1. In this report three subtypes of axyridis, axyridis-1 (Figs. 2, 3), axyridis-2 (Figs. 4-7) and axyridis-3 (Figs. 8-10), and two subtypes of aulica, aulica-1 (Fig. 11) and aulica-2 (Fig. 12), are dealt with. Each of these subtypes is due to a factor (P^A-1=factor for axyridis-1, P^A-2 =factor for axyridis-2, P^A-3 = factor for axyridis-3 , P^Au-1 =factor for aulica-1 and P^Au-2=factor for aulica-2) belonging to the same allelomorphic series as conspicua (P^C), gutta (P^G), distincta (PD), transversifascia (P^T), spectabilis (P^S), rostrata (P^R), forficula (P^F), succinea-1 (p¹), succinea-2 (p²), succinea-3 (p³), succinea-4 (p⁴), succinea-5 (p⁵) and succinea-6 (p⁶) .
2. The homozygotes of both axyridis-1 and axyridis-3 die, but the heterozygote of axyridis-1 and axyridis-3 are viable and fertile. Thus both the genes have a lethal effect in the homozygous state, or else they are closely linked with a lethal gene.
3. The homozygotes between the three subtypes of axyridis and succinea-1 (or 2) showing no black spot at 30°C, can be distinguished from one another by the mode of confluence of the individual orange spots if bred at 30°C.
4. Aulica-1 which can be separated from aulica-2 by having no black indentation along the median of the elytra, behaves as a sh-nple recessive to aulica-2.

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(1) In the spring culture of 1940, two male larvae of a dominant mutation appeared among the offspring of an F₁ hybrid between Sanminsiro and Chinese 108 (Fig. 1-b, c).
Genetical studies showed that the multiple effects of the mutant gene, which is denoted by N, greatly resembled those of the “Additional Crescent” gene Ca, described by Suzuki and Ota, in 1930, and by Hasimoto, in 1940.
The gene effects of N, however, differ considerably from those of Ca in the form of the homozygous embryo, which both die in the late embryonal stage.
(2) In the homozygote, the mutant embryo developed both thoracic and abdominal appendages, while that of the “Additional Crescent” developed only thoracic legs (Fig. 2-A, B).
(3) An interesting fact is that one-fourth of the eggs of every batch of the cross between Ca and N die in the embryonal stage, the same as in the case of the homozygote of Ca or N, the embryonal form of Ca dominating that of N in the CaN embryo.
From the remaining three-fourths of the eggs of the same batch, healthy larvae hatched out, segregating into two kinds of larvae, additional crescent and normal, in the ratio of 2 : 1.
(4) The N gene, which has the same locus as the Kp in the chromosome, belongs to the Kp-lk linkage group, constituting one of the Kp-multiple alleles.

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1) Two kinds of shell abnormalities, double-lobed and slitted, were obtained in old cultures of both Arcella hemisphaerica and Centropyxis aculeata. The phenotypes are similar to those previously described by Reynolds (1923) and Jollos (1924) in Arcella polypora.
2) The abnormalities were inherited only to a few of their progeny most of which were quite normal individuals.
3) It has been shown that the time (2 to 12 months) during which the progenitor of the clones had been kept in old culture favoring the appearance of the abnormal individuals, has nothing to do with the degree of inheritance of the characters in question.
4) Though the old cultures are liable to yield more shell abnormalities than the new ones, as found in Arcella polypora by previous investigators, it is somewhat doubtful whether the change is the enduring modification in Jollos' sense (1924, 1939).
5) The necessity has been pointed out in relation to enduring modification to make distinction between the mechanism of appearance of the new character and the mechanism of its inheritance.
6) There is no causal relation between the abnormality of the shell and the nuclear number in Arcella hemisphaerica.
7) In Arcella hemisphaerica, the nuclear number is heritable. The shell of the trinucleate line is larger than that of the binucleate line, the ratio being 1.24 to 1.00 in diameter.

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This paper diels with the fasciation and the, other abnormalities experimentally produced in soy bean and Azuki bean by the treatment of seeds with the aqueous solution of heteroauxin.
1. In 0.15% (Exp.I) and 0.1% (Exp. II) aqueous solutions of heteroauxin, air dry seeds were soaked for 10, 20, , 30, 40, and 50 hours (A-E) the former, and for 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 hours (B-F) in the latter. In both experiments, the seeds thus treated were washed with water and sown in the field to observe the effects of the treatment. The seed-soaking in the chemical was carried out in a thermostat kept at 25°C.
2. In soy bean the following abnormalities were met with as shown in Table 1. (a) Two or three branches, instead of one, are produced on the third node. (b) Two compound leaves are produced oppositely on the third node (Fig. 16) and 1-5 branches arise from it. (c) The petioles of the two opposite leaves on the third node are united on one side (Fig. 1c) and 0-5 branches are produced at their base. (d) The petioles of the two opposite leaves on the third node are united cylindrically on both sides, including and suppressing, the apical growth point. of the plant (Fig. 1d); accordingly branches arise from the first and the second nodes. (6) The growth of the main stem stops at the early stage of growth, accordingly branches are produced only on the first node (Fig. 1e).
3. Fasciation was observed in some of the branches grown on tne tnird node of the plants belonging to (a), (b), and (c) type abnormalities (Fig. 2), and in some of those branches on the first node of (e) type abnormal plant (Fig. 3).
4. As shown in Table 2, the proportions of the fasciated plants to the total seedlings tend to increase with the length of treatment and with the concentration of the solution, but in the case where the length of treatment is too long, the proportion tend to decrease on the contrary; this seems to be due to the increase in the number of the individuals belonging to (c) and (d) type abnormalities, which accompany with little fasciation, in Exps. I-E, II-E and II-F.
5. Fasciation is accompanied with (b) type abnormality more frequently than with the other types.
6. In Azuki bean, the following abnormalities were observed, but fasciation was not met with at all. (a) The production of opposite leaves on the third node; (b) the production of simple leaves on the third node and (c) the production of compound leaves having supernumeral leaflets on the third or the forth node.

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The fruit and husk of a certain varieties of rice put on dark violet colour, With phenol, and this character behaves as simple Menderian dominant against non-colouring. It is ascertained that, the factor for colouring (PH) links with the factor for liguleless and the factors for the apiculus as well as glume colours.

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