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Volume 55, Issue 10
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1357-1358
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
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Motoyuki Kumakura2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1359-1365,021
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe environmental performance is now one of the important factors for evaluating business corporations. So, the Environment Ministry has devised Environmental Performance Indicators for Businesses. With these indicators, corporations can evaluate their performances by themselves and make them publicly open in their environment reports.
The Environment Ministry has also published Environment Reporting Guidelines for helping corporations preparing their environment reports. Furthermore, it is encouraging small business firms to use for their evaluations Environmental Activities Evaluation Program that is easier to deal with.View full abstractDownload PDF (2420K) -
Toru Katsura2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1366-1373,021
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe growing awareness in consumers about environmental conservation makes industries look into the methodology which evaluates the environmental attributes associated with a product or service.Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is gaining momentum. LCA is a methodology which quantifies the materials and energy exchanges of a product during its life cycle.
Life cycle inventory of wood free printing paper was investigated by Mitsubishi Paper Mills and University of Tokyo to establish the methodology for pulp and paper industry. Based on the experience of investigation, specific issues of LCA for pulp and paper industry were extracted. The major solutions for these issues are as follows
(1) To establish “Guidelines on life cycle assessment in pulp and paper industry”
(2) To produce LCI database for paper additives
(3) To develop the methodology of impact assessment for land useView full abstractDownload PDF (3726K) -
Negotiation at COP 6 and ScienceYoshiki Yamagata2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1374-1382,022
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe debates about how the sinks of GHG should be accounted under the Kyoto Protocol were delivered of Article 3.3 about the so-called “Kyoto Forest”, which includes Aforestation, Reforestation and Deforestation (ARD) into the scope of the Protocol. However, the definition of these terms has not been established explicitly, and so, depending on the definition of “Reforestation”, the carbon sequestration accounting of forest management activities may vary greatly from country to country. This difference in the institutional arrangement of sinks has some political implications for countries under the Kyoto Protocol.View full abstractDownload PDF (2857K) -
Koji Kobayashi2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1383-1392,022
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFaced with the difficulty of siting the new landfill facilities, the Japanese government seeks to create the closed-loop economy through ensuring the effective use of resources and environmental protection. The Law for Promotion of Effective Use of Resources (Revision of a part of the Law for Promotion Utilization of Recyclable Resources) was enacted in order to promote 3 R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) in June 2000. Based on this law, the Cabinet Order and the Ministerial Ordinances were enacted in March 2001. They designate what products and businesses this law applies to and what standards the producers and/or importers of the designated products have to comply with. This new regulation came into force on the 1 st of April 2001.View full abstractDownload PDF (2701K) -
Tsukasa Nisogi2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1393-1400,022
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Japan Paper Association implemented “Recycle 56 Plan” in 1995, in which 56% of waste paper utilization rate was set as a target to be achieved by the end of 2000. We successfully achieved it one year before the target date. Then, the Paper Recycle Engineering Committee has reviewed related issues such as limit of utilization rate, impact on natural environment, cost, and gap between recovery rate and utilization rate in order to decide a new target for 2005.
As a result of the review, we found out that the technically possible highest utilization rate for the current paper product mix in Japan is approximately 65%. However, taking possible recovery rate in 2005 into consideration, we can say that upper limit of utilization rate in 2005 will be about 60%. We also found out that at the level of 60%, impact on natural environment will be also improved. However, it is also true that not so many paper mills can financially justify investment in DIP capacity expansion even though today's market price of waste paper is the lowest in the history. We set the new target of60% of waste paper utilization rate for 2005 last December. but we still have to tackle many challenges to achieve it.View full abstractDownload PDF (2925K) -
Shogo Kachi2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1401-1409,023
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn 2002, the quantities of dioxins in pulp and paper mill effluents, stack gases and ashes must conform to the tighter National Standards. The permissible limits given in total TEQ are 10 pg/L for the mill effluent, 0.1 to 10ng/Nm3 for the stack gas of waste incineration and 3ng/g for the ash. The limits for the stack gas are classified by the type of furnace. The total TEQ include 7 PCDDs, 10 PCDFs and 12 co-planar PCBs. The trace analyses of such many dioxins are so complicated that it seems to be difficult to understand the details of the analytical results. This paper describes the analytical procedure of dioxins and several characteristics of the results.View full abstractDownload PDF (2106K) -
Hiroshi Ohi, Kunitaka Toyofiiku, Tetsuo Aoyagi, Hiroshi Araki, Toru Ta ...2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1410-1418,023
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS2001 TAPPI International Environmental Health & Safety Conference was held at Charlotte Convention Center in Charlotte. NC on April 22-25. The co-sponsors were PAPTAC. USDA (US Department of Agriculture) Forest Service and NCASI. The main theme was “Developing Partnerships for Sustainable Success”.
About 500 people got together to share and discuss their current environmental issues. There were 60 sessions. NCASI had two sessions in which recent information about TMDL and PBT issues were provided. OHSA held 6 sessions first this year and emphasized the importance of occupational health and safety.View full abstractDownload PDF (2677K) -
Environmental Technology Committee JAPAN TAPPI, Industrial Wastes Co ...2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1419-1425,024
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith co-operation of 111 paper mills, the 1999 Statistics on Industrial Residuals Generation and Their Utilization was summarized as follows: comparing to 1998, 1) the total amount was 2, 598×103 BDT and increased by 4.5% as much more waste paper was recycled and paper production reached the highest level, 2) the utilization rate improved by 3 points to 31%, 3) the disposal rate reduced by 3 points to 12%.
The total quantity of utilized residuals was 1, 217×103 BDT, about 84% of which was composed of the three predominant ones: pulp & paper sludge (511-103 BDT), boiler ashes (280-103 BDT) and fly-ashes (231×103BDT). The large parts of these were reused as raw materials in the domestic cement industry.View full abstractDownload PDF (1124K) -
Wood Science Committee JAPAN TAPPI2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1426-1442,024
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
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For Soft Calender & Hard Nip Calender-Kazuhiro Fujimoto2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1443-1451,025
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
Presently. the many paper mills have been calendering the paper & paperboard with the High Temperature Induction Heated Jacket Roll. called “Jacket Roll” in Japan.& Oversea Countries.
Mainly. it is used for the Soft Calender & Hard Nip Calender under the high speeds at the high tetemperature. Because of recently, the many kinds of the paper & paperboard are requesting the good smoothness with bulk, good printability.& high gloss at the paper mills in the world.
The paper & paperboard can be made the good quality by the Soft Calender & Hard Nip Calender with Jacket Roll under the lower nip pressure at the high temperature.
In this report. just introduce the instance of operation by the High Temperature Induction Heated Jacket Roll for Soft Calender & Hard Nip Calender at the paper mills in the Oversea Countries.View full abstractDownload PDF (3339K) -
Peter J. Weis, Stephen W. Eliot, Satoshi Takano, Takashi Kasai2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1452-1456,025
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere are a lot of myths today around the use of synthetic lubricants. However, the realization that synthetic lubricants can contribute to a pulp & paper mills bottom line is becoming a reality.
The objective of this presentation is to provide an understanding on the use of synthetic lubricants and to assist mill personnel in the evaluation of their application. To accomplish this the term “syn thetic” needs to be defined. The different types of synthetic lubricants along with the specific performance benefits will be addressed. We would like to provide a technical answer on the benefits of using synthetic lubricants and how to identify the areas in the mills where the benefitsmay be achieved.Specific mill case histories will be highlighted to support how the benefits are realized. These case histories will involve both synthetic oil and grease applications. Synthetic lubricants must be able to do what a mineral oil lubricant can not or provide an economic benefit. We would like to provide ideas for personnel to go back to their mills and be able to identify cost saving areas.View full abstractDownload PDF (3117K) -
[in Japanese]2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1457
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
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[in Japanese]2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1460
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
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Koji Okomori, Pierre LePoutre2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1461-1469,026
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe influence of the size, the size distribution and the shape of a pigment on the out-of-plane cohesive strength of pigmented coatings was investigated systematically. At equivalent mean size, a broader distribution gave higher strength. At a similar size distribution, a larger size gave a higher cohesive strength at a given latex content. And at equivalent size and size distribution, isometric Calcite gave a much higher strength than acicular Aragonite. However, most of the observed effects could be explained when considering the differences in void fraction of these coatings, pointing to the overwhelming importance of coating density, although the general inverse relationship between strength and void fraction-including size, size distribution, and shape-was poor.
A model of closed-packed spheres was developed to calculate void fraction, binder requirement and cohesive strength. Calculated void fraction agrees with the literature. The model predicts no influence of pigment size on binder requirement and cohesive strength: experimental results confirm that, at constant void fraction, the effect is indeed minor.View full abstractDownload PDF (2541K) -
Junko Kajimoto, Yoshihiro Sano2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1470-1479,026
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHBS pulping process with saving-energy, and non-pollution was investigated using aqueous solvents (HBS) with the boiling point of about 200°C. Softwood, hardwood and annual plants were satisfactorily pulped with HBS process. RHBS obtained by removing only high molecular-weight lignin from HBS pulping spent liquors were reused several times as pulping solvents, though it contained sugars, modified sugars, low molecular-weight lignin and so forth as secondary components in addition to HBS.
RHBS was more excellent as the pulping solvent than pure HBS. The delignification accelerated with RHBS was attributed to aldoses present in RHBS Delignification with HBS and RHBS were found to follow two pseudo first-order kinetics, bulk and final phases, respectively. The rate constant of the bulk phase with RHBS was about 1.5 times larger than that with HBS. We propose that the delignification is improved by aldosolysis, When heated with aqueous neutral solvents at temperatures of above 200°C, lignin is depolymerized by homolysis, which is accelerated by aldosolysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (1908K) -
2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1480-1488
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
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2001 Volume 55 Issue 10 Pages 1489-1492
Published: October 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
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