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Volume 38 (1983 - 198･･･
- Issue 6 Pages 887-
- Issue 5 Pages 817-
- Issue 4 Pages 741-
- Issue 3 Pages 667-
- Issue 2 Pages 581-
Volume 38, Issue 6
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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The mortality rate from cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases and the eicosapentaenoic acid and arachidonic acid ratio in the blood of the inland- and coast-dwellers in JapanMiyako Omoto, Toyomune Sawamura, Hiroshi Hara1984 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 887-898
Published: February 29, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been established that dietary habits play an impotant role in terms of the incidence of adult diseases. For example, Eskimos who eat mostly fish have an extremely low incidence of thrombotic disease in comparison to Danes who eat large amounts of meat. Dyerberg et al. reported that such differences derived from the differences in the fatty acids contained in these foods. Omoto and her study group have likewise demonstrated experimentally that fish intake can change the composition of fatty acids in blood, increase bleeding time, and inhibit the blood platelet aggregation due to arachidonic acid and collagen. To provide epidemiological data for Japan, the present authors have made studies on the fish intake for coastal and inland dwellers and determined the composition of fatty acids in their blood. The mortality rates from cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases were obtained from statistics by the Ministry of Welfare.
(1) Coastal and inland areas in Chiba-ken, Ibaraki-ken, Fukushima-ken, Iwate-ken, Niigata-ken, and Shimane-ken were selected and the standard mortality ratios (SMR) for cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral apoplexy, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and ischemic heart disease were calculated separately for men and women. It was assumed that in coastal regions the fish intake would be great and in the inland regions, significantly less. Relations between fish intake and SMR would be shown.
(2) With a few exceptions, the cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and cerebral apoplexy SMRs were lower for both males and females in coastal than in inland areas.
(3) The ischemic heart disease SMR was lower in inland areas for males in three prefectures surveyed and for females in two prefectures.
(4) Fish intake and the composition of fatty acids in blood were calculated for persons in three prefectures. The fish intake was very low for the inland-dwellers and that for the coast-dwellers was very high giving a large difference between two areas in terms of fatty acid composition. Eicosapentaenoic acid content was very high in the coastal group.
(5) In the case of cerebrovascular diseases, there was a significant negative correlation between each SMR and fish-eating population.View full abstractDownload PDF (1323K) -
Masayosi Nakagawa1984 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 899-908
Published: February 29, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Transmission of train vibration to the human head in residential houseTakeo Nakagawa, Katsumi Yamanaka, Fumio Kobayashi1984 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 909-913
Published: February 29, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVibrations from the Shinkansen, an express which runs at 100-200kph and which creates 74-86dB were measured on the head of one subject in the residential house by a method using tooth impression, in order to determine its applicability as a method of measuring environmental vibration in field conditions. In doing so, transmission of vibrations to the human head could be examined.
The results were as follows;
1. From 16 to 63Hz, there was a high correlation in vibration acceleration level between the tooth impression and the tatami mat, suggesting that the responses of the head to vibrations are linear between 45dB and 75dB.
2. The vibration response curve was similar to those previously obtained on different days in different locations using identical methods, confirming the reliability of tooth impression method as a field measure.
3. When the body is supine, vibration acceleration level of train on the tatami mat increased in the frequency range 31.5-63Hz on human head for the forward-back direction (X).View full abstractDownload PDF (530K) -
Masayuki Ogawa1984 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 914-922
Published: February 29, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study attempts to find suitable regression equation to predict of body density from anthropometric indices. Multiple regression and factor analyses were applied to measured body density and other anthropometric indices such as height, weight, girths and skinfold thicknesses (SFT). The data from one hundred and eleven male college students were used. Of these students, 76.6% were atheletic sports players. Body density was calculated on a body weight and a body mass which measured by an underwater weighing in the swimming pool. Main findings are as follows;
1. The factor analysis variables were age, height, weight, body density, girths of chest, waist, buttocks, upper arm and thighs, and SFT of triceps, subscapular, lateral of the abdomen, front of the thigh and calf. The eigenvalues of factors one to three were over 1.0, and accounted for 76.1% of the cumulative contribution rate (coefficient of determination). Factor one indicates body size in relation to body build and muscular development. Factor two indicates subcutaneous fat on extremities, and factor three trunk fat. Factor loading of body density was highest for the latter two factors.
2. Stepwise multiple regression analyses to estimate body density gave subscapular SFT for the first, chest girth for the second, lateral abdomen SFT for the third variable. The remaining variables were calf SFT, girths of buttocks and waist, age, front thigh SFT, weight, upper arm girth, height, thigh girth and triceps SFT. Chest and buttocks girths and body weight were considered variables in the present regression equation. The second variable for chest girth is a result which differs significantly from those previously reported.
3. The multiple linear regression equation is
Yc=1.004045-0.000668⋅X1+0.000481⋅X2-0.000473⋅X3
where X1 is subscapular SFT, X2 is chest girth, and X3 is lateral abdomen SFT. Body density estimates using this equation by 0.054 (21.1%) more accurate if the coefficient is used as the guideline.View full abstractDownload PDF (973K) -
I-Quartz grain size and the α-β transformation temperatureShinji Akashi, Takeshi Sasaki, Tadashige Mori, Kiyoshi Takeoka, Masaru ...1984 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 923-927
Published: February 29, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVery fine grains floating in the air are recognized on the human respiratory tract deposits, but past studies have only considered the size of inhaled grains with aerodynamic properties as the focus of concern. However, fine grain reactivity and changeable surface should be understood if there is to be clarification of the effects to the respiratory tract. In this paper, three kinds of finely grond quartz were classified by thermal analysis, and the relationships between α-β transformation temperatures, energies and grain sizes were observed using DTA curves.
Pure α-form quartz was ground into three powder types containing grains 1.5μm, 1.0μm and 0.5μm in mode diameter. The relationship between grinding time and mode diameter is given as the following equation:
d=3.7925-0.7213lnt
where d denotes mode diameter (μm) and t grinding time (in hours). α-β transformation temperature and energy were found to depend on grain size. Transformation temperature and energy required increase when finer grains are used. Transformation energy was 1.92cal/g at 572.5°C with 1.5μm, 2.2cal/g at 577°C with 1.0μm, and 2.47cal/g at 578°C with 0.5μm quartz powders respectively. The following equation shows the relationship between α-β transformation energy and grain size.
Q=2.4764-0.5500d
where Q denotes transformation energy (cal/g) and d mode diameter (μm). These finding suggest that the finer quartz has higher surface activity and reactivity, which may, in turn, cause more serious effects biologically within the deeper regions of the respiratory tract.View full abstractDownload PDF (479K)
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