Journal of Geography (Chigaku Zasshi)
Online ISSN : 1884-0884
Print ISSN : 0022-135X
ISSN-L : 0022-135X
Volume 80, Issue 6
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
  • Mutsumi HOYANAGI
    1971 Volume 80 Issue 6 Pages 335-353
    Published: December 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Concerning agricultural regions in China, the work of J. L. BUCK in his “Land Utilization in China” published in 1937 is most popular in Japan. It was accomplished by sample studies of more than thirty years ago, but his work does not lost its value, because it illustrates the agricultural conditions in China at that time objectively and offer good material in comparing with post-war state of agriculture.
    However, attempts have been made to illustrate recent land-use pattern in changing China after the war, for instance, Ya. M. BERGER in U.S.S.R. presented an excellent land-use map in his “Kitai” in 1958, and others attempted to classify new agricultural regions in present China. Among them, the work of Prof. C. S. CHEN of Geographical Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong published in 1970 is the most recent one. He firstly distinguished three major regions of the Monsoon Region in Eastern China, the North-western Arid Region and the South-western Cold-High Region, and classified them into 19 sub-divisions with more detailed classification in the Monsoon Region (Fig. 3). In the classification of these regions, many agricultural as well as physical factors were taken into consideration, and the result has somewhat similar character to “physical regions of China serving agriculture” rather than agricultural regions, which has been the topic of discussion among Chinese geographers.
    In 1962, Kwantung Province was divided agriculturally into three major and six subregions by K. F. CHENG of the Teachers' College of South China. The attempt was based upon actual land-use and crop-pattern, and it seems to be a useful data for future improvement. In the following year, C. C. TENG presented a detailed pattern of present-state agricultural regions of entire China, founded on the co-operative research carried out by Geographical Institute of the Chinese Academy of Science and National Agricultural Section.
    It begins with four major regions (the first grade) of Northeast, Southeast, Northwest and Chinghai-Tibet, which are divided into 12 sub-divisions of the second grade, and finally runs into total of 129 sub-divisions of the fourth grade (Fig. 4 and 5). Classification relies upon the latest detailed statistics supplemented by actual field survey of regions, considering the background of physical conditions and historical development of land-use. The bases of classification are effectiveness of temperature, rainfall, soil resources, cropping and livestock system, combination of crops within a year, level of production, various agricultural products of regions etc., to describe roughly in order taken into consideration. The pattern of agricultural regions illustrated by a map is different from that of J. L. BUCK and it is interesting for geographers to investigate the causes of differences.
    Discussion was made in the Meeting of the Geographical Society of China in 1963 at Hangchow as to what agricultural regions of present situation have to do with prospective ones. The majority were of the opinion that the present-state agricultural regions are to occupy an important position and be taken as the foundation for researches of prospective ones.
    Prospective agricultural regions of entire China are not yet established, and some geographers, government officials and farmers have started cooperatively classification of agricultural regions in many provinces, putting up some words from the writings of MAO Tse-Tung as the slogan, which suggests the urgent need of establishment of prospective agricultural regions in present China.
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  • Ikuo SUZUKI, Masami FUKUDA
    1971 Volume 80 Issue 6 Pages 354-362
    Published: December 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this present paper, the authors discuss about periglacial activities around Mt. Kornet es Saouda, during late Quaternary by our on-the-spot investigations. The most characteristic periglacial phenomena, here we observed, are the developments of nivation hollows and patterned ground.
    At first, the distribution of nivation hollows is widely scattered above 2300 m on the slopes in this area and strictly controlled by the accumulation patterns of snow (snow patch). And more or less these accumulation patterns are related with total precipitations in winter and micro-relief of topography.
    By our observations, the melting water from snow patches on limestone bedrocks, which is very sensitively resoluble into CO2 rich water even at low temperature, penetrated through cracks and joints into rocks. And alternations of temperature caused freezing-thawing cycles of absorbed water.
    These cycles caused intensive destructions of bedrocks and produced flakey gravels and small particles (fine sand, silt).
    As transporting function, melting water transport small particles as suspension materials. These processes of developments of nivation hollows may be distinguished under periglacial environments.
    Patterned ground, especially sorted circles develop widely above 1900 m on the gentle slopes. But one of the most important factors to the formation of sorted circles in this area is the thickness of weathered materials on bedrocks. As mentioned above, limestone bedrocks produce a large amount of small particles by frost shattering, and these fine weathered materials accumulate on gentle slopes. By extrusive forces during a cold time, the layers of fine weathered materials develop on weathered mantles of limestone bedrock.
    These periglacial features develop under some restricted conditions, climatic conditions and bedrock behaviours to weathering processes. So in this area, about periglacial phenomena, we must consider the relationships between periglacial environment and bedrocks properties to frost action in addition to climatic conditions.
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  • Eiichiro TORII, Reiko SETO, Tokihiko KAMINISHI
    1971 Volume 80 Issue 6 Pages 363-375
    Published: December 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    G.S.I. is an appropriate organization for the making of mesh data from maps and airphotos, because it compiles and collects topographic and thematic maps and takes airphotos.
    Each mesh unit data obtained from maps and airphotos are arranged exactly by code number one by one. Some types of mesh data changes with the times, and if necessary, old and new record each mesh data can be put side by side to make comparisons.
    Since preparing mesh data is very troublesome, all agencies concerned should prepare mesh data using a common data mesh unit and a common code number in order to avoid duplication and which can be mutually used.
    On the other hand, E.D.P.S. (Electronic Data Processing System) programming for the purpose of calculating, analyzing and printing of tables or symbol map should be developed.
    Together with the accumulation of mesh data, and the development of a Model program, mesh data can be effectively used as fundamental data for land planning, regional planning, urban planning, and planning of road construction, river control, housing developments, prevention of disasters, preservation of the environment, etc.
    The introduction of the mesh method for the establishment of the above mentioned planning will be useful because the method can provide more detailed systematic and complex data compared with existing statistics, and the data can be analyzed and synthesized more rapidly.
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  • [in Japanese]
    1971 Volume 80 Issue 6 Pages 376-378
    Published: December 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [in Japanese]
    1971 Volume 80 Issue 6 Pages 379-380
    Published: December 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (245K)
  • [in Japanese]
    1971 Volume 80 Issue 6 Pages 381
    Published: December 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (155K)
  • [in Japanese]
    1971 Volume 80 Issue 6 Pages Plate1-Plate2
    Published: December 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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