This paper intends to describe where the library and information science education in China is, and to indicate what problems it has.
The paper consists of three parts. First, the author traces briefly the history of the library science education in China for about seventy years, and then examines particuraly its development since 1978. In order to make the situation better, problems to be solved are considered in the final part.
Before 1978, the development of the educational system for library science had been very limited, because of political movements and social insecurities. Therefore, the library science education in China had fallen behind developed countries.
Since 1978, however, there has been a lot of improvement in this area. The number of educational institution for library and information science as well as the number of students enrolled has increased constantly. Now, librarians and information specialists trained in several forms of library and information science education work throughout the country.
On the other hand, problems occured with the great increase of library and information science institutions. Among them, the regional imbalance of availability of professional education and training, the inadequate ditribution of professional staff, the quality and size of teaching staff, the organization of curriculum and publishing of teaching materials are pointed out and some feasible ways of solving these problems are presented.

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To make this study comparable and applicable to the similar phenomena in any historical times of any societies, the author set up the 2 fundamental social functions, which are indicated in the form of logical equations—1) Reading Circles: R (readers, books), and 2) Library Activities: R (Bookkeepers, readers, books). All the elements comprising the equations are given a character that each of them evolves, indipendently as well as affecting each others, in accordance with the development of a society, but its substance is not changed in any way. The author pointed out that in the 18 century of Britain, Reading Circles, taking the form of “book clubs”, were prevailing among the gentry and a lot of the book clubs swept the country. In this sence such a phenomenon can be named “the Movement of Reading Circles”, which was followed by the library movement in the form of the establishment of a lot of the subscription libraries in the latter part of the century.
Studying the cases of Russia in the 19 century, the author reached the following conclusions:
(1) The typical form of the Movements of the Reading Circles emerged in the 20's of the 19th century in the process of the activation of the social reform movement by “Dekavlists”. Who put the activities of the Reading Circles in the center of the reform movement.
(2) ln the activities of illegal libraries emerged in the 80's of the century, a combination of the Movement of the Readidg Circles with the library movement took place, as in the 18 century of Britain. The supporters and promoters of the Movement are people of laboring class, lacking those of peasant class, Such a situation affected decisively the course of the development of the Movement of the Reading Circles as well as that of libraries after the birth of Soviet Russia in 1917.

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Des bibliographies nationales courrantes officielles représentent l'indice du niveau de culture des pays, puisq'elles se proposent toutes d'enregistrer la production imprimée de leurs pays respectifs et sont envisagées des statistiques à cet égard. L'origine de celles-là est la “Bibliographie de la France” qui est fière des traditions de 180 ans à peu près. Mais son avènement a été preparé de long main. A la fin du 18^e siècle, certaines bibliographies courrantes étaient essayées par des libraries à mesure que des productions typographiques s'étaient multipliées. Le “Journal typographique et biblipgraphique” de P. Roux, libraire parisien, a parû en 1797，dont le titre a été changé en “Journal général de l'imprimerie et de la libraire”, continué par Pillet, selon le Décret du 5 février 1810. Et d'après le Décret d'Amsterdam en 1811, cette bibliographie devint officielle sous le titre de la “Bibliographie de I'Empire français”，mais qui devint la “Bibliographie de la France”，que nous connaissons bien aujourd'dhui, à la suite de l'Empire. Donc nous examinons d'abord (1) des bibliographies nationales courrantes précédentes et des aieux de la “Bibliographie de la France” et (2) des circonstances de sa naissance. D'autre part, nous pouvons retrouver la correlation étroite entre sa naissance et le système de la réglementation, du contrôle et de la censure des métiers du livre sous le Premier Empire. En fait Napoléon attachait la plus grande importance à la surveillance de la production imprimée. Donc nous examinons ensuite (3) la réglementation d'édition après la Révolution françaises et (4) le Décret du 5 février 1810 et Direction de la librairie et de l'imprimerie. Enfin nous examinons (5) quelques remarques sur la “Bibliographie de la France” dans sa première période.

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