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Volume 28 (1973 - 197･･･
- Issue 6 Pages 499-
- Issue 5 Pages 443-
- Issue 4 Pages 381-
- Issue 3 Pages 315-
- Issue 2 Pages 237-
Volume 28, Issue 3
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Michiko Kasai1973 Volume 28 Issue 3 Pages 315-323
Published: August 30, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: August 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA statistical study was conducted on SMON (subacute myelo-optico neuropathy) in Hokkaido, taking the theory of clioquinol etiology into consideration.
Results obtained are following:
1. In Hokkaido, SMON began to occur sporadically about 1958, reached epidemic proportions from 1962 to 1966 and then abruptly declined. Up to the end of September, 1972, a total of 433 cases had been confirmed or strongly suspected to be SMON.
2. The incidence was highest in the fifth decade of both sexes. The over-all sex ratio was 1:2.1, (i.e. twice as high in females), and progressed with age to 1:5.3 in the eighth decade.
3. There were marked regional differences in the incidence of SMON, but these did not reflect population size. However, the incidence was closely related to the presence of medical institutions in which clioquinol was administered in excess to patients with gastrointestinal disorders.
4. It was statistically confirmed that the daily dose of clioquinol, the duration of administration of the drug, and the number of persons who received it showed a high correlation with the incidence of SMON. It was noted, however, that the daily dose related to the incidence differed with the medical institution.
5. In some areas, the decrease in the occurence of new SMON cases slarted before September, 1970, when the use of clioquinol was officially discontinued. The earlier disappearance of SMON appears to have been due to the reduction in the daily dose of cliquinol prescribed in the medical institutions in these areas.View full abstractDownload PDF (1421K) -
Takashige Mitsuya1973 Volume 28 Issue 3 Pages 324-339
Published: August 30, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: August 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMale rats were trained in a multiple maze with five choice points in the pathway. Their behavior was recorded remotely to remove unnecessary stimuli during the learning. One group of rats was fed adlibitum and the other fasted from evening to the end of the learning period the next morning.
Each group was subdivided into three groups for training under different noise conditions: group I was trained in silence; group II was exposed to wide bound noise at 100 dB(C) for one hour before the start of learning; and group III was exposed to the same noise during learning.
In rats which had been trained for 20 days, the process of learning extinction was then observed in the same maze every four days under noiseless or noisy conditions.
The following items were used as learning indices: the time spent to reach the goal, the number of times non-correct gates were passed, and the time spent between each of the gates.
1. In the fasting rats all three learning indices were lower than in the adlibitum fed rats in group I. (noiseless)
2. Adibitum fed rats of group III (exposed to noise during learning) showed lower learning indices than those in group I, and those in group II (exposed to noise before learning) passed non-correct gates more often than did those in group I.
3. Among the fasting rats, group III showed higher values in the three indices than did the other two groups.
4. In both fed and fasting rats, the learning process from the first gate to the goal was much more disturbed by noise exposure than was that from the starting point to the first gate.
5. Group III rats (exposed to noise during learning) were much more affected than those in group II (exposed to noise before learning).
6. Among the rats (both fed and fasting) which had been trained under noiseless conditions, those exposed to noise during the extinction process showed slower extinction than those undergoing extinction in silence.
7. Among the rats which had been trained under noisy conditions, those fed ad libitum showed slower extinction in silence than in noise. However, in fasting rats, silence hastened extinction while noise slowed it.
These findings suggest that noise affects learning by interfering with information analysis more than with memory, and that exposure to noise during learning severely hampers the learning process.View full abstractDownload PDF (1194K) -
Kazuo Saito, Eimatsu Takakuwa1973 Volume 28 Issue 3 Pages 340-346
Published: August 30, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: August 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNine healthy male medical students were examined by TAF testing, EEG, auditory evoked response (AER) and visual evoked potential (VEP). The characteristics of both AER and VEP during concentration of attention were analyzed in relation to the EEG and TAF-test.
1. The EEG during TAF testing showed a definite decrease of α wave. No significant change in TAF values was observed in rest and auditory or photic stimulation.
2. The AER, both in rest and during TAF-testing, showed no significant change in regard to the latency of each wave, but the amplitude of Pi-N1 from mid-occipital leads was significantly increased during TAF testing.
3. No significant difference was observed in the latencies or amplitudes of VEP in rest and during TAF-testing.
AER changes during TAF testing when the activity of the cerebral cortex reflects the attentional concentration to the light source. However, under the same condition no significant change was observed in VEP.
These results suggest that, under attentional concentration to a given stimulus, there is an increased reaction to a stimulus of different nature from the original one, and no reaction to a stimulus of similar nature.View full abstractDownload PDF (2126K) -
Masayuki Imai, Hidehiko Oshima, Tokiko Kawagishi, Katsumi Yoshida, Mas ...1973 Volume 28 Issue 3 Pages 347-357
Published: August 30, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: August 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSYokkaichi city was divided into 1011 districts on the basis of SO2 concentration in the air, measured over a 12-month period. The relationship between the SO2 concentration and the incidence of respiratory disease was determined by the use of questionnaires and National Health Insurance Bills.
The diseases which showed a high correlation with SO2 concentration were bronchial asthma in school children and chronic bronchitis in those over 40 years of age.
We found that the incidence of respiratory diseases was increased in the areas where the SO2 concentration averaged more than 0.550.65mg/day (0.02ppm).View full abstractDownload PDF (778K)
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