With increase of the low quality chips to a continuous digester it can be observed that the operation problems as declining the efficiency of removing air and impregnation of the chemicals, unstable the liquor level in the chip chute, improper chip column movement, variation on the load of outlet device and the blow dp etc.. On the other hand, it is possible to obtain a stable operation with COPMPACT COOKING^TM even utilizing the low quality chips due to proper steaming and impregnation with low temperature and long retention time, and a lower extraction load on each screens, etc.. Furthermore, it is also possible to minimize the problems by adopting OptiCooK^TM on a single vessel steam/liquor phase digester due to reinforcing the steaming, stabilizing the liquor level in chip chute by COMPACT FEED^TM, cold top cooking together with heating up at C5（or C6）circulation with replace the existing old type screens, and to run the existing Hi-heat washing zone as con-current cooking zone by replacing the existing old C8 screen.

In paper and pulp production, imported wood chips are more important than ever to control raw material costs, transportation costs, improve productivity, and apply to other fields.

Wood chips have a significant effect on pulp properties depending on morphological factors（origin, tree species, structure）and chemical factors.

In the pulp production process in Japan, planted trees are often used, so that not only calcium and silica derived from soil but also calcium, potassium and phosphorus derived from fertilizers precipitate, are causing scale problems.

In this report, problems that have actually occurred in the pulp manufacturing process due to the influence of recent wood chips（calcium phosphate precipitation in the digestion and bleaching process, and resin stain in the black liquor concentration process）are discussed.

We also introduce the latest chemical solutions that address these issues.

Due to a change in the Chinese recycle paper procuring policy, the Japanese recycle paper export has been decreasing and this made a tendency of surpassing the recycle paper supplies in the Japanese market. Also there has been an uncertain status between the U.S. and China, and also the U.S. and Iraq, and this starts affecting the Pulp & Paper industry. We see a shift on our customer requirement that has been changing from yield improving to energy saving since middle of 2019. The energy saving means to increase the capacity with keeping the same power consumption. Improving the specific power consumption requires more capacity on the equipment on which more capability of removing the contaminants is important.

The Chinese government introduces a policy that there will be zero import of recycle solids by the end of the year, and there will be a tendency seen in Japan that high quality recycle paper is more exported, and low quality unsorted recycle paper with high contents of contaminants is more distributed. Using inexpensive low quality recycle paper gives low cost of procuring raw materials, and this is an important factor on how we could handle the low quality recycle paper. In this section we would like to introduce the latest technology on recycle paper handling with a target of improving the contaminant removal.

Kraft Pulp（KP）is the main pulp production worldwide. In this development, KP chemical recovery process has contributed greatly.

The main role of the KP recovery process, ⑴ recovery and reuse of inorganic chemicals, ⑵ combustion of organic material in the black liquor, and recovery of energy from it.

There are three processes in the related to this ⑴, that is, the clarification of the green liquor sent from a recovery boiler, causticizing white liquor（cooking liquor）from the mixing with the burned lime stone discharged from lime kiln and clarified green liquor and the step of clarifying the white liquor. The keeping high and less variation causticizing efficiency is one of the most important target for the operation for the process related to this ⑴. Here, I will describe about the outline of each recovery steps which affect the causticizing efficiency, and introduce the measures to improve it.

Eka Engineering is an engineering and contracting division within Nouryon Pulp and Performance Chemicals that specializes in the design and supply of chlorine dioxide（ClO₂）plants and equipment to the pulp and chemical industries.

Eka Engineering has developed a number of different process technologies, for safe and efficient ClO₂ generation that makes the division a world-leading supplier of chlorine dioxide plants.

ClO₂ is an oxidizer commercially used for bleaching pulp since the mid-1940s. ClO₂ is the most cost-effective bleaching agent of pulp, achieving high brightness while maintaining high strength.

ClO₂ is produced on site by reducing sodium chlorate（NaClO₃）in an acidic solution, either under vacuum （SVP processes） or atmospheric conditions（HP-A process）．Different by-products are generated by varying the type of reducing agent and acid.

In this paper we will focus on the HP-A, the SVP-LITE and the SVP-SCW processes which are the most common ClO₂ processes used nowadays.

Also we will briefly discuss about ClO₂ decompositions and other application for ClO₂ .

In Pulp and Paper process various type of pumps are using for from Digester application, Paper Machine application to Waste water application, including so called Water pump, Pulp slurry pump, Quantitative chemical pump. However, the majority of operation in use might be just Centrifugal process pumps than some specialized pump. There should be some specialties of technology depending on pump manufactures, of course. It may be able to say that the pump is exactly “The heart of your process” in the sense of functionality in your process as of pumping liquid. I am pleased to introduce basic issues and some application of centrifugal pumps including our process pumps made by Sulzer Pumps.

Then we get onto the points what is better to take into consideration at the suction area, such as NPSH and Cavitation. We also explain in the latter half of paragraph that pressure loss in the piping, and the advisable piping layout especially for pulp pumping. We also mention here about the performance change led by the difference of impeller diameter and speed. At the first paragraph, we hereby explain about the discharge function of pump generated by centrifugal force.

In the end we introduce pump selection guide for various application in pulp & paper industry process, and then the material selection of pump as well.

This is last but not least, we introduce here cutting edge of technology of Sulzer pumps.

Because of outstanding chemical resistance and reasonableness, equipment made of FRP have used widely at various papermaking process and utility since long ago（For example Storage tank, Pipe, Duct, etc）．

However, even if it is convenient material, it will gradually deteriorate in harsh environment. Therefore, we have to acquire basic FRP knowledge and information about deterioration for proper management, and that surely leads to safety factory operation.

In this paper, we explain about the basic FRP construction and deteriorate mechanism, and mention the current state of life assessment moreover.

Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.（NPI）is a comprehensive biomass company that aims for sustainable growth with the slogan “Shaping the Future with Trees”, fully utilizing and recycling renewable wood resources based on sustainable forest management. NPI manages Eucalyptus plantation forests in Brazil, Chile, Australia and South Africa as part of its sustainable resource procurement policy “Tree Farm Initiative”. Among them, Amapa Florestal e Celulose S.A.（AMCEL）in northern Brazil owns the largest plantable area, planting Eucalyptus species in plantation and producing wood chips to export to overseas.

We are promoting the development of forestry technologies in the AMCEL plantation. In this report, we would like to discuss the latest situation of our breeding and clone development program, and in particular, our recent effort on a new breeding technology of genomic selection.

Before discussing into creating a new journal, the author has looked back on the historical transition of the natural science from ancient Greek natural philosophy to the contemporary issues of fusing natural sciences with human and social sciences.

Germany has unique classification of sciences, i.e., natural science and cultural science. France has philosophy-based specific outlook on paper and gave birth to “médiologie” and the concept of “Pouvours du papier”. The author has proposed “Paper culturology” as fusion of various paper-related academic areas.

The fifth article of this series is intended to analyze the possibilities of creating “Paper culturology” and its application for innovating JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL.

The overall contents are described as below.

1. 　Introduction

2. 　Academic transition from the Greek natural philosophy to the contemporary issues of fusion of natural sciences with human and social sciences.

3. 　French philosophical understanding of paper and “médiologie”

4. 　Proposal of “Paper culturology” that targets fusion and systematization of paper-related academic areas

5. 　Epilogue