JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL

Lignin Biodegradation by Wood-Rotting Fungi

Tomoaki Nishida

1989 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 1071-1084
Published: November 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.43.1071

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Review of High Performance Paper (part 1)

Katsumi Kuboshima

1989 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 1085-1110
Published: November 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.43.1085

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The title of this review, “High Performance Paper”, was named after the High Performance Paper Society, which has been working on researches of specialities and/or characteristics of paper for twenty-seven.
The “High Performance Paper” may be classified among the “Special Paper” in the paper industry, though the difference is not very clear at present.
This review describes recent developments in manufacturing of the high performance paper in the modern sense. Furthermore this review proposes uses of paper in the new fields. The contents are summarized as follows :
1) Our New Paper Market Research sponsored by Shizuoka Prefecture in 1987 disclosed that the trend of “New Field Developments of Paper” has attracted considerable attention of persons concerned with paper industry in Japan. The persons concerned with paper industry have their hopefull opinions that there are enough paper markets to be developed in the future, in the industries associated with food, computer, information and communication, synthetic polymer chemistry, environmental safeguard and others.
2) The new uses of paper may be developed at technical overlap area of various industries by applying not only cellulosic pulp but non-cellulosic fiber, powder materials, other functional materials and others.
3) Reviewing the histry of paper products, substantial support of social demands, material supply, tools and mashinery provided a new paper product. The same steps should be taken on “Paper or Sheet” needed in growth industries. The persons concerned with paper technologies have hopeful opinions that the sheet formation will be capable in improvement of technologies on hand.
4) As trial propositions of expected paper markets, the following four fields are discussed :
1) The protect technologies of EMI/RFI.
2) The control technologies of processing air.
3) The growth technologies of plant.
4) The support technologies of new enegy development.

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The Characteristics of Recent Multi-functional Corrugated Fibreboard

Nobuyuki Takeuchi

1989 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 1111-1122
Published: November 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.43.1111

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In recent years, users are requiring new functional packaging materials. Many paperboard makers have developed various types multi-functional corrugated fibreboard.
In response to this, the author discribes mainly about packaging on the transportation and the keeping freshress of foods.

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Reports on 1989 TAPPI Papermakers Conference

H. Tomimasu, H. Kaji, Y. Hibino, M. Hamada, T. Shimizu, T. Nomura

1989 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 1123-1148
Published: November 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.43.1123

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This paper describes an outline of 1989 TAPPI paper makers conference, held at the Washington Hilton & Tower Hotel Washington DC, on 10-12 in April 1989.
The address theme of the conference is “Technology and the Technologist in the paper Industry of the 90's”.
Include in the technical program are 48 technical papers and 5 panel discussions.
The contents of each sessions are as follows,
April 10
Opening Session
1 : Quality Assurance Programs and the Use of Statistical Process Contorol in the paper Mill/Panel Discussion
2 : Stock Preparation
3 : Retention Fundamentals
4 : Sizing in Transition-Acid to Alkaline
5 : Uses of Potato Starch in Papermaking/Panel Discussion
April 11
6 : New Technology for Quality Paper
7 : Papermaking Committee Reports
8 : Retention and Drainage in Alkaline Systems
9 : Considerations in Handling, Metering and Control of Sizing Systems (Contains Panel Discussions)
10 : New Trends in Wet End Chemistry I
April 12
11 : New Trends in Wet End Chemistry II
12 : Optimization of Paper Properties
13 : On-Machine Seamed Wet Felts/Superintendents' Panel Discussion
14 : Formaldehyde Regulations-Impacts and Alternatives
It was estimated about 1, 100 persons joined the confrence from USA Canada, Sweden, Finland, Germany, England and over the world. And 14 persons participated to it from Japanese companies.

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Recent Development of Instrumentation in Pulp & Paper Industry

Easy Soft Ware of Distributed Control System

[in Japanese]

1989 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 1149-1165
Published: November 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: April 23, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.43.1149

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This serial report describes current topics in pulp and paper making process instrumentation technology, and this paper is reviewed of easy soft ware of distributed control system.

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Research and developement of solvolysis pulping

Part 3 Cooking conditions and pulp properties

Hitoshi Takagi, Makoto Wakai, Hiroshi Araki, Haruhiko Kawabata

1989 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 1171-1178
Published: November 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.43.1171

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Cooking conditions of solvolysis pulping with cresol as a model solvent, which is a major phenolic compound produced by degradation of lignin, were investigated and the properties of solvolysis pulps from various woods were characterized.
Solvent-water ratio and cooking temperature had significant effects on delignification in this pocess. For instance, high solvent ratio in cooking liquor or low temerature were favorable for the pulp yield and for the pulp properties. It was possible to produce pulps by solvolysis pulping process from all hardwoods and softwoods used in this study.
To shorten the cooking time of solvolysis pulping process which was longer than that of kraft pulping process, was achieved by the addition of small amounts of acetic acid in cooking liquor or by the circulation of cooking liquor.
At a given kappa number, the yields of solvolysis hardwood pulps were same as those of kraft pulps. In contrast, solvolysis softwood pulps could be produced in high yield. Though the refining of solvolysis pulp needed less energy, the strength properties of solvolysis pulp were somewhat inferior to those of kraft pulp.
Finaly, cooking experiments with various phenolic compounds, being expected to be recovered from lignin degradation products, were studied. Cooking abilities of the phenlic compounds depended on their solubility in water. The pulping with mixed phenols, which composition was determined by the data of cooking, washing and recovery experiments, gave almost same results as those of cresol pulping.

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Changes in physical properties of paper containing high-yield pulp by UV treatments

Bong-Yong Kim, Akira Isogai, Fumihiko Onabe, Makoto Usuda

1989 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 1179-1186
Published: November 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.43.1179

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Mechanical and optical properties of paper prepared from the mixture of bleached kraft pulp and high-yield pulp (GP) were examined in order to elucidate the influence of lignin in paper on those properties by UV irradiation. Sheet density, tensile strength, Young's modulus and double folds decrease with increase in GP content. The Kubelka-Munk equation was found to be adaptable well on the optical properties such as printing opacities, scattering coefficients and absorption coefficients of those sheets with different mixing ratios.
Changes of tensile strength, Young's modulus, double folds, wet tensile strength, water absorption, brightness and K/S values of those sheets treated by UV light were studied. Especially, the strength of double folds decrease drastically by UV treatments, although GP content, i.e. the lignin content in sheets, does not accelerate the decrease in double folds. On the other hand, GP content has strong influence on discoloration of the sheets treated by UV light. Namely, the rate constant of discoloration by UV light increases linearly up to 15% of GP content. As described in the previous paper, we have found that the decrease in double folds is stemmed from depolymerization of cellulose chains by UV light. Thus, the results obtained in this work indicate that reactive groups formed from lignin by UV irradiation in the presence of oxygen, such as radicals, peroxides, singlet molecular oxygen, superoxide anions, etc, does not take part in depolymerization reactions of cellulose.

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[title in Japanese]

1989 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 1187-1192
Published: November 01, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.43.1187

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