This is a study of the changes in the location of manufacturing industry in Japan. More precisely it is an application of Fuchs' new statistical approach. The results of this analysis based on the Censns of Manufactures (Report by Industry) can be summarized as follows.
(1) Although there has been a significant shift in to location of manufacturing as is shown in Tab. 7, the difference in relative growth between an adjusted and unadjusted basis is not so noticeable with the exception of few regions.
(2) Economic growth tends to be greatest in certain regions of Kanto and Tôkai. That is, only there regions gained, and the others lost compared with what they would have had if they had grown at the national rate.
(3) Most of the gains in many regions took place in heavy manufacturing.
(4) One of the contraversial conclusions at which this work arrived concerns a problem of the influeuce of industrial structure. With respect to this point, Hokuriku and many other region has been apparently handicapped by an unfavorable structure. On the other hand, the region with a favorable structure has been Kanto, and this accounts for a large part of the relative gain of this region.

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Based on the survey of the present distribution of government offices, public institutions, wholesale stores, principal retail stores, department stores, amusement facilities and principal restaurants, the writer delimited the present urban center.
According to this survey, present urban center is mostly located on the north shore of Kushiro River between the railway station and the Nusamai Bridge and partly located on the south shore.
The built-up area and urban center originally developed near the harbour on the south shore, and after the opening of railway in 1901 the built-up area gradually expanded to the north shore and urban center moved with it.
After World War II, the built-up area expanded rapidly on the north shore and the most part of urban center also developed there. But areal expansion of urban center was not so considerable as that of the built-up area, since many residences were still remaining in the center of the city.
In the interior of urban center, principal shopping street developed and business offices and new buildings are concentrated near the Nusamai Bridge on the north shore. But functional differentiation of urban center is not yet clear and rearrangement work is still in progress in this area.

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Four port cities in Hokkaido, Hakodate, Otaru, Muroran and Kushiro, are the objects of our study. Analysing them, we laid emphasis on following three points.
(1) Characteristics of four port cities in the view of stastics
(2) The land utilization in an area near port districts and the port facilities; by means of the maps and in relation to the distance from the mooring piers
(3) The connection between port and function of city
We reached the following conclusions.
(1) Hakodate port relies strongly on Aomori-Hakodate ship-line, and its influence on function of city becomes weak slowly.
(2) Otaru port deepens its subordination to Sapporo, and shows stagnant character similar to Hakodate.
(3) The functional differentiation is most distinctive in Muroran port, and it posseses three functions as a port of intermediate, industrial and coal loading.
(4) Kushiro port is characteristically a fishing base, but it begins to posses an intermediate functionn with, the development of the east part of Hokkaido.

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In the surrounding area of Rya-zan Volcano (a member of the Zao volcanic group), there are several lakes and swamps, large or small. General survey of these lakes was carried out by KATO, one of the authors. and the results were published in 1961. The present authors carried on limnological study of the lakes in the vicinity of Zao spa with following results. The morphometrical data calculated from the bathymetric maps (Figs. 2-5) are summarized in the next table.
From the hydrochemical point of view, the authors classifies these lakes into the following two groups.
{Group A: Laks Sakazuki-ko, Lake Shiginoyachi-numa
Group B: Lake Dokko-numa, Lake Katakai-numa
The lakes of the former group are distributed at the bottom of Takayu explosion crater, Ryu-zan Volcano. Subjected to the sulfataric action of the volcano, the water is characterized by the high content of sulfate ion. The water of the lakes of the Group B, located between Ryu-zan Volcano and the Zao Proper, is not directly influenced by the activity of the Zao volcanic group.

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In the course of study of hill landform, it seems necessary to investigate not only the initial surface of the hill which is shown as accordant-height summits and is conceived to indicate a baselevel of erosion in an earlier age, but the processes of destruction or modification from initial surface into the present relief, the processes suggested, in the shapes of present valleys and slopes.
In the hilly land shown in Fig. 1, situated to the south of Sendai, there are two levels of accordant-height summits, H_I and H_II Levels. The Levels cut the Miocene Formation in the major part, and, in the minor part H_I Level is underlain with weathered round gravel bed of the middle or lower Pleistocene. Above the summits of H_I and H_II Levels, protrude some peaks grouped into H_I. Theose Levels are surrounded by a lowlying hill surface, H_III originated from the denudation surface formed prior to the fall of Yellow Pumice. Characteristic gentle slopes and shallow valleys were formed over whole area shown in Fig. 1, when the T_I terrace formation proceeded. That terrace is correlated to the last low sea level by NAKAGAWA et al. (1960). Those slopes and valleys are in the surface forms continuous not only to T_I but to the higher Levels especially to H_I and they cut Yellow Pumice Bed, Such landforms, judged from their geological and morphological features, seem to be mainly formed with a kind of mass-movement on the valley-sides. Gentle slopes here may be Cryopediment by WAKO (1963). Through the formation of such geomorphological elements, Coarsetexthred landscape (COTTON, 1963) was arranged over the whole area, later some parts are reduced into Fine-textured landscape (COTTON, op. cit.) through the V-shaped valley formation. The Coarse-textured landscape is preserved better where the local baselevel is high. Throughout those processes, geological structure has continuously influenced the lartdform development and certain tectonic, movements took place even after the formation of T_I surface.

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Since 1955, the development of housing projects clearing the forests has particularly been remarkable in the north and south-western parts of the hills around the urbanized area of Sendai (Fig. 1). Those sites are classified into two types: One is with areas continuous from the peripheral part of old built-up area, and the other is a type in which newly dryveloped areas are separated from that.
Less than 10% of the capital invested for the development is public funds.
The differenses between public and non-public developments are shown in the age composition of population (Fig. 2).

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In 1959, National Capital Development Commission of Canberra made a Five-year Plan (1959-1964) to construct the city as the capital, the garden city with a safe and efficient traffic and transportation system. After the Five-year Plan, Canberra has an artificial lake which divides the city into northern and the southern districts. To the north of the city, several new residential districts called “neighbourhood” are built to absorb the increasing population. Each “neighbourhood” accommodates approximately 5, 000 people around a primary school and other facilities and is connected to the central facilities by arterial roads. Now, estimating the population growth at a rate of ten thousand peopole per a year, the Commission develops two large residential areas in the northwest and the southwest sides of the city.

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The cool summer damage in the rice crops frequently occurs in northeastern Japan, because the cool summer often appears in this district. Fig. 1 shows the distribution of number of years in which the mean air temperature of July records minus deviation value above -2°C from annual averages in the period of 1900-1959, Fig. 2 shows the distribution of that above -2.5°C, and Fig. 3 shows the distribution of that above -3°C. From these maps, the central areas in the cool summer area are known.

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As a supplements to his previous paper, the author reports on the recent change of the newly reclaimed upland fields into rice fields in the Showa settlements in Yamagata prefecture. That is, with the exception of only three farms managing orchards of aples and etc., seventy four farms carrying on ordinary field farming with dairy farming have changed their upland fields into the rice fields depending on new irrigation sources, and seventeen farms belonging to the first Showa, settlement have completed the constructionn of rice fields. The average acreage scale of rice field per farm surpassed 5.0ha and the increased acreage was obtained by means of the conversion of the land formerly used as windbreaks and grasslands.

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