In recent years, it has been reported that many persons with a history of poliomyelitis developed secondary worsening referred to as ?gpost-polio syndrome (PPS)". We conducted a crosssectiona survey to evaluate the actual condition of postpolio individuals in Japan. The purpose of this study was to clarify the quality of social participation of post-polio persons and the relationship between social participation and other factors, especially secondary worsening. A selfreport inventory was delivered to 1, 385 postpolio persons at 13 healthcare organizations and one self-help group. They were asked to provide information regarding social participation, secondary worsening, symptoms, Activities of Daily Living (ADL). To evaluate social participation we used six categories defined as "survival roles" in the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH-1). The categories were orientation, physical independence, mobility, occupation, social integration and economic selfsufficiency. Six hundred sixty-two of 1, 385 individuals responded (response rate; 47.8%). We found that a high percentage of subjects experienced the difficulties in five categories of social participation, not including orientation. Particularly in the category of occupation, appropriately 80% of the responders experienced the difficulties. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis indicated that ADL, years from onset, and secondary worsening all affected social participation.
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