Together with the active dispersion of plants from the inside toward the outside of Nagoya City, there are many plants newly established in the city and many diffused within the city. The number of the diffused plants in 1969 is 407, which is more than that of the newly established plants (231) and also more than that of the dispersed plants (149). The dispersed plants are usually bigger than the diffused plants and newly established ones. This may be a mechanism of the discharging of bigger plants from the city area and the accumulating of small plants in the big city, Nagoya (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5).
The locational fields within the city may be divided into three kinds, that of discharging, metabolic and absorbing. The central wards, Naka, Nakamura, Higashi, Mizuho and Atsuta form the discharging field in which the removers to the outside of the wards are more than the total of the number of the newcomers and that of the newly established plants. However, in the neighboring wards, Minami, Nakagawa, Nishi, Kita, Chikusa, all the newly located plants, newcomers and newly established plants, are more than the removers. And we may discern these wards form the metabolic locational field. The other fringe wards, Minato, Showa, Midori, Moriyama form the absorbing field, in which only the newcomers among the newly located plants count more than the removers (Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6).
Each of the five wards forming a discharging field has much commercial land and less vacant land. And a metabolic field has two different areas respectively in each ward; one is an old Nagoya City which has much commercial and manufacturing land and less vacant land, and the other is an area newly incorporated into Nagoya City which has much vacant land. Needless to say, four wards forming absorbing field have much more vacant land (Figs. 7, 8, Table 1).
In the above mentioned locational fields, the discharge of plants has been brought about owing to the shortage of land to meet with the expansion of production as well as the severe control of noises and pollution. As for the diffused plants, they are absorbed on the vacant land, most of which are leased land under less complaints of grievance against the loud noises and pollution. And in comparison with these two factors, both pulling force by users and better locational conditions have only a slight influence on the diffusion of plants (Tables 2, 3).
To speak of the products of plants in Nagoya City, more than half of them are consumed by users in Nagoya City. On the other hand, the supply of materials from Nagoya City exert much more influences either on the diffusion or on the dispersion of plants, seeing that they get more than 75.0% of their materials from Nagoya City. And I think I must add that subcontructed plants and abundant labor force, accumulated within the city are also the basic condition which make those small plants stay in the city.

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Since Rikuchû Coast (the central part of the Pacific Coast in northeastern Japan) is a Rias coast, the damage in case of seismic sea wave in is great. Accordingly, land for the urban development is limited, urban institutional arrangements densely accumulate in the small spaces, and rationality is lacking in the arrangement. This is a factor for urban public nuisance in this point.
The coastal cities in Rikuchû are small scale cities with populations from thirty thousand to seventy thousand, and in every city its own finance is scanty, and its constructive investment is retarded. For that reason, the lack of balance between city population and urban institutions occurs, and the imperfection of urban environments results. And in this point, there is another factor of urban public nuisance.
The coastal cities in Rikuchû, with such predestinated factors of urban public nuisance, become fishing industrial bases, as the coast faces to the Sanriku fishing ground to the east, and in the cities there are many marine product processing manufactories.
Consequently, the sea waters in the bay with coastal cities around is polluted by plenty of drainage from the manufactories. At the same time, as coastal industry locates in the coastal cities, the atmosphere of the coastal cities are becoming polluted by the smokes and dusts from the manufactories.

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This is a study of latent urban public nuisance in Morioka City. In the city, daily life of the citizens is not affected by urban public nuisance. But, before public nuisance is exposed in the citizen life, it is necessary to study on the principles of the policy to prevent.
Morioka is a city where local central administrative functions are highly accumulated, a nuclear city in the northern part of northeast Japan. In Morioka City, the urban institutions are comparatively accumulated. Though the urban public nuisance is not remarkable here, but it is not true that the city is free from urban public nuisance. The urban public nuisance in Morioka City is gradually increasing in quantity.
An instance is as follows.
In the suburbs of Morioka, the residental quarter is sprawling, and the construction of drainpipes does not follow the speed of the urban expansion, Accordingly, in the outskirts of Morioka City, the irrigation water is polluted by the drainage from the residential areas.
In Morioka City, factories, the source of public nuisance, are highly accumulated, but the pollution of atmosphere in Morioka City is rather slight. Numerous printing factories and lumbermills in Morioka, there are, so that there is noise public nuisance.
The streets in Morioka are narrow and complex. Especially, in the neighborhood of the bridges, many streets join, and the road system is very complex; consequently, there is traffic jam, and hence public nuisance of transpotation noise.
As the counter-measure of urban public nuisance in the city, we claim that industrial parks where all manufactories of the city are concentrated be constructed, and by this powerful means public nuisance be prevented.
Then, we should utilize, the open space which the nanufactories have been moved as public land.

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Since the Industrial Revolution, the development of modern industries has brought about a lot of environmental pollution by the wastes, and the human environment has been polluted. In Japan, pollution problems occurred in the big cities where industries and population were extremely integrated through high economic growth after 1955. We clarified here the kinds and the actual situation of pollution and the relation between pollution and regional structure in Kitakyushu City.
While air and water pollution and land subsidence are mainly found in the western Japanese cities, the former two types of pollution were especially noticeable in Kitakyushu City as follows;
1. Air pollution
Remarkable pollutants are sulphur oxide (the average in the city is 0.933mg/100cm²/a day, the maximum amount is found in June, the minimum is in October) and falling dust (the city average is 15.4t/km²/a day, the month maximum or minimum occurs are contrary to that of sulphur oxide). There is no distinguishing inclination in floating dust and other pollutants. They are concentrated at the crowded industry area located along the coast of the Sea of Hibiki. Many plants of chemistry, iron and steel, and electric power exhaust a great quantity of sulphur oxide. In such extremely contaminated places as Shiroyama in Yawata and Okidai in Tobata, pollution is one of social problems. However, their amount of sulphur oxide and dust does not exceed the provisional levels established as for human environment by the Agency of Environment.
2. Water pollution
The water pollution is mainly noticed in rivers and sea water. In Kitakyushu, sea water in Dokai Bay and the sludges at the bottom are remarkably polluted by arsenic, organic phosphorus and total mercury, and cadmium, arsenic cyanide (30ppm) and lead (1, 869ppm) included in 3 meters depth respectively. The amount of each pollutant of the former exceeds the standard value of the environmental level. Much pollutants of the latter are contained particularly in the depths of the bay extending over the center and the southern part. They comes from oil slicks from the vessels, industrial and municipal drainage.
3. Relation between pollution and area
Pollution brings about various problems to cities. It finally injures the inhabitants' health. Kitakyushu City has the increased number of asthmatic-like disease patients of juvenility. On the other hand, pollution makes citizens' complaints and representations increase.
Administrative authorities are requested to establish more strict standard of pollution and countermeasures.

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This is a report based on several results of the analyses of the relation between the urban structure and Kôgai related to the processing industry of marine products, in four cities (Hakodate, Otaru, Rumoi and Wakkanai) which are situated on the western coast of Hokkaido.
There are nasty smell and water pollution in urban Kôgai which is caused by the above industry. These nasty smell have much influence over the relatively limited range of urban areas in Hakodate and Otaru, while they tend to spread all over the urban areas in Rumoi and Wakkanai. As to water pollution on the other hand, the conditions are diversified among these cities.
From these analyses, the writer revealed some regional differences between Hakodate, Otaru and Rumoi, Wakkanai in the consciousness of the inhabitants and the counter-measures for these Kôgai.

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The monuments are consisted of two large polished stonens with inscriptions dealing with the latitude of Tôni, the names of constellations around the North Pole, and the development of land survey in Japan. Both of them were at first established on a hill over-looking Tôni Bay, but have been removed separately to nearby places. They were believed to have been built in commemoration of the great enterprise of land survey by INÔ-Tadataka, whose surveying party visited Tôni village in 1801. However, detailed analysis of the inscription of one of the monuments revealed that they were built, besides the reminiscence of Inô's work, to ascertain the presence of gradual change of the latitudal position of Tôni in later years, which was determined by Inô as 39°12′N. The conception was probably concerned with an imaginative understanding of the Copernican theory which was introduced at that period through Japanese translation of Dutch astronomical books.

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Als das Landschaftsbildeselement der ländlichen Siedlung und das Lebensraum des Bauernhäuses ist das Nebengebäude so wichtig wie das Hauptgebäude. Aber die positiven Analysen für diese Nebengebäude in einem konkreten Gebiet sind bisherig sehr wenig.
In diesem Aufsatz hat der Verfasser über den gegenwärtigen Zustand von den Nebengebäude der Bauernhäuser ein Beispiel aus den drei Siedlungen (Asahi, Kitanagasida, und Minaminagasida) in Miyazakimachi angeführt, und dadurch versucht er eine Veränderungstendenz des Nebengebäudes in diesen ländlichen Siedlungen zu betrachten.
Die Ergebnisse sind wie folgt;
1, Es gibt eine Neigung, daß die Zahl der Nebengebäude von jedem Bauernhause eine positive Korrelation mit der Anbaufläche jedes Bauernhauses und dem Bauzeitalter jedes Hauptegebäudes hat.
2, Im allgemeinen haben die Bauernhäuser mit vielen Nebengebäuden für ihre Produktionsleben auch viele Nebengebäude für ihres allgemeine Wohnleben.
3, Es ist seibstverständlich, daß es die feste Zusammenhang zwischen die Veränderungen des Nebengebäudes und die der Hauptgebäudesfunktonen gibt. In der oben erwähnten Siedlungen haben die Abschaffung der inneren Ställe und die Aufstellung der inneren Badezimmer und Toiletten von den Neubaubauernhäusern den gegenwärtigen Zustand der Nebengebäude beeinflußt.

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The author and his collaborators have been studying moors and other features seen on the South Hakkôda Mountains, Aomori Prefecture.
In this paper, the author reports some periglacial and nival morphology there.
1. Such characteristic features are densely developed on the swampy slope (photo 1) along a ridge extending to the south-east from the top of Kushigamine, the highest peak within the mountains.
2. At the highest part of the swampy slope, undulating landforms (photo 2) are distributed; they may be earth hummocks. A C-14 date suggests the ages of two volcanic ash layers underlying the surface are about 1, 400yrs. B. P. and 3, 000yrs. B. P. respectively.
3. Below the just-mentioned part, a nivation niche is developed. Stone-banked terraces are formed within the niche (photo 3).

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The studied areas are two; the midstream area of the Kôtô River and the Saida River area in the northern foot of the Asan Mountains, Shikoku. The geomorphic surfaces distributed in the two areas can be classified into four groups, namely H, M, L₁ and L₂ surfaces. The H and M surfaces were formed as fans overlying the Pliocene Mitoyo Formation. These fan deposits consist of weathered boulder gravels. The L₁ and L₂ surfaces are distributed only along the Saida River: the deposits underlying the two surfaces are not so weathered compared with the cases of the H and M surfaces.
In the studied area, there are some major faults of east-west trend and minor faults north-south trend and these faults divide this region into east-west belts or blocks. The faults were active during the deposition of the Mitoyo Formation. But after the H surface was formed, the faults became inactive except the Nagao (N. F. in Fig. 1, 2), the Ayutaki (A. F.) and the Iwasaki (I. F.) Faults. The Ayutaki Fault dislocated the H surface and the west part of the Nagao Fault dislocated the M surface.
The southern foot of the Asan Mountains is bordered by the Median Tectonic Line, many opinions about the fault topography having been presented. The comparative study on the faults in both sides of the Asan Mountains will be made in future.

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There are many sand waves developed on the gravel bank at the depth of about 11 meters lying in the Kanmon Passage. In 1971, sand waves were eliminated by the dredging to the depth of about 12 meters. By the sounding of this bank in 1972, we found sand waves again having wave length and amplitude same as those of the former sand waves in the same area.
There are two types of sand wave; erosional and depositional.
The former is formed on the level lower than the level of adjacent sea bottom, and the latter corresponds to the level of adjacent sea bottom.

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Im allgemeinen kann man vier typische Weisen für die Austrocknung der Reispflanze nach der Ernte klassifizieren: d. h. A: Hase: B: Sankaku-hase C: Kuigake D: Jiboshi
Während des Herbst, 1972, beobachtete der Verfasser die Verbreitung jedes Typus einige Route entlang im nordöstlichen Japan mit dem Auto. Die Verbreitung jedes Typus ist wie in der Figur.

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