The relationship between nasal air flow and pulmonary ventilation was investigated by the methed of nose and lung scanning. Radioaerosol of ¹⁹⁸Au-colloid was made through ultrasonic nebulizer and inhaled from nose during 1 to 3 minutes.
The nose scintigrams of the cases with intact nasal passage showed high concentration of radioactivity at the both nasal orifices, but no marked evidence of radioactivity in the paranasal sinuses. In the cases with unilateral nasal obstruction, decreased radioactivity was observed clearly at the nasal orifice on the obstructed side.
Inhalation lung scans, not only in the case with intact nasal passage, but also in the case with unilateral nasal obstruction, revealed an uniform deposition of radioactivity throughout the both lung fields. When radioaerosol was inhaled lying on one side, in the case with intact nasal passage as well as in the case with unilateral nasal obstruction, larger amount of radioactivity was deposited in the inferior lung than in the superior, that is, the ventilation of the inferior lung was greater regardless of unilateral nasal obstruction.

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The bronchial dynamic findings were studied in patients with bronchial asthma and dogs with model of asthma using bronchography, bronchoscopy and pulmonary function study in non-attack and attack periods.
Varous abnormal findings, most of them showed constriction, were obtained on bronchography in attack periods and the abnormalities were somewhat different from each other according to the types of asthma, but some changes were observed in non-attack periods.
The abnormal findings were correlated with FEV _1.0.
Typical asthmatic condition was produced in dogs by the inhalation of histamine, acetylcholine or methacholine. It was very similar to the clinical findings of asthma.
Various bronchial changes in the dogs with model of asthma were observed in process of time.
There were a little difference among the effects induced by each drugs.

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It is well noted that treatment of laryngeal webs is fundamentally simple. Followings are the steps that have been widely employed.
1. Resection of webs.
2. Set of a plastic plate between the vocal cords to avoid recurrence of webs.
3. Removal of the said plastic plate after complete reepithelization of the vocal cords.
These surgical steps are usvally carried out through the laryngofissure or under direct laryngoscopy. However, results of these procedures are not always notable clinically or phonetically as very fine surgical manipulations are always required in these steps mentioned above.
It is, therefore, very reasonable that an attempt was made to perform these procedures under endolaryngeal microscopy. Actually, in our clinic, 15 cases of the laryngeal webs were successfully treated using the technique of endolaryngeal microsurgery from January, 1966 to December, 1972.
The results of analysis of phonetic examinations and long term follow-ups apparently indicate that this method employed by us is clearly valuabe for the treatment of laryngeal webs.
In the present paper, the outline of the method was demonstrated, and the results obtained were clinically discussed.

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We could fortunately remove the foreign body (a drawing pin) from the main bronchus of normal side lung of the case that has almost lost the function of opposite side lung.
But it would be not always possible to remove it. It desired that the forceps must be improved and that the method of anesthesia must be discussed.

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For the dilation of the anastomotic stoma after esophageal replacement, the new dilator was deviced. The distal part of this dilator was movable up to 60° with the manipulation of the proximal end. The dilator was made of the spiral wire and had some flexibility and strongness enough to dilate the cicatrical stenosis. The manipulation of the dilator was taken under the fluoroscopic examination. It was not combined with esophagoscopy. Often the stoma was not straight to axis of the esophagus. Manipulating the distal part of the dilator to fit the anastomotic stoma, then the dilator was passed through the anastomotic stoma.
To dilate the severe stricture, the electric-coagulator was used. Under observation by the esophagofiberscope, the small sized electric-coagulator was fitted to the stenosing portion through the biopsy channel of the fiberscope. After this the dilator was used to maintain the enlarged size.

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This is to report a case of recurrent foreign bodies in the esophagus with achalasia which was thought to be a predisposing factor.
The boy had lodged, at first instance, a bulk of paper in the esophagus at 5 months old and at second, a seed of loquat at one year and 3 months old, and at third and at two years and 11 months old respectively. Each of the foreign bodies was lodged in the same location of the esophagus.
The wall of the esophagus showed no organic change, but fluoroscopic examination showed typical findinges of achalasia.

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