民族衛生
Online ISSN : 1882-868X
Print ISSN : 0368-9395
ISSN-L : 0368-9395
61 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1~6を表示しています
  • 野原 忠博
    1995 年 61 巻 5 号 p. 247-248
    発行日: 1995年
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 青木 繁伸, 川田 智之, 鈴木 庄亮, 佐藤 和雄, 宮川 泰一, 羽生 育雄, 藤田 萬里子, 一場 美根子
    1995 年 61 巻 5 号 p. 249-260
    発行日: 1995年
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Risk factors of death were assessed from the personal data of the dead and the survivors, total 2, 934 subjects, who had undergone a public mass adult health examination ten years ago in the three villages in Kanto area in Japan. Age of the subjects at the time of the health examination was 40 years or more and averaged early fifties. Number of cases observed are 1, 299 males and 1, 705 females. One hundred and seven males (8.7%) and 73 females (4.3%) died during the ten years of observation period. Cox's proportional hazard model was applied to the data, which revealed the three factors: age at the health examination, systolic blood pressure, and smoking habit, were significantly related to the mortality risk of males. The hazard ratio increased to 1.7 at 110 mmHg of systolic blood pressure or more against 1 .0 at average blood pressure level. The BMI showed no significant relation to the mortality risk, though the lower BMI showed rather the higher mortality risk. When the cancer death in male was picked up, the hazard ratio was related significantly to the age at the health examination, drinking, and smoking habits. Hazard ratio of the smoker was 11.3 or over compared to the non-smoker, whereas that of the drinker was 3.3 or over compared to the non-drinker. The mortality risk of all causes of death in females was significantly related to the age at health examination, diastolic blood pressure and the BMI. The hazard ratio increased to 2.4 or more at 110 mmHg of systolic blood pressure or more against 1.0 at average blood pressure level. The lower the BMI, the higher was the mortality risk of females. The highest risk factor was the age at the health examination, in the three analysis: total cause of deaths in male and female, cancer deaths in male. Estimation of the death probability for the 10 years from the same data using multiple logistic model revealed similar results to those by Cox's proportional hazard model. The range of the estimated risk of death of the three death groups was classified into ten classes and calculated the number of the expected deaths, which were closely related to the observed number of deaths. The highest risk class of all causes of death in male produced 24% of death rate, and that of male cancer deaths and female all causes of death produced both 13% of death rate.
  • Agustiah Tri-Tugaswatil, 鈴木 庄亮, 桐生 康生, 川田 智之
    1995 年 61 巻 5 号 p. 261-275
    発行日: 1995年
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
     インドネシア共和国ジャカルタ市の大気汚染状況は,クルマの急増によって悪化しつつある.本報では,浮遊粒子状物質,鉛,および大気中二酸化窒素について報告する. 対象はジャカルタ市とその周辺で,市の人口は826万人(1990年国勢調査),1980~1990年の平均年人口増加率は2.42%である.市内に大工場はなく,鉄道も発達していない.車登録台数は,1982年1,120万台,1992年1,912万台である.二酸化窒素の測定は,柳沢・西村のフィルター・バッジ法によった. 1992年の大気中平均浮遊粒子状物質は0.15mg/m3,鉛は1μg/m3前後であった.また戸外の一日平均こ二酸化窒素濃度は,市の中心で30~40ppb,市の中心のややはずれで20~30ppb,市の境界で10~20ppb,そして市の周辺市で5~15ppbであった.東京都区部の40ppb前後と比べやや低い値である.家屋内外の一日平均二酸化窒素濃度差では,市内外26地点のうち3地点は屋内のほうが高く,鉄筋コンクリート造りのホテルでは,逆に屋内は屋外の約1/4であった.その他は屋内外同レベルであった.一定点における二酸化窒素濃度の週日変化を市内のホテルの窓の外(高さ8m,道路から70mの距離)で10日測定したが,最高は火曜日の32.6ppb,最低は日曜日の16.8ppbであった.イスラムの正月Idul Fitriにも同様の測定を実施したが,正月は約10ppbで,正月の翌週の月~ 金曜日はおよそ15~25ppbであった.正月のクルマ通行台数はその前後と比べて約1/4であった. 以上,ジャカルタ市の二酸化窒素濃度は東京都心のそれと比べやや低く,逆に浮遊粒子状物質濃度などは高かった.エンジンの燃焼効率の悪いクルマの多いことが要因として考えられる.交通量の少ない日は二酸化窒素も低く,主要な発生源がクルマであること(64-73%)が確かめられた.
  • ―観察方法と食事摂取スタイル―
    斎藤 やよい
    1995 年 61 巻 5 号 p. 276-284
    発行日: 1995年
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Eating Style of 166 healthy male volunteers (42.7±9.3 yers old) was observed indirectly by Video tape recording (VTR observation) in the search for the characteristic Japanese eating style "HAYAGUI" (eating more rapidly). The meal with same content (757 kcal, 580 g in weight) has taken unrestrainedly in all subjects without changing eating place. Subjects characteristics, meal duration, amount of food, mouthfuls, chews, pause duration, and rates of food consumption per 30 seconds were observed by played back tapes. Six types were classfied in changes in the rate of food consumption, and the six types combined into three eating styles, regardless of similar meal duration. The analysis of variance for hunger, thirst, fullness and other subjective factors rating immediately before and after the meal have shown no signif icances among 3 styles. The most impressive eating style was "Zenhan-type" (25.9% of all subjects), which was characterized by higher rate of food consumption (above 10% of which food per 30 seconds) during the first half and more chewing than other types.
  • 松平 敏子, 安里 龍, 新城 澄枝, 王 銘富, 山本 茂
    1995 年 61 巻 5 号 p. 285-297
    発行日: 1995年
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    In August, 1988, 13 healthy old women of the average age of 84.3 ± 2.2 in a welfare home for the aged, who could manage their own daily lives, were surveyed for their nutrient intake. The home is a inexpensive private one, located in Icity of the southern area of Okinawa main island. 1. The body composition of the subjects was 141.2 ± 7.4 cm for height, 48.6 ± 7.8 kg for weight and 24.4 ± 3.1 for the body mass index (BMI). Compared to the national average values, the height and weight were not significantly different, but BMI was higher, with 4 persons considered at risk of obesity. 2. The nutrient intake was 30.1 ± 4.8 kcal/kg for energy, 1.2 ± 0.2 g/kg for protein, 6.9 ± 1.2 g for the NaCI equivalent amount, 28.4 ± 5.6 g for animal-total protein ratio, 15.6 ± 1.3% for the protein-energy ratio, and 26.7 ± 2.6% for the lipid-energy ratio. 3. Comparing the amounts taken from the food groups to those of the Kagawa's proposition, those of the pulse and the meat of animal, poultry and fish were not significantly different but those of the cereals, oil and lipid were higher, and those of the eggs, milk and milk products were lower. 4. Among the amounts of nutrients taken, the amounts of food groups consumed, and the blood pressures, there were found significant correlation coefficients in some combinations.
  • 劉 景瑜, 田中 茂穂, 林 敦玉
    1995 年 61 巻 5 号 p. 298-303
    発行日: 1995年
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Using 6 skinf old thicknesses (triceps, subscapular, abdomen, suprailiac, anterior thigh, posterior calf) measured by B-mode ultrasound technique, subcutaneous fat distribution was assessed and percentage of body fat was measured by near infrare spectroscopy in 55 Chinese adult males in Fuzhou aged from 20 to 40 years. The results are as follows: 1. Subcutaneous fat distribution pattern is the same as the reports that subcutaneous fat is the thickest in abdomen and the thinnest in limbs . Compared with studies of American and Japanese, the subcutaneous fat of Chinese males was thicker in suprailiac and posterior calf, and thinner in subscapular. 2. Percentage of body fat or total body fat was moderately positively correlated with skinfold thickness.
feedback
Top