Since the latter half of the 1970s, it seems that children's librarians have sought a philosophy of children's librarianship, and stressed services to under three-year-old children and their parents.
The history of public library services for children may be divided into four periods. The first is the pioneer period (1876-1934). Public library services for children developed along with the growth of public schools. The idea and the way of serving was established. In the second period (1935-1956), children's librarians faced a social change when school libraries began to be founded. Being combined with the school, the role of children's librarians became blurred so they tried to identify their particular role. The third (1957-1974) was the period that extended their services to the community, linking it with the educational policies. They served the gifted, the disadvantaged and the handicapped children. The fourth is the present period (1975- ). They are confronted with financial difficulties and realize the necessity of an evaluation of, and research on, library services for children, in order to demonstrate the reason of existence of their work.
Today, the problem of computer literacy needs to be focused upon. It will be interesting to observe in which direction public library services for children will advance.

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The Hu-nan Provincial Library (Hu-nan T'u-shu-kuan 湖南図書館) is said to be the first modern public library in China. The original Hu-nan Provincial Library was established in 1904, and completed as a public library in 1905. Then the Governor of Hu-nan (Hu-nan Hsün-fu 湖南巡撫) Tuan Fang (端方) sent an envoy to Japan, and ordered Huang Ssu-ai (黄嗣艾) to study Japanese library affairs. The result is reported in Jih-pên t'u-shu-kuan tiao-ch'a ts'ung-chi (日本図書館調査叢記). Based on the investigation, Huang proposed the Ohashi Library (大橋図書館) of Japan as a model. In fact, the regulations of the two libraries have much in common. After that, the Hu-nan Provincial Library seems to have been closed for a short time from the confusion of the Ch‘ang-sha rice riot (Ch'ang-sha ch'iang-mi 長沙搶米) of 1910 to the Revolution of 1911 (Hsin-hai ko-ming 辛亥革命), but was revived in 1912.

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This report presents both the interrelation among methods of user study and the organization of foreign journals of biotechnology in agricultural chemistry.
It is based on the results of three methods of research, i.e. citation analysis, questionnaire analysis and analysis of the use of copy service. Comparison and synthesis of the above three studies have provided significant results. The following points should be mentioned.
1. All three studies group core journals on the same biochemical journals (Anal. biochem., Biochemistry and Eur. J. biochem).
2. As next core journals both the secondary journals (Biol. abstr., Chem. abstr.) and general journals (Science, Sci. Am.) are grouped by the questionnaire analysis based on the interdisciplinary character of this field. Specialized journals (Acta biol. med., J. mol. biol. metabolism) are grouped in the analysis of the use of copy service because of the specialized character of this field.
3. According to the results of 1. and 2. above, at least three methods, i.e. citation analysis, questionnaire analysis and analysis of the use of copy service are needed for a complete analysis of use in an interdisciplinary field.
4. Synthesizing the three results, core journals of this field are grouped on existing journals, esp. biochemical journals.
5. The above result (4.) indicates that biotechnology in the field of agricultural chemistry up to now could not exist independently.
6. Comparing these results with the results from such complex fields as agriculture, medicine and pharmacology, chemical and biological journals are used far more frequently in this field.
7. Because of the short time span of ten years of this interdisciplinary field, only some types of use are represented, i.e. consistent core journals, increasing specialized journals, decreasing European specialized journals and irregular faculty furnished journals, and they indicate the tendencies of use in this field.

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