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Volume 31 (1976 - 197･･･
- Issue 6 Pages 637-
- Issue 5 Pages 575-
- Issue 4 Pages 477-
- Issue 3 Pages 393-
- Issue 2 Pages 331-
Volume 31, Issue 6
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Masakazu Kawai, Hideo Maruta, Kiichi Ueda, Ken-ichi Tojyo1977 Volume 31 Issue 6 Pages 637-643
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was designed to evaluate the teratogenetic and reproductive effects of Di-isopropyl naphthalene or Di-arylethane isomer which are being used as substitutes for PCB in the dye stuff solvent in noncarbon paper. The compounds were administered to pregnant mice during six days from the 7th through the 12th day orally by a stomach tube at the dose levels of 192mg/kg and 19.2mg/kg of Di-isopropyl naphthalene and 198mg/kg and 19.8mg/kg of Di-arylethane isomer. And pregnant mice in the second mating period were not treated.
Fetuses form both mating period were removed by cesarean section at the end of the gestation period. Offsprings of both generations were maintained for 42 day safter birth.No effects attributable to the administration of both compounds were observed in parental body weight, survival rates, pregnancy and reproduction data, and in newborn growth data.
Datas obtained from fetuses removed by cesarean section did not reveal any findings which would indicate that both compounds are fetal toxic or teratogenetic when administered to pregnant mice.View full abstractDownload PDF (927K) -
Hirokadzu Kodama, Norihisa Kawamura, Hideo Ota1977 Volume 31 Issue 6 Pages 644-651
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simple and rapid method for the determination of PCB in human milk and blood using and Improved Essencial Oil Distillator has been developed. The analytical procedure is as follows: 5.0g of sample was put into a boiling flask and then 5ml of 5N-KOH solution and 50ml of refined water were added. The Improved Essencial Oil Distillator was connected with the above flask and distilled for 1hr or 2hrs. After distillation, the n-heptane layer was collected in a small test tube, then 0.1g of activated Florisil was added, stirred for 10sec. and used for gaschromatographic analysis.
Organochlorinated pesticide residues, which inhibited PCB analysis, were treated with alkaline degradation and Florisil adsorption, but PCB decreased only about 5% by this procedure. The recovery rates of PCB added to human milk and blood were 87-93% and 88-105%, res pectively. The comparison of the standard method with this method showed a good result. The merits of this distillation method were low cost, easy procedure in a short time and a good repeatability.View full abstractDownload PDF (903K) -
Tadahiko Shimizu1977 Volume 31 Issue 6 Pages 652-656
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe automobile traffic in Osaka City, Japan, is extremely heavy in recent years. According to an estimate by the administrative organization in 1970, the hydrocarbon output by automobiles in Osaka City (205.6km2) reached 49, 786 tons per year. Therefore, there is a risk of automobile drivers being severely contaminated with air pollutants. A statistical study was therefore made of the cause of deaths of automobile drivers residing in Osaka City during the period of 1963-1967, and also in 1970. Selected as controls were people engaged in other occupations in the same city during the period of 1965-1967. The followings were found by the study.
1) Of a total of 353 deaths, excluding those from accidents, poisoning and suicide, malignant neoplasms accounted for 33.4%, while the neoplasms accounted for 28.3% of the deaths of the control subjects.
2) The classification of the rates of deaths according to the sites of malignant neoplasms disclosed that the death rate from malignant neoplasms of the lymphatic and hematopoietic systems of automobile drivers was 1.6 times as high as that in the control group, and the death rate from lung and liver cancers in automobile drivers was 1.5 times as high as the counterparts in the control.
3) The classification by age disclosed that malignant neoplasms of the lymphatic and hematopoietic systems accounted for a high rate in those under thirty, lung cancer for a high rate in the 40's, and liver cancer also for a high rate in the 40's and the 50's, as compared with their counterparts in the control: thus, there was a tendency for the predilected site to vary according to age group.
4) The classification by the type of occupation showed that the death rate from malignant neoplasms was high in truck drivers and taxi drivers.
5) The noticeable death cause besides malignant tumors was liver disease, the death rate from which was 1.3 times as high as that in the control group.
6) These results emphasize the need for a more intensive research on the etiological factors.View full abstractDownload PDF (637K) -
Katsuyuki Nakajima, Tetsuro Yamanishi1977 Volume 31 Issue 6 Pages 657-661
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of mouth breathing was studied for the protective method against noxious gas exposure, especially at the sudden accidents with no protective tools.
Ventilatory functions of 22 healthy male volunteers, aged 18 to 36, were examined. The studies were made in normal, nasal and mouth breathing with the bicycle ergometer method.
Oxygen uptake and heart rate per minutes was not significantly different among three different breathings. But respiratory frequency and ventilation volume in mouth breathing showed higher values than those in nasal breathing. This resulted the ventilatory equivalent higher in mouth breathing compared to that in nasal breathing (p<0.05).
The result indicated that the respiratory function in normal or nasal breathing was more efficient among the volunteers than that in mouth breathing alone. This shared the same results with those of mice and rats studied under noxius gas exposure. Possible mechanisms and the application for men were discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (705K) -
Sumiko Abe1977 Volume 31 Issue 6 Pages 662-678
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPlasma samples of Yusho patients and ordinary persons were analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB). The extraction and cleanup of the plasma were performed basically with the method which Jensen had reported with some modifications.
PCB were detected in all of the 762 plasma samples. PCB concentrations in plasma of Yusho patients ranged from 3 to 47ppb in Fukuoka, from 2 to 57ppb in Goto, and those of ordinary persons ranged from 2 to 9ppb in Fukuoka, from 2 to 30ppb in Goto. The mean levels of the patients (9.3ppb in Fukuoka, 14.4ppb in Goto) were higher than those of ordinary persons (4.2ppb in Fukuoka, 8.8ppb in Goto). The majority of Yusho patients showed a peculiar peak pattern in gas chromatogram of plasma PCB, and the PCB concentrations were at high levels in most cases. But PCB in plasma of 15% of the patients were not different from those of ordinary persons both in concentration and in peak pattern. Regional difference and sex difference in PCB concentrations were found. Several ordinary persons with high levels of PCB, over the mean level for patients, were found in Goto. In addition, the peak patterns of PCB in Goto residents were a little different from those in Fukuoka. The children under 15 years old had lower levels of PCB than the older people. Residue levels in plasma seemed not to have varied significantly from 1972 to 1975.
The investigation suggests that PCB still remains in Yusho patients eight years later since the accident, but regarding the concentration, some ordinary persons would have the same degree of PCB in their plasma as patients at present. The following reasons are assumed for the peculiar peak pattern to patients.
1) KC-400 were deformed by heating before were administered.
2) Patients administered a great deal of PCB.
3) Metabolic rates of indivisual PCB compornents are different.View full abstractDownload PDF (2373K) -
Hisanori Nagata, Taiko Mizukami, Misaka Aruga, Kiyoshi Ishigure, Tadas ...1977 Volume 31 Issue 6 Pages 679-686
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn each group of boys or girls in every school year of primary schools and junior high schools in Kyoto city, the joint distribution of height and weight was investigated based on the data in April 1976, and the distribution was compared with that in 1966.
The arithmetical means and standard deviations of height and weight, the correlation coefficient between height and weight, and the regression coefficient of weight on height were calculated (Table 1). Besides, the median, 10th and 90th percentiles of weight distribution in every group of height (1cm in width) were calculated to note the characteristics of the joint distribution more clearly (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Table 2).
In every group of boys or girls in every school year, the arithmetical means of height and weight, and the standard deviation of weigth in 1976 were greater than those in 1966. But the differences between 1976 and 1966 were negligible as for the correlation between height and weight, and the regression coefficient of weight on height.
For boys in the school year from the second to sixth in the primary school, and for girls in the school year from the third to sixth in the primary school and in the first school year of the junior high school, the median, 10th and 90th percentiles of weight corresponding to the same height were almost the same in 1976 and in 1966, for every group of height.
For boys in the first school year of the primary school and for girls in the first and second school year of the primary school and in the third school year of the junior high school, 90th percentile of weight corresponding to the same height was greater in 1976 for relatively tall children. For boys in every school year of the junior high school, 90th percentile of weight corresponding to the same height was greater in 1976 for every group of height. However, for these groups of school children, the median and 10th percentile of weight corresponding to the same height were almost the same in both years.
For girls in the second grade school year of the junior high school, the median and 90th percentile of weight corresponding to the same height were greater in 1976 for relatively short children. The difference of the form of the joint distribution between 1976 and 1966 seemed to suggest the acceleration of growth since 1966.View full abstractDownload PDF (1015K) -
Yasuyo Asano, Sachiko Yoshimoto, Shingo Katsuno, Kunihiro Sakamoto1977 Volume 31 Issue 6 Pages 687-692
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn analysis was done on the trend of relationship of deaths from tuberclosis with deaths from cerebrovascular, neoplasm and heart disease separately in the period of 1902-1973 in Japan by using the ecologic model for competition with each other.
The results obtained were as follows:
1) There was a close relationship between the decreasing trend of deaths from tuberclosis and the increasing trend of deaths from neoplasm, cerebrovascular, and heart disease separately.
2) The trend of the relationship between deaths from neoplasm and from cerebrovascular disease is gradually increasing to the equilibrium point and it seems that it will decrease after that point.
3) On cross-sectional observation in the period of 1935-1955, the prefecture that had the higher rate of death from tuberclosis had a tendency to have the lower rate of death from cerebrovascular disease and neoplasm.
4) In 1973, it seemed that the prefecture that had the higher rate of death from cerebrovascular disease was also had the higher rate of death from neoplasm.View full abstractDownload PDF (631K) -
(2) Effects of High Ambient TemperatureKoichiro Fujita, Setsuko Tsukidate, Makoto Katayama, Masakazu Kikuchi1977 Volume 31 Issue 6 Pages 693-702
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe influence of high ambient temperature on the immune response was studied in mice following a single injection of sheep red cells and following results could be obtained.
(1) Mice acclimatized to 33°C or 35°C for 3 weeks produced the same splenic PFC and HA and HR activities as mice kept at 25°C. However, immune responses of the mice acclimatized to 36.5°C were significantly suppressed throughout the whole immunological course.
(2) Transfer of mice from 25°C to 33°C ambient temperature just after immunization caused an acceleration in immune response; number of PFC increased in the initial phase of the immune response but decreased in the productive phase as compared to control. In the cases of mice transferred to over 35°C ambient temperature, however, the serum antibody levels as well as a number of PFC were depressed remarkably throughout immune response.
(3) In the case of the mice transferred from 33°C to 25°C just after immunization, the number of PFC was apt to be suppressed in the initial phase, but increased in the productive phase of immune response. HA and HR activities of these mice were, however, apt to be suppressed throughout immune response. HA response of the mice transferred 35°C to 25°C was also apt to be suppressed, but the number of PFC of the mice transferred 36.5°C to 25°C was inclined to be higher than control throughout immune response.
(4) Temperature shift from 25°C to 33°C or 33°C to 25°C resulted in a corresponding increase or decrease in HA and HR activities as well as number of PFC. Influence of temperature shift was observed most conspicuosly in the case of the shift from 25°C to 33°C 3 days before immunization and in the shift from 33°C to 25°C 1 day before immunization respectively.
(5) The effect of repeated heat (36.5°C) or cold (8°C) exposure on the immune response could not be observed clearly.View full abstractDownload PDF (1174K) -
An analysis of the risk factors for lung cancer by a case-control study, especially on the aspects of air pollution, occupation and smoking habitsHiroji Esaki, Cheng-Po Chang1977 Volume 31 Issue 6 Pages 703-710
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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