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Volume 32 (1977 - 197･･･
- Issue 6 Pages 691-
- Issue 5 Pages 613-
- Issue 4 Pages 529-
- Issue 3 Pages 429-
- Issue 2 Pages 353-
Volume 32, Issue 5
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Toyoho Tanaka1977 Volume 32 Issue 5 Pages 613-623
Published: December 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe author studied fifteen retinopathy cases for the purpose of finding the sociomedical problems involved therein. Retrospective interviews with the families were the main sources of information. The items on the list for interviews included the obstetric histories of mothers, the conditions of mothers during their pregnancies related to retinopathy infants, the conditions of mothers during the deliveries related to the infants, medical care provided for the infants, the present conditions of the infants, the knowledge of the families about retinopathy of prematurity, etc.
The results of the interviews prompted the author to particularly investigate the conditions of mothers during their pregnancies related to the infants, the obstetric histories of mothers and the explanations from the medical personnel on the cases to the families.
The conclusions are as follows;
(1) All cases were preterm low birth weight infants and it was noted that twelve cases out of fifteen had evidently one or more risk factors of preterm delivery which were preventable.
(2) The total pregnancies of all the mothers were 46; natural abortions and preterm deliveries were 31, artificial abortions 3, and full-term deliveries 12. Among them 14 natural abortions and preterm deliveries, 2 artificial abortions and 4 full-term deliveries were experienced before the infants with retinopathy were born, and 2 natural abortions and preterm deliveries, one artificial abortion and 8 full-term deliveries were experienced after the infants with retinopathy had been born. That is, after the infants with retinopathy were born the rate of full-term delivery in total pregnancies was higher than before the infants with retinopathy were born.
(3) It was revealed that in all cases the explanations from the medical personnel on the cases to the families had been ill-timed and/or inappropriate.View full abstractDownload PDF (1494K) -
Kunihiro Sakamoto, Shingo Katsuno, Sachiko Yoshimoto, Hiroshi Kinoshit ...1977 Volume 32 Issue 5 Pages 624-629
Published: December 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn epidemiological survey was made on the relationship between dietary salt intake and the incidence rate of hypertension with 295 women inhabitants of a rural area in Hyogo.
The results are as follows:
1) The incidence rate of hypertension in N area was 1.5 times as high as that in J area in all age groups.
2) Measured with Na/Creatinine ratio in urine used as the index of daily salt intake, the ratio value of N area was 1.5 times higher than that of J area. This result is very suggestive of the possible relationship between the amount of salt intake and the incidence rate of hypertension.
3) The median value of systolic blood pressure of the higher salt intake group whose Na/Cr ratio was over 300 showed a value of about 10mmHg higher than that of the lower salt intake group whose Na/Cr ratio was less than 300, in 30- and 40-year-old groups, but no difference was observed between them in the older age groups. It seems that the effect of excessive salt intake on blood pressure is observed at a relatively early age.View full abstractDownload PDF (565K) -
Shingo Katsuno, Sachiko Yoshimoto, Kunihiro Sakamoto, Hiroshi Kinoshit ...1977 Volume 32 Issue 5 Pages 630-641
Published: December 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDistribution of serum DBH activity, which seemed to be an index of sympathetic nervous function and its relation to blood pressure were examined with a large population of subjects in rural areas of Hyogo Prefecture.
The results obtained were as follows:
1. The distribution of serum DBH activity in normal persons showed lognormal type and the normal range was 8∼102I.U. in females and was 8∼75I.U. in males.
2. The level of serum DBH activity decreased slightly with age and the level of the activity in females was significantly higher than that in males.
3. No regional difference was observed in the level of serum DBH activity.
4. The level of serum DBH activity in the groups of females in their thirties, forties, and sixties tended to increase correspondingly to the increase of blood pressure in the normal range of blood pressure below 150/90mmHg and rather to decrease in the range of blood pressure 150/90mmHg and over.
5. No significant difference in the level of serum DBH activity was observed between the group of essential hypertension and the group of normal persons. Further, the patterns of distribution of serum DBH activity in the hypertensive groups were similar to that in the group of normal presons.
6. A significant correlation between serum DBH activity and blood pressure was observed in the group of normal persons in their forties and in the group of those in their fifties of essential hypertension. On the other hand, those who had higher level of serum DBH activity (DBH≥70I.U.) showed higher blood pressure at each age than those who had lower level of serum DBH activity (DBH<15I.U.) in the normal range of blood pressure.
These results suggest that the level of serum DBH activity causally affects the level of blood pressure and its effect may be to elevate blood pressure up to the critical point of hypertension, 150/90mmHg.View full abstractDownload PDF (1277K) -
Shinobu Takashita, Katsushi Yokota, Osamu Sakaguchi1977 Volume 32 Issue 5 Pages 642-649
Published: December 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRespiration and enzyme activities of Geotrichum candidum showing filamentous phase in bulking sludge was examined in comparison with yeast-like phase.
1) RQ value of endogenous respiration in F phase cells for the early period was slightly greater than that of Y-like phase cells, but considerable differences were not observed between both phases. NaN3, CH2ICOOH strongly inhibited the endogenous respiration of F phase cells.
2) The dissolved oxygen (DO) consumption of G. candidum on various substrates was generally greater in Y-like phase cells than in F phase cells, and there was, in particular, a remarkable difference of DO consumption when the organism was grown in the medium added with amino acid such as glycine, alanine and arginine. As3+ and Hg2+ showed almost equal inhibition on pyruvate oxidation in both phase cells, but Cu2+, Pb2+, CN- and HCHO inhibited strongly the respiration of Y-like phase cells.
3) On enzymes of Leucine aminopeptidase, Alcohol dehydrogenase, G-6-P dehydrogenase and Glutathione reductase, except 5'-Nucleotidase, F phase cells showed high activities. Acid phosphatase (PMase) in cells of Y-like phase showed a marked lower activity than in F phase cells. However, Acid PMase in cell free extracts from Y-like phase showed opposite results.
4) Acid PMase was activated by the addition of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Ba2+, and it was noted that the activity was markedly accelerated by Pb2+ and Cu2+ Mo6+ and W6+ showed complete inhibition by the activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (1096K) -
On the Single Births, by Prefecture and RegionHiroaki Kahyo, Toru Doi, Keiko Higa, Susumu Ohsawa1977 Volume 32 Issue 5 Pages 650-659
Published: December 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study we investigated the secular trends in the mean birth weight of the single births by prefecture and region, using the vital statistics of the Japanese government, and then compared the mean birth weight of single births with that of total births (including the single and multiple births) reported in the previous paper (Ref. 1).
The mean birth weights and their standard deviations of each available year (1969-74) were computed by sex and by prefecture and region (Table 1∼2).
The ranges, the means and their standard deviations of the differences between the mean birth weight of single births and that of total births in each year were computed by sex, by prefecture and region (Table 3). During this period the ranges of the former differences were 8gm. at the prefectural level, 4gm. at the regional level when both sexes are combined. The means of the differences were almost constant, with 8gm. in males, and 8-9gm. in females at the two areal levels and the standard deviations of the differences were very small, 1.1-1.7gm. at the prefectural level and 0.5-1.2gm. at the regional level.
All other results presented in Table 1∼7 and in Fig. 1∼2 showed quite similar patterns in comparison with those of total births reported previously.
In conclusion we wish to emphasize that it would be possible, at least at the prefectural and regional level, to assess the secular trends of the mean birth weight of the single births from the data of the total births quite accurately, taking into consideration the constant differences of 8gm. in males, and 8-9gm. in females.View full abstractDownload PDF (1317K) -
Shiro Adachi1977 Volume 32 Issue 5 Pages 660-670
Published: December 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStatic and dynamic analyses were used for investigating the acute relationship among acute respiratory disease, meteorologic condition and air pollution. Daily incidence of the disease was obtained from the records of the National Health Insurance regarding those who lived in two small areas in Tokyo where air monitoring stations were located. Reliability of the incidence estimated was proved by a preliminary study.
After eliminating the variations due to day of week, stepwise regression analysis revealed consistent relation of temperature to the incidence and a spectral analysis showed the probable chain connecting them to be a second-order differential system analogous to protection taken against temperature spell. Dermal disease as a control showed no relation to air pollutants.
Among pollutants, only NO and its associates showed a relatively constant relation to the incidence. A spectral analysis indicated that the incidence associated with the change of NO but not with NO itself, which was not contradictory to regression analysis because NO, NO2, NOx or Oxidant were entered when the lag varied.
A further study will be needed to modify the probable error due to deviation from ‘true’ date of disease occurrence or unsuccessive air measurement, to specify the most probable agent among nitrogen oxides and to determine which is more effective, average or peak concentration.View full abstractDownload PDF (1454K) -
Adsorption of acetaldehyde on porous adsorbentsSeiki Tanada1977 Volume 32 Issue 5 Pages 671-676
Published: December 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe amount of acetaldehyde adsorbed and the rate of adsorption on 20 kinds of adsorbents were examined at 30°C. Activated carbon No.11 was the most suitable adsorbent for the removal of acetaldehyde because of its higher adsorption capacity and faster rate of adsorption. The fact that Dubinin equation can be applied to adsorption isotherm of acetaldehyde indicated that adsorption of acetaldehyde in micropore resulted in volume filling. It was considered that the amount of acetaldehyde adsorbed on adsorbents was determined by their pore volume at radii of less than 10.5Å rather than by their pore volume in the range of radii of 6.5 to 300Å.View full abstractDownload PDF (587K) -
II. Geographical distribution of mortality for the major cause in TokyoToshiteru Okubo, Shiro Adachi, Toshio Toyama1977 Volume 32 Issue 5 Pages 677-686
Published: December 30, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous study the authors investigated the utility of the areal division by the grid square method applied to the geographical distribution of cancer mortality in Tokyo. In the present study, we intended apply it to major causes of death and extended areas which have larger variations in population density. To smooth the variation of confidential intervals of death rates, some grid square areas are grouped into one area. When the expected number of deaths is less than five, the grid square areas are made into one unit to the extent that the expected number is up to five. As a result, 1126 original grid square areas are reproduced to 341 new combined areas. The maximum number of original areas in one combined area is 63 and the average is 3.3. Inspection of the geographical distribution for the various causes of death reveals some differences in the patterns of mortality. However, some patterns are similar and may be grouped into two categories:
1. high rates in the western area, rural and/or hilly, and in the eastern area, industrial, but generally low rates for middle zone, residential; all causes, apoplexia, pneumonia or bronchitis
2. a cluster of high rates in central Tokyo; cancerView full abstractDownload PDF (7885K)
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