JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Online ISSN : 1881-1000
Print ISSN : 0022-815X
ISSN-L : 0022-815X
Search
Advanced search
OR
Browse
Search
Volume 76, Issue 12
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
Show all abstracts
    • |<
    • <
    • 1
    • >
    • >|
ENVIRONMENT
  • A Report of the 29th Environmental Conference
    Environmental Technical Committee
    Article type: meeting-report
    2022 Volume 76 Issue 12 Pages 1033-1034
    Published: 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2023
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.76.1033
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Download PDF (954K)
  • Basic Principles of Microbubbles and Their Use in Wastewater Treatment OZAC Wastewater Treatment System
    Masashi Toyooka
    Article type: other
    2022 Volume 76 Issue 12 Pages 1035-1044
    Published: 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2023
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.76.1035
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    The OZAC Wastewater Treatment System is an innovative wastewater treatment system that applies the YJ Nozzle, a micro- and nano-bubble generator. It directly decomposes organic matter by free radicals due to the crushing action of ozone fine （micro） bubbles. In addition, high-efficiency microbial treatment using ACB carrier, a special carrier containing activated carbon, enables significant reductions in BOD and COD without relying on chemicals.
    This wastewater treatment system enables sludge volume reduction, capacity increase, and energy saving that have never existed before. As a wastewater treatment system for the new era of fine bubbles, it can handle various wastewater treatments, from small septic tanks to large-scale factory wastewater treatment. It has the following features：
    1.　Since almost no sludge is generated, river discharge is realized without the need for a sedimentation tank.
    2.　No odor is generated.
    3.　The amount of chemicals used is drastically reduced, and running costs are also reduced.
    4.　The processing capacity is more than twice that of conventional methods.
    5.　Good at processing oil and SS.
    6.　Reduces power energy consumption.
    In addition, since it is possible to install an adjustment tank or aeration tank using it as it is without remodeling the existing facility, there is no need to carry out large-scale construction, and it is possible to significantly reduce costs. It has been installed in several factories and has been well tested in wastewater treatment at paper mills.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (3518K)
  • Anaerobic MBR for High Organic Wastewater Treatment and Biogas Recovery
    Kazuya Komatsu
    Article type: other
    2022 Volume 76 Issue 12 Pages 1045-1049
    Published: 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2023
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.76.1045
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    Anaerobic biological treatment is a wastewater treatment technology that saves energy and waste sludge, and recovers energy, and its application is progressing. However, conventional anaerobic treatment processes such as UASB and EGSB are difficult to apply to wastewater containing SS and oil and high COD wastewater of tens of thousands mg/L or more. Anaerobic MBR is a process that can be applied to these wastewaters without pretreatment or dilution, allowing wastewater treatment and biogas recovery. The features of the anaerobic MBR and application examples for dairy wastewater treatment are described.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (1148K)
  • Forest Management Projects at the J-Credit Scheme
    Tatsushi Ogita
    Article type: other
    2022 Volume 76 Issue 12 Pages 1050-1056
    Published: 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2023
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.76.1050
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    The J-Credit Scheme is the Japanese-governmental institution to certify the amount of greenhouse gas（GHG, such as CO2）emissions reduced and removed by sinks. After the 2050 carbon neutral declaration by the Government, forest sink especially gets growing interests as the most traditional and substantial way of negative emissions and rapidly increases the number of its projects registered at the Scheme. In order to accelerate the registration of forest sink projects and certification of their GHG removals, in August 2022, the Scheme conducted the revision to introduce the following rules：
    1)　If no final cutting is planned or all the planned final cuttings are accompanied by reforestations, a forest management project registrant may omit the demonstration of additionality because of high probability of the project’s deficit operation.
    2)　Not only planted forests with a forestry operation after April 1990 but also natural forests with conservation activities after the project registration can be certified GHG removals.
    3)　If reforestation is conducted within two years after final cutting, forecasted GHG removals until the standard final-cutting age of the reforested trees can be certified at the year of the reforestation because those trees are highly probable to properly grow until that standard age without final-cutting under the certified forest management plan.
    4)　A forest management project registrant can have GHG removals, which are regarded to remain contained in harvested wood products for 90 years, certified.
    5)　A third party who reforest at cut over areas can have GHG removals certified based on the newly-established methodology of reforestation, even if reforested trees are not under the certified forest management plan.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (924K)
  • Trends of Sustainability for Biofuels and Carbon Neutrality
    Keiichi Nakamata
    Article type: other
    2022 Volume 76 Issue 12 Pages 1057-1062
    Published: 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2023
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.76.1057
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    Biomass power generation has been introduced as one of the renewable energies for the prevention of global warming. However, in recent years it has been reviewed from the viewpoint of sustainability, mainly in the EU. The sustainability criteria for biomass fuels were require to ensure the human rights regarding fuel procurement and its legality, and consideration for biodiversity. Furthermore, in the 2018 renewable energy directive, the life cycle greenhouse gas of biomass fuel was required to be reduced by 80% from that of the reference fuel. The following is the background of this revies：Since forest clear-cutting in the EU to procure wood for biomass fuel has been progressing, strong opposition movements by environmental groups occurred；Scientists has proposed “the scope of renewable energy certificates shall be Limited to wood wastes and residues.
    In response to these EU trends, the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy（ANRE）in Japan has started to review the sustainability criteria as well, and is proceeding with stufies toward the introduction of sustainability criteria.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (1160K)
  • Current Status and Challenges of PCB Waste Treatment, Future Prospects
    Tositaka Shimizu
    Article type: other
    2022 Volume 76 Issue 12 Pages 1063-1069
    Published: 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2023
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.76.1063
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    Polychlorinated biphenyl （PCB） has excellent insulation properties. PCB has been widely used in insulating oil in electrical equipment. Bat, since it has been found to be harmful to the human body and the environment, disposal of equipment that uses PCBs is proceeding.
    PCB waste is classified into high-concentration PCB waste and low-concentration PCB waste. High-concentration PCB waste is disposed of by JESCO （Japan Environmental Storage & Safety Corporation）. Low-concentration PCB waste is disposed of at facilities approved by prefectural governors and ordinance mayors. The treatment method and the processing deadline are stipulated in the Act on Special Measures Concerning PCB and the Electricity Enterprises Act.
    This report explains the disposal schedule and progress of PCB waste, which remains widely throughout the country, as well as how to investigate and identify PCB contaminants and how to deal with them if they are found.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (3345K)
  • On Pro-Growth Carbon Pricing
    Jiro Arai
    Article type: other
    2022 Volume 76 Issue 12 Pages 1070-1077
    Published: 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2023
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.76.1070
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    Bureau of Industry, Technology and Environment
    This lecture explained the concept of “Pro-growth Carbon pricing （CP）”，while touching on topics such as domestic/international trends regarding climate change and policies by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry （METI）.
    CP is an economic instrument to move towards carbon neutrality （CN），and various methods such as carbon tax, emissions trading systems, and credit trading exists, depending on the entity which implements CP and the explicitness of carbon prices. The Government of Japan’s policy to date has been to promote CP on a voluntary and market basis as “Pro-growth CP”, which will enhance the competitiveness of industries, innovation, and investment.
    In response to the government policy, METI has established the GX League, in which participating companies voluntarily set ambitious emissions reduction targets and conduct emissions trading to achieve those targets. The GX League also serves as a platform for discussing and creating future visions towards CN, market creation, and rulemaking. Since the announcement of the GX League’s basic concept in February of this year, 440 companies have endorsed it, covering over 40% of Japan’s emissions.
    Simultaneously, to publicize and visualize the price of carbon credits circulating domestically such as J-Credits and JCM, and stimulate transactions, a Carbon Credit Market will be established.
    The GX League and Carbon Credit Market are to undergo demonstration tests in FY2022 and to be fully operational in FY 2023, as explicitly stated in the latest government policy documents such as the Clean Energy Strategy and the New Capitalism “Action Plan”. METI will continue to promote initiatives regarding Pro-growth CP.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (3134K)
  • Regarding The Plastic Resource Circulation Act
    Fumika Etou
    Article type: other
    2022 Volume 76 Issue 12 Pages 1078-1085
    Published: 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2023
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.76.1078
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    Plastic is lightweight, durable, easy to mold, and non-corrodible, making it an indispensable material in society today. And its utility extends to a wide range of products, containers, and packaging.
    At the same time, there is a growing need to promote domestic resource circulation of plastics as a way to deal with the issues of marine plastic litter, climate change, and enhanced import control of waste materials in other countries and so forth. The Plastic Resource Circulation Act was brought into effect on April 1, 2022, to strengthen the comprehensive resource circulation system for plastics used in diverse ways. The Act focuses on plastic as a material used in a wide range of products and aims to promote resource circulation of plastics based on the “3R＋Renewable” initiative by all stakeholders at every stage of its lifecycle, from product design to waste disposal. Towards the resource circulation of plastics in Japan, a number of initiatives are advancing while collaborating with all stakeholders including municipalities, businesses and consumers at each stage of the lifecycle of plastics.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (2467K)
  • Supply-chain (Scope 1, 2, 3) Emissions Accounting and Trend in Supply Chain Emissions Reduction
    Naoyuki Kyoden
    Article type: other
    2022 Volume 76 Issue 12 Pages 1086-1095
    Published: 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2023
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.76.1086
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    In recent years, the pursuit of the 1.5℃ target by the Paris Agreement and COP26, and related initiatives such as the TCFD recommendations, have led to the need to account the emissions not only of one's own company （Scope 1＋2） but also of the entire supply chain （Scope 3）．There are several methods for accounting Scope 3, but the method based on supplier-specific values （carbon footprint） is preferred over the method based on physical quantity or monetary data. In order to implement reductions in Scope 3 emissions, it is necessary to involve stakeholders as well as the company itself.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (2049K)
Introduction of Research Laboratories (148)
Research Report (Original Paper)
  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
    Article type: research-article
    2022 Volume 76 Issue 12 Pages 1100-1104
    Published: 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2023
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.76.1100
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    [in Japanese]
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (2819K)
  • Efficient Removal of CaCO3 by Hydrochloric Acid Treatment under pH Monitoring in Paper Sludge Suspension
    Kisuke Shibata, Michiko Egawa, Takeshi Kubota, Kohji Omata, Hidetoshi ...
    Article type: research-article
    2022 Volume 76 Issue 12 Pages 1105-1110
    Published: 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2023
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.76.1105
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    In this study, we aimed to realize a removal of CaCO3 by hydrochloric acid treatment at the optimum amount while pH monitoring was performed on the PS suspension. Initially, as a standard measurement, suspensions prepared with commercially CaCO3 powder were reacted with hydrochloric acid. The CaCO3 powder in suspension was taken to react in about 10 minutes. Furthermore, it was also found that CaCO3 powder could be almost completely removed by adding hydrochloric acid to less than the suspension pH of 2. Using these results, we attempted to efficiently remove CaCO3 in paper sludge （PS） with hydrochloric acid under monitoring pH of suspension. X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence elemental analysis were performed on samples of PS calcined after hydrochloric acid treatment, and CaCO3 in the source PS was almost removed. The removed CaCO3 from the PS was recovered from the treated solution as CaCl2･2H2O. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） of samples of the PS before and after hydrochloric acid treatment revealed that paper-derived fibers in the PS were hardly dissolved by hydrochloric acid treatment at pH 2. In addition, we confirmed partially self-ignition of the acid treated PS because of the organic-derived fibers remaining in the acid treated PS.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (2568K)
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break
Papyrus
    • |<
    • <
    • 1
    • >
    • >|
feedback
 Top