民族衛生
Online ISSN : 1882-868X
Print ISSN : 0368-9395
ISSN-L : 0368-9395
73 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の4件中1~4を表示しています
  • 井原 一成
    2007 年 73 巻 6 号 p. 209-210
    発行日: 2007/11/30
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 竹原 健二, 野口 真貴子, 嶋根 卓也, 三砂 ちつる
    2007 年 73 巻 6 号 p. 211-224
    発行日: 2007/11/30
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    PURPOSE : This study aims to develop a scale to measure childbirth experience quantitatively and to evaluate reliability and validity of the scale. METHODS : This is a cohort study examining relationship between childbirth experience and following physical and psychological states of mother and child. All women who gave birth at five study centers (four birthing homes and one maternity hospital) from May 2002 to August 2003 were asked to participate in the study. A total of 2314 women were recruited and 1453 of eligible women agreed to participate. Based on the literature review and the written notes by women after childbirth, a multi-disciplinary group consisting ten specialists generated 45 items for inclusion. RESULTS : After examining the content of the items of factors and correlations between factors, the CBE-scale was presented to consist of four positive factors and 18 items ; such as Happiness (4 items), Body Sense (6 items), Discovery (5 items) and Unaffected Self Expression (3 items). It was shown that the CBE-scale was internal consistency with Cronbach's Alphas and itemtotal correlation. Concurrent validity was discussed using a question of subjective attitude towards childbirth such as "Do you feel that the other women would also have the same childbirth experience as you had?" The prediction validity was confirmed using three questions as follows. "Would you like to be pregnant again and to give a birth?", "Do you enjoy being with your baby?" and "Do you feel like holding your baby in your arm all the time?" These questions were asked repeatedly at four-month-, nine-month-and sixteen-month-visits. Students' T-test and logistic regression analysis were carried out to examine relationship between these 3 items and the scale score. CONCLUSIONS : These findings support that the CBE-scale has reliability and validity. The CBE-scale has potential to measure women's subjective experience of childbirth and contribute to an assessment of the quality of care during childbirth.
  • Kazuml FUJIMURA, Tohru YOSHIDA, Takeshi YAMAMOTO, Yoshihiko YAMAZAKI
    2007 年 73 巻 6 号 p. 225-242
    発行日: 2007/11/30
    公開日: 2011/10/21
    ジャーナル フリー
     一般成人男女において,夫婦間・恋人間といった親密な関係にある男性からの女性への暴力発生の分布とその関連要因を検討し,社会的対応への示唆を得ることを目的として,18~74歳の群馬県在住の888名(男性397名,女性491名)を対象に,調査・分析を行った. 分析の結果以下の点が明らかとなった.1.最近1年間に女性が暴力的行為を受けた経験は30.1%であった.行為の種類別にみると,精神的暴力行為29.6%,身体的暴力行為5.4%,性的暴力行為6.2%であった.男性においても,暴力を振るった経験はほぼ同じ結果を示した.2.暴力の重複パターンを検討した結果,男女とも多くの場合で身体的あるいは性的暴力行為には精神的暴力行為が伴うことが示された.3.女性への暴力の関連要因として,男性の暴力容認度,つまり暴力を容認している男性ほど暴力を振るいやすいという傾向が認められた.また,男女とも生育家族評価が低い人ほど暴力的行為を経験している傾向が認められた.4.暴力的行為を受けた女性のうち,半数は誰か(どこか)に相談していた.しかし相談先としては,近親者,友人・職場関係者といったインフォーマルな関係にある人がほとんどであり,公的機関へ相談をしたという人はわずかであった.相談機関やシェルター等,ソーシャルサポートの充実がなされる一方で,その利用を促すためにも,個々人への情報の発信と一般住民の女性に対する暴力を許さない社会の意識醸成のための理解が不可欠であることの可能性が示唆された.
  • 渡部 幹夫
    2007 年 73 巻 6 号 p. 243-252
    発行日: 2007/11/30
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Vaccination is of great value to us. Protection from inoculation is more than the prevention of infectious disease. It is a political theme of the worldwide security pact. However, there were fear and anxiety for vaccination in the world, particularly in Japan. Japan constituted the Preventive Vaccination Law in 1948 under Allied Powers occupation. It was very enforceable law unlike any other in the world. Its broad coverage of vaccination was made up by the policy of GHQ. The law obliged Japanese people to get inoculations with domestic vaccine. It seems hat many vaccination accidents that occurred later in Japan were caused by the poor vaccine production system. The risks of vaccinations were already mentioned in GHQ documents, but it was not regarded as important in the Preventive Vaccination Law of Japan. It also caused many problems with vaccinations. GHQ/5CAP PHW improved many problems in Japanese public sanitation in postwar years, but it is also true that they left some problems for the later in Japan. The Preventive Vaccination Law continued into effect without changing its legal force after the end of the occupation, and caused smallpox vaccination evils. The forced attitude, which is military medical in the Preventive Vaccination Law, was finally over in the legal revision in 1994. These historic facts are considered a possible reason of some Japanese vaccinations avoidance.
feedback
Top