An apparatus for the measurement of cough was devised. It consisted of a volume displacement body plethysmograph, Krogh spirometer, hot wire flow meter, and transducer for the esophageal pressure. A slower response of the volume displacement body plethysmograph than the pressure plethysmograph was compensated by “pressure correction” as suggested by previous authors. A semi-conductor transducer was used to measure pressure changes in the box. A mixing circuit of the output signal from the plethysmograph with that from the pressure transducer of the box was easily built since both signals were direct current.
Simultaneous measurements of V_BOX and V_ATPS showed new aerodynamic aspects in expirations. V_BOX represented volume changes of a subject in the box while V_ATPS actually expired air from the mouth. A disagreement of V_BOX and V_ATPS meant at least in part the intrathoracic compression of the air and pulmonary structures.
As previously reported, a cough movent was divided into three phases. These were the inspiratory, minimum flow, and expiratory phase. The minimum flow phase corresponded to the period when the glottis was tightly closed. The intrathoracic compression was most manifest during this phase. Favourable effects of this compression on the cough mechanism were suggested from analyses of the data.

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It is not until 1911 that Brünings found injection treatment of use for the correction of paralytic dysphonias. The advancement of the Brunings technique was not primarily with an improvement in technique itself but with the development of new injectable materials.
It is well known that silicone is one of recommendable materials to be employed in the Brünings technique. Paracordal injection of silicone results in narrowing of the glottis. The voice can be considerably or even completely restored by this method thanks to reduced expiratory air consumption.
As paracordal injection is thought one of functional therapeutic procedures, it is very reasonable to employ laryngostroboscopic procedure in this method in order to examine the vibratory pattern of the vocal cords.
In this study, Brünings technique was laryngostroboscopically carried out for the first time. The author, hence, demonstrated that excellent restoration of the voice is due not only to narrowing of the glottis to reduce the air consumption, but also to obtaining nearly normal vibratory pattern of the vocal cords after injection of silicone.
In this paper, the technique of silicone injection under laryngostroboscopy through the operation microscope was demonstrated and discussed from the viewpoint of analysis of stroboscopic vibratory patterns and phonetic examinations.

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Microsurgery of the larynx has been widely performed on many larygeal lesions since the precise operation is practicable through the operating microscope. Experienced in more than 1300 cases in clinic, this is believed the most effective operative procedures.
The study of the postoperative results, however, revealed that excellent restoration of the voice is not always obtained in the case of polypoid vocal cords in comparison with vocal polyps, vocal nodules or the like. This fact let the author make an attempt to devise new surgical procedures to be employed in microsurgery of the larynx for the treatment of polypoid vocal cords.
Recent histopathological or histochemical study showed that, in the case of polypoid degeneration of the vocal cord, epithelium of the vocal cords is usually unaffected.
This new surgical procedure, hence, is carried out without removal epithelium of the vocal cords. Excision of the epithelium was longitudinally performed on the almost midline of the vocal cords. And then, pathological mucous substances under the epithelium were just removed by suction.
It should be emphasized that this procedure is performed without removal any epithelium. In addition to that, from the author's histochemical study it seems most likely that tnis procedure might stimulate the mechanism of healing pathologic conditions as shown in polyps, polypoid degeneration or the like.
In this paper, this new surgical procedure was reported and discussed from the viewpoint of histopathologic study and postperative phonetic results.

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In regard to the forein body in airway, there have been a few published case reports and statistical observation. We recently experienced one case in whom chemical depositions were found in airway.
The patient, who is a chemist working at the laboratory, came to our hospital with cough and sputum. The chest roentgenogram showed no specific change. However, the bronchcsccpic study clearly demonstrated cristal depositions in airway especially around bifurcation. These were identified as aminc-compounds which the patient has used daily for his research. After partial removal of depositions, cough and sputum have reduced apparently.

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A 69 year old male patient complaining of mild dysphagia was examined by X-ray which showed no gross adnormalties. The esophagoscopy, however, ravealad a small reddish swelling at 1.5cm below the esophageal introitus. The biopsy from this area exhibited squamous cell carcinoma.
The Cervical esophagotomy which was performed subsequently disclosed no lymph node metastasis in the neek nor tumor formation recognizable in the scar tissues where the biopsy had been taken. The examination also of the frozen section from the lesion failed to show malignant cells in the partially resected section of the cervical esophagus.
The esophagoscopic examination with biopsy was found to be a useful method for detection of an incipient cancer of the esophagus.

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