Saga.
    The rainfall of Mitsuse is about eleven fold of Saga as Fig. 2 when the typhhoon lands in the southern end of Kyushu and then progresses to north-north-eastwards or the typhoon passes the east of Miyazaki and then progresses to northwards.
    But the rainfall of Mitsuse is only thrice when the typhoon lands in the southern end of Kyushu and then progresses to northwards.
  • 福田 仁志
    1957 年 12 巻 4 号 p. 159-160
    発行日: 1957/03/31
    公開日: 2010/02/25
    ジャーナル フリー
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