“Yankee is a heart of the Tissue machine.” This is a word which shows importance of the Yankee in making the tissue. Yankee decides the production capacity and the sheet quality of moisture profile and crepe. The Yankee is also a 2^nd class pressure vessel in Japan law. The performance related to these very important roles of the Yankee greatly depends on the maintenance work for the Yankee. This paper describes some of Andritz Yankee life cycle management service, that is, first we describe the Yankee inspection based on TAPPI. The routine periodic inspections can record the actual Yankee situation and make a database for the scheduled maintenance work. Next we describe the OTR （On The Run） measurement for the Yankee. It measures the Yankee surface profile and temperature profile at Yankee running status. It can provide important information about crowing, next grinding timing, status of condensate discharge and others. Andritz Yankee life cycle management service described here will provide the information for the proper maintenance work of the Yankee.

The household paper industry that is closely related to our daily life expects to keep growing, boosted by the influence of the inbound demands. On the other hand, concerning fine paper waste which is used as a raw material for recycled products, well sorted waste paper has been more and more difficult to get, and this tendency expects to be continued. Therefore, it seems necessary to be prepared to use the low grade waste paper, such as mixed office waste （MOW） or confidential waste paper and so on. In this report, the following stock preparation equipment which are for efficiency improving, labor saving and quality demands is introdeced for house hold paper mill.

1）Pulper feeding equipment

2）High consistency disperser

3）Floatator and washer comparison

4）POM system, approach process improvement

In recent years, pitch troubles by sticky materials have been increasing, because decreased in the amount of high quality waste paper due to restrictions on imports of mixed waste paper in China, and increasing in the utilization rate of afforestation trees such as acacia. Pitch trouble is one of the difficult subjects for paper engineers who explore the stable operations and the quality improvements.

The pitch contained in the raw material is removed to some extent in the pulping process, but residual pitch is brought into the paper making process. The pitch deposits and adheres to each process, and causes deterioration of quality and operability such as web breaks and defects.

Our company regards pitch control in the pulping process as the most important solution for pitch trouble. In addition, limited and effective pitch control in the papermaking process is thought to lead to improved quality and productivity.

This report described our companyʼs efforts to improve productivity in household paper mills, especially pitch trouble.

Forming Fabrics are a necessary and integral component for modern papermaking machines, which serve three main functions：1）Draining pulp slurry 2）Forming the sheet 3）Transporting the sheet to the press section.

Adequate sheet formation is one of the greatest concerns of paper makers, because it directly impacts the sheet qualities as a finished product. There are also various requirements to draining and conveying capabilities as the basis weight ranges vary greatly. Recently, high quality and high productivity have both become top requirements of papermakers. Paper machines have evolved, increasing in size and speed. To meet the current demands of papermakers and the latest machines, it’s critical that forming fabrics evolve as well. The production and quality demands for tissue continue to grow even though demand for a variety of other paper grades have diminished in recent years. In Japan, the demand for tissue and bath in the restaurant and hotel industries have increased due to the steady rise of foreign tourism. Overseas, the demand for tissue and bath have grown due to the increase of population and improvement of their sanitary surroundings. The demand for tissue and bath will continue to grow globally. They have variety of tissue and toilet machines. We have developed our forming fabric design based on their requirements from each machines. Modern tissue machines require a high fiber support capability, drainage capability, clean–ability and stable run ability from their forming fabrics. Therefore, it is important to choose a suitable forming fabric design for each machine. Machines for home paper have been increasing is size and speed. Further improvement of drainage capabilities and stable running （shrink in width and elongation） are required. We have developed a new wire which meet today’s high standards for high drainage ability, improved paper quality （lateral strength improvement） and energy saving effect as a wire that meets many requirements. Those effects have been confirmed in practice. We will introduce the features and latest trends of forming fabrics for home paper.

KAWANOE/VALMET have been providing Crescent Former DCT series since 1996, after concluding the technical collaboration. The recent trend among tissue makers is the efficient equipment which produces high–value added products in addition to energy saving. 『ViscoNip』is the latest press technology KAWANOE/VALMET offer and the major feature of ViscoNip is the unique ability to adapt to the Yankee dryer shell using element made of polyurethane. ViscoNip users will be benefitted a number of advantages such as one can easily change the operating conditions while running machine, increased product flexibility and quality, the most efficient operation, long life time for belt and other equipment.

The number of ViscoNip installation counts 50 all over the world since its launch and the first ViscoNip has been successfully installed and running in Japan earning good reputation. We would like to introduce the latest press technology which provides the benefit of high–value added products as well as energy saving.

The sanitary paper industry continues to grow steadily and gain attention in the paper industry. Creping is a very important factor in the stable operation and quality improvement of sanitary paper, but it is difficult to manage because it is affected by various factors. Therefore, Hakuto devised a method that numerically and visually grasps the performance of the coating film that most affects creping. These techniques are expected to simplify the quality control of the coating film and make it easier to understand what happens on the machine.

In addition, we have developed creping control agents “HAKULEAD 800 series” that are resistant to fluctuation factors using these technologies. This product contributed to operational stability and creping quality improvement at the machines with variable moisture content.

In the household paper industry, in order to enhance competitiveness in Japan and overseas, the company is promoting cost reduction by speeding up and reducing the basis weight of paper machines, and improving the quality of paper by using softeners. Crepe adhesives are essential chemicals for operational stabilization and good crepe quality.

The crepe adhesive has been improved so that it can cope with a wide range of conditions of the paper machine and changes in the paper making environment. This paper introduces a new crepe adhesive CA6034 made of polyamide epichlorohydrin resin （PAE） together with the technological trend so far. CA6034 focuses on the aggregation energies of various functional groups in PAE, and achieves high performance by increasing the ratio of amino sites to amide sites in PAE.

Andritz Novimpianti S.R.L. based in Lucca/Italy, who is a manufacturer of yankee hood system.

This company is established in 1983, and answer to the increasing needs of local paper industry.

Their yankee hood system has special construction, and their steam generator and yankee dryer insulation also help to save the energy for yankee drying part. Andritz Novimpianti can propose energy saving by replacement from existing system to their system.

ITOCHU-MACHINE-TECHNOS CORP introduces about outline of Andritz Novimpianti and their yankee hood system.

Over the years, chemical recovery technology suppliers have worked with pulp mills to “close” the chemical recovery loops in order to reduce emissions and effluent — and also to increase recovery efficiency. These loop closures have sometimes led to a build–up of certain chemicals and the creation of side streams that are either ignored or disposed of.

A major target of ANDRITZ’s recent development work has been to innovate solutions for utilizing the side streams of a Kraft pulp mill to unleash the hidden potential for generating profit, as what was once considered “waste”can be converted to valuable raw materials for commercial–grade bio–products. The objective continues to be operating chemical recovery systems as efficiently and environmentally sound as possible while minimizing capital investment and maximizing profits.

In this paper, a mill audit（i.e. technical diagnosis to equipment by original suppliers）for Kraft pulp mills is briefly described. In Japan, many of KP plants were installed in 1970’s and 1980’. Nowadays the effective maintenance such as preventative maintenance is not actively being conducted in some mills due to limited workforce and limited budget for maintenance work. To prevent unexpected accidents for equipment as well as production loss, mill audits by original suppliers should be very beneficial. Valmet has a wide range of references about KP plants, therefore, the technical knowledge about equipment can be utilized for better maintenance. There are 2 types of mill audits, meaning mill audits during operation and during shut-down.

During operation, some operational data and figures are collected from control rooms. In addition, operational condition of equipment is also checked. During shut-down, Valmet’s engineers go inside equipment like digesters and diffuser washers and check whether or not there are something strange inside the equipment. After the mill audits, technical reports are submitted with check-lists where maintenance points are categorized by order of priorities. Because equipment and operational conditions are different in each KP mills, the contents in the mill audits are not always the same. As target equipment for mill audits, digesters and diffuser washers are focused in this paper and the general information will be introduced as an example of a mill audit. Mill audits by Valmet are not free of charge, but the benefit from mill audits should be valuable to keep the production run smoothly.

Books were only one information carrier until 1800. One researcher in Germany reported that the total number of copies of books published in each century from the 6th to 18th increased at almost a constant rate of 1％ per year, Information volume would be correlated to paper consumption which was historically correlated to GDP. The yearly growth rate of GDP of Europe from 1500 to 1800 was estimated to be about 0.62％, to which the estimated growth rate of printed copies did not seem to be contradictory.

After 1800, the annual paper production was estimated to increase at the rate of 3–4％ per year, according to data in UK and USA, and by FAO, by which rate the information based on paper would increase.

After 2000, the volume of digital information increased at the annual rate of 20–30％ per year. The information based on paper, of which production was stagnating, was drastically losing its share that was about 10％ at the turn of the century.

“JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL” is edited and published inevitably under the constrained environments of the organization of the Japan TAPPI. However, for aiming at move attractive and innovative Journal with higher levels of novelty, openness, and dynamism, the Journal has to accept frank exchanges of viewpoints and criticism from the readers as well as from outside the Journal.

The second article of this series is intended to analyze a variety of problems associated with current issues of the Journal in terms of “Journalism functions”.

The overall contents are described as below.

1. Introduction

2. The birth of journals and journalism in view of the history of paper and printing

3. The significance of journalism in the contemporary society

4. The journalism functions of “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”：Do they exist ?

5. The open space of freedom of opinions of “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”：Does it exist ?

6. Epilogue.

Aoki Machine Industry Co., Ltd. was established as a private company in 1978 with the purpose of installing industrial machines such as paper machines, can manufacturing, industrial machine manufacturing and related processing.

In 1988, the organization was changed to Aoki Machine Co., Ltd., and he has been in the industry for 32 years at factories nationwide.

AOKI cleaner was developed and manufactured in 2004 in response to a customerʼs desire to solve the problem of canvas stains during the course of business development. In 2013, we received the 41st Sasaki Prize.

Thanks to you, the number of orders received has reached 100 units, and in recent years it has attracted great attention from overseas, and shipments to overseas have increased.

This time, I will borrow this paper to introduce the construction department, which is the main part of Aoki Machinery, and the system engineering department that handles AOKI cleaner.

Petroleum–based plastics are low in cost, light in weight, excellent in moldability, and used in large quantities, while environmental pollution by microplastics is considered serious. In this study, we aimed to replace them with natural materials and developed wet extrusion of wood powder using a cellulose derivative：hydroxypropyl methylcellulose （HPMC）. The influence of the water content, HPMC ratio and wood powder particle size on the extrusion fluidity at 30℃ was evaluated using a capillary rheometer. The ratio of wood powder and HPMC was changed from 8：2 to 5：5, and water was added at 70 to 233％ relative to the solid weight and kneaded. The material was non–Newtonian fluid exhibiting pseudoplastic flow with a yield value. Water, HPMC and smaller wood particle tended to improve the fluidity, and the water content particularly had a large effect. The kneaded materials were successfully extruded into pipe–shape with outer diameter of 6 mm, air–dried and named “Wood straw”. The larger ratio of HPMC gave smaller diameter and higher density of the material, resulting in higher strength. It is possible that the mixture of wood powder, HPMC and water with good extrudablity could be applied to other molding methods to produce all–wood–derived material with various shapes.

Almost all paper is produced for further converting, it means it may undergo gluing, coating and/or printing. Therefore, normally certain specifications are agreed between the supplier and converter based on standard testing methods like Cobb, Gurley, Bendtsen, HST or Smoothness Beck etcetera and these specifications are binding. The problem is that sometimes there are still problems in the converting although all the specifications are met. In this case, nobody knows why these problems have occurred. We must look at the rough principles of the three typical converting processes like gluing, printing and coating. It is important to understand that nowadays all these processes are very fast, and things happen within milliseconds or just a few seconds. Because these processes are so fast, the surface of the paper or board that is converted plays a very important role. If we look more detailed at the gluing process, we can basically split it into 3 phases. In the First PHASE, a liquid film is applied on the paper or board surface by a pressure impulse within very short time. Here we talk about microseconds or milliseconds. The result depends on the rheology of the liquid, the strengths of the pressure impulse （which depends on the machine speed and settings） and the surface porosity of the substrate. Here, most important for the anchoring of the glue is the surface pore structure which is the relevant parameter to characterize. In PHASE 2, the water from the glue that has been applied will be absorbed. This is mainly controlled by the surface sizing/hydrophobicity of the substrate. Here the surface sizing or surface hydrophobicity is very important for the dewatering of the glue and to increase its viscosity to reach an optimal bonding. So, the surface hydrophobicity is the relevant parameter to characterize in this phase. PHASE 3 is the drying and hardening of the glue film which takes place after several minutes and hours. Because converting processes are very fast without phase 3, fast evaluation method is preferable. In this paper we introduce PDA/EST to evaluate penetration and predic behavior of paper and board surface for converting processes.