図書館学会年報

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　This paper analyzes and evaluates the National Diet Library List of Subject Headings (NDLSH), 3rd ed., forcusing on its format and structure.
　Firstly, the NDLSH is compared with the Library of Congreee Subject Headings, 8th ed., in terms of formats of headings, “see” and “see also” references, and notes. The results show that there is a great difference in the structure between the two lists.
　The NDLSH's two distinctive features, lack of “see also” reference and the presence of a classified subject heading list (BUNRUI TAIKEI-JUN), are subsequently examined by means of the headings in the “Education” field, in order to determine the feasibility of substituting the latter for the former.
　The conclusion is that the substitution of the classified list for the “see also” reference is too imperfect. In other words, the NDLSH is only an alphabetically arranged list of terms representing the subjects of books without providing an adquate syndetic structure.
　In view of the NDLSH employed in Japan-MARC and NDL printed cards, and catalog users' needs for more effective subject search, whether manual or automated, it is necessary to improve the system and to make up for the defects pointed out in the paper.

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　The old Sophia classification system which was made locally to accomodate a small collection some 50 years ago became obsolete and inadequate. A better and more detailed classification system was needed to satisfy the growing and changing collection. After two years of studies and debates on various classification systems to choose the one which meets our requirements most, we decided on the two classification systems: NDC for Japanese language material and LC for foreign language material. The utilization of printed cards with NDC and LC numbers will not only cut down the cost of cataloging greatly, but also it will speed up the availability of materials for users. At the same time we tak into account the possible computerization of technical processes through Japan and LC MARCs in the future.

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　Automation activities in Japanese public libraries have been developing rapidly since 1973, when the first automated circulation system was introduced in a public library in Tokyo. The present state, characteristics, and problems of Japanese public library automation was surveyed by questionnaire. Also, some libraries and system providers (data processing companies) were interviewed to get detailed information.
　The characteristics found are as follows:
　1. Most systems were developed by commercial companies.
　2. Many of the older systems have data processed off-line by commercial companies. But, gradually more systems process data on-line in-house.
　3. Circulation control was the major work automated in earlier systems, and the automation of other works, especially that of cataloging, has just begun.
　4. The privacy of users is well protected.
　5. Some systems have developed networks among branches and bookmobiles, but there are no networks among library systems as yet.

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