巻号一覧
47 巻 (1991 - 1992)
- 4 号 p. 217-
- 3 号 p. 151-
- 2 号 p. 83-
- 1 号 p. 3-
47 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1～7を表示しています
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原薗 芳信, 申 建友, 劉 新民, 李 勝功1992 年 47 巻 4 号 p. 217-224
発行日: 1992/03/10
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーIn order to clarify the mechanisms of desertification in semi-arid areas, we measured micro-meteorological characteristics at both a sand dune plot and a vegetation plot in the Hulun Buir Sandy Land, located in the eastern part of the Inner Mongolia, China, in October 1990. The following results were obtained.
1) The thickness of the boundary layer over the dune was more than 5m during night time, and less than 1.5m in daytime, which creates strong shear atress on the dune surface, thus allowing sand to jump away easily and preventing the growth of vegetation.
2) The moisture vapor pressure at 2.5m height was higher than that at 0.5m at the dune, therefore the downward transport of vapor was measured in the mixing layer over dune even though it was daytime.
3) Albedo at the dune was about 40% and that at the vegetation was about 15%. The net radiation, Rn over the dune of 2.95MJ/m2 was much smaller than that over the vegetation which was 8.08MJ/m2.
4) The diurnal share of heat budget components was much different between the dune and vegetation. About 70% of Rn was spent for latent heat, lE, 20% for soil heat, G, and 10% for sensible heat, H, at the vegetation, while at the dune H shared 81%, G shared 29%, and the missing of 10% was supplied by lE from the atmosphere.
5) In the nocturnal share of the heat budget, G was almost equal to Rn at the vegetation, but at the dune Rn was supported by 50% by G, 14% by lE and 26% by H.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1126K) -
星 岳彦1992 年 47 巻 4 号 p. 225-232
発行日: 1992/03/10
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーAn extended fuzzy control software was designed to perform environmental control to save developing cost and debugging labor. In the software, the control know-how was represented as graphs with some phrases, named CIC operators (CIC: Correlation between Intention grade and Control setpoints). The graphs represented correlation between intention grade of environmental control and each greenhouse environmental condition. The phrases represented explanations of the control aim using the graphs and control messages for changing the environmental conditions. A score of control achievement was denoted by a minimum intention grade using the graphs in the time of environmental conditions. Then, the software tried to control the environment condition giving the minimum intention grade. The goal of software is to get the perfect score of control achievement.
The control software was applied to simulation test for a greenhouse heating control. The results showed that the software could control the greenhouse inside air temperature using the three CIC operators to satisfy average setpoint, changing rate setpoint and minimum setpoint. Showing the phrase of the CIC operator and the present value of the greenhouse environment condition having the minimum intention grade could help the software developers and growers with understanding the software operation. The results suggested the possibility of a new high performance environmental controller.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1020K) -
青野 靖之, 小元 敬男1992 年 47 巻 4 号 p. 233-240
発行日: 1992/03/10
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーBlooming dates of Rhododendron kaempferi, Wisteria floribunda and Hydrangea macrophylla are estimated by accumulating so called DTS (the number of days transformed to standard temperature). The estimated blooming dates are the day when the accumulated value of DTS at the station under consideration reaches the predetermined value. The day from which accumulation starts (Ds) is determined by means of a sort of trial and error approach, by varying both the starting date and the temperature characteristic Ea, which is used to convert air temperature to DTS. Both the most appropriate Ds and Ea differ from station to station. However, in this study as well as other previous studies, the value Ea to each species is assumed to be a constant to all stations. In this study, the values of Ea are, 54.4kJmol-1 for R. kaempferi and W. floribunda, and 33.5kJmol-1 for H. macrophylla. The blooming dates are computed at 20 stations for R. kaempferi and W. floribunda, and at 9 stations for H. macrophylla.
It is shown that despite the large range of starting dates for accumulation of DTS, i.e., 8-70th day from January 1st, the root mean square errors (RMSE) for R. kaempferi fall within a relatively small range, i.e., 1-4 days in Tohoku and Kanto districts, and 2-6 days in warm regions of western Japan. It appears that the larger errors in estimated blooming dates in warm regions are due to imcomplete transition of the rest break in unusually warm winters. The starting dates for accumulation of DTS for W. floribunda and H. macrophylla are relatively late, i.e., 40-60th day, except for Tohoku district. Ds for W. floribunda almost coincides with the time when the bud break occurrs. Fairly good results are obtained for blooming dates of W. floribunda with RMSE ranging 1-5 days. However, rather poor results are obtained in estimating blooming dates of H. macrophylla for which range of RMSE are found to be 3 to 7 days.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1127K) -
川方 俊和, 矢島 正晴, 守谷 孝志1992 年 47 巻 4 号 p. 241-244
発行日: 1992/03/10
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーWe made two types of tube light sensors, one is a continuous type, and the other is a discrete type. These sensors enable us to measure a mean photon flux density in a crop canopy, so it is possible to predict the growth and the yield of the crop.
In this study, we introduced these tube light sensors, and compared distribution of the output voltage. The variation of the continuous type was much smaller than that of the discrete type.
We calculated the standard deviation and the coefficient of variation of the output voltage, when some light spots shone on these sensors randomly. These values of the continuous type were about from one eighth to one ninth times as large as those of the discrete type. We indicated that the continuous type was much stable.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (386K) -
アメリカ農学会1991年大会報告桜谷 哲夫1992 年 47 巻 4 号 p. 245-248
発行日: 1992/03/10
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (509K) -
内嶋 善兵衛1992 年 47 巻 4 号 p. 249-250
発行日: 1992/03/10
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (285K) -
耕地気象改善研究部会1992 年 47 巻 4 号 p. 251-253
発行日: 1992/03/10
公開日: 2010/02/25
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (443K)
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