In the Second World War, Japanese Govemment has tightend the political control of cultural institutions.
　In these circumstance, Mr. Kunizô Nakada (then, Director of the Japan Library Association) has eamestly insisted a doctrine that the librarians must actively encourage the reading of books among the masses. This doctrine acquired the majority opinion. Mr. Kunitada Shibuya raised a opposition against such argument.
　This essay has analysed this controversy and its influence upon the Post War Japanese librarians.

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　In 1822, five years after the Meiji Restoration, the Ministry of Education established the Shojaku-kan, the National Library of Japan, at Yushima in Tôkyô.
　Just before that, Ichikawa Seiryû, a govemment official of the Ministry of Education, presented a memorial to the Minister that he should establish a National Library open to the public as a reference library. Also Ichikawa described in detail the administration of the British Museum Library in London which he had previously visited. The memorial was so effective that the library was established. This is a well known fact in the history of Japnese libraries. However, we did not know anything about Ichikawa Seiryû.
　In 1976, I wrote an article about him and described him as Ichikawa Wataru, one of the servants of a member of the Japanese Embassy to Europe in 1862. He wrote an account of the trip. Sir Emest M. Satow, a member of the Embassy of Great Britain in Japan, translated it into English. The title was “Diary of a member of the Japanese Embassy to Europe in 1862-1863, a confused account of a trip to Europe, like a fly on a horse's tail.” The Chinese and Japanese Repositry, which serialized the article, discontinued in December, 1869, because the firm went bankrupt, and one third of the account was not printed.
　The account was not published in printed book form in Japan. It was read by means of transcribed copies. We can now find eight copies listed in the Union Catalog of Old Books in Japan. I have seen all of them and do not believe, however, that they are in his hadwriting. The British Library has a copy also which was obviously written by Ichikawa himself and sent to the Library by Sir E. M. Satow in May, 1874. At the end of this copy, Ichikawa wrote two Japanese poems beautifully in a postscript, and it shows that he belonged to the Chikage-ryû school of Katô Chikage, one of Japan's famous calligraphers.
　At first, Ichikawa's forename was Akira or Wataru. After 1870 he changed his forename to Seiryû. Also he had the pseudonymous names Baizan, Baizan-ufu, and Ôha. There are a few books which use only his pseudonyms.
　From 1870 on, just after the Meiji Restoration, he became a petty official of the Miinistry of Education. His job was the proofreading of textbooks. According to another authority, it also meant writing for woodcut block printing. We can find his name as a proofreader of several books published by the Ministry of Education.
　There are five or six books with the preface written by Ichikawa at that time. He wrote several books for young adults to study Japanese history, edited a dictionary of personal names, and also a few dictionaries of clsssical Chinese in Japanese. Ichikawa was the publisher of twelve or more volumes of books other than his own works. At that time, the publisher had to apply to the Ministry of Education for permission to publish a book, so the publisher would ask officials of the Ministry to be publishers to get permission easily.
　In 1867, Ichikawa published a word book of English for beginners. It contained 1470 words, nouns only, with Japanese translations and pronunciations with Kana-Japanese phonetic signs. He tried to add an illustration for each word, which he found difficult. In 1872, he published it again with illustrations, even for abstract nouns. It is a very interesting book. I do not know when he leaned English.
　His last work was a small dictionary of classical Chinese quotations in the fall of 1878. We do not know th date of his death.
(Please check the PDF for all the contents)

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　In the first place, starting from LC MARC, the author traced the evolution of MARC fromats and compared the structure and content designators of 8 major existing MARC exchange formats.
　Analyzing the main structure of those formats, strong correlation of main divisions of bibliographic fields with various cataloging principles are observed.
　At the moment, implementation of so-called Common Communication Format and development of MARC transformational grammar are strongly requested.

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　The Aim of this study is to examine the journals of SSCI-JCR 1978, comparing with several journal ranking lists, an annotated journal list and three indexes in economics.
　And we find the followings.
　1. The numbers of journals of SSCI-JCR 1978 in economics are rather few, especially comparing with two indexes-“JEL” and “Kiho”.
　2. 93% of the journals in economics are written in English. Even in developing countries, the journals in other languages are few.
　3. The journals of U. S. A. occupy 54%, on the contrary those of the Third World are very few.
　4. The ranking of SSCI-JCR 1978 is similar to the other surveys of economics journals, which were made in the U. S. A.: the journals of theoretic economics, econometrics, statistics, and finance are ranked high. The journals outside of the U. S. A. and those of developing countries are ranked low.
　5. SSCI -JCR 1978 reflects the present state and interests of the economic societies of U. S. A.，but it does not reflect those of the economic societies of the world.
　6. Theoretical journals in economics occupy for the most part, and the information journals are rather few.
　7. Owing to the citation numbers, some important journals in economics are not included in SSCI-JCR 1978.
　8. The percentage of the new economic journals are rather high, and their ranks by impact factor are higher than those by times cited in 1978.
　We can conclude that the journals of SSCI-JCR in economics have to be improved more.

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