遺伝学雑誌

Radiation Genetics of Sesame Part III

Morphological changes and mutants induced by ionizing radiations

Teisaku KOBAYASHI

1958 年 33 巻 8 号 p. 239-261
発行日: 1958年
公開日: 2007/11/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1266/jjg.33.239

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

1) Plants or dormant seeds of three different forms of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivated in Japan, B₁D(BAN-type), WD(3BO-type) and WD₈ (QAN-type), were treated with four different radiations, (β-ray from P³², X-ray, γ-ray from Co⁶⁰, and β-ray+X-ray).
2) Morphologically modified plants and several mutants obtained from the treated plants or from their progenies were compared with the controls as to vegetative and floral organs.
3) Three important morphological changes were observed: Alteration of phyllotaxis, development of nectary to flower or capsule, and alteration of loculus number per capsule by addition of an extra carpel.
4) The extra-floral nectary of Sesamum is homologous to the floral bud; by the radiation treatment, several transitional forms from nectray to flower are obtained.
5) The form B₁D(BAN-type), gives many modified and mutant types and among them there are the same types as 3BO-type(WD) and QAN-type(WD₈), used as the materials in the present study.
6) In certain mutants, there was a greater increase in the seed yield per plant than in that (yield) of the control; therefore, such mutants were marked as beneficial ones (Mutant SM3-20, SM3-22, etc.).
7) The relation between the normal cultivated type and the induced mutant type is discussed from the sesame evolutional point of view, the result proving that B₁D(BAN-type) may be the most primitive type among the sesame forms cultivated in Japan.

抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (1113K)
Competition between Brown Gene and its Wild Type Allele in Drosophila melanogaster

I. The Effect of Population Density

Ken NOZAWA

1958 年 33 巻 8 号 p. 262-271
発行日: 1958年
公開日: 2007/11/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1266/jjg.33.262

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

1. Competition experimets between the brown gene and its wild type allele were carried out by using population bells and ordinary culture ottles. The mutant brown gene was almost always superior to it wild type allele.
2. The parental population size of 50 to 150 per generation was sufficient to suppress random gene-fixation and to secure an increase of frequency of the brown genes. Therefore, the adaptive superiority of the brown gene to its wild type allele under experimental conditions was regarded to be considerably high.
3. The following properties of brown homozygote were found and considered as factors of the adaptive superiority of the brown gene in competition experiments.
a) The viability of brown. homozygote increased under high larval population density.
b) The larvae of brown homozygotes grew more rapidly in mixed culture with wild-type larvae than in pure culture.

抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (508K)
ショウジョウバエのパラチオンに対する抵抗性の遺伝発生学的研究

II. 組織培養による各器官のパラチオン抵抗性

田村眞二

1958 年 33 巻 8 号 p. 272-281
発行日: 1958年
公開日: 2007/11/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1266/jjg.33.272

ジャーナルフリー

抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする

1. キイロショウジョウバエ (D. melanogaster) の殺虫剤非抵抗性 Fukuoka, Canton-S と抵抗性系統 Hikone, WMBの3令成熟幼虫 (孵化後約96時間) よりその眼原基, 翅原基, 脳神節複合体, 肢原基, 平衡桿原基, 唾腺等を取り出し, これらを合成培養基中で体外培養をおこない, 培養基中にそれぞね 25.0ppm, 50.0ppmのパラチオンを添加して, 培養諸器官に対するパラチオンの影響をしらべた。
2. 25.0ppmのパラチオンを添加した場合, 培養24時間後は Fukuoka, Canton-S の眼原基, 翅原基, 脳神経節複合体, 肢原基等は Hikone, WMBに比較して, 相当の成長阻害を示した。
平衡桿原基はいずれの系統も相当の成長阻害を受け, 唾腺はいずれの系統も影響は最も少なかった。
3. 50.0ppmのパラチオンを添加した場合, 非抗抗性系統, 抵抗性系統ともに培養24時間後に相当の成長阻害が現われ, 系統による差異は見出されなかった。

抄録全体を表示

PDF形式でダウンロード (2508K)

J-STAGEへの登録はこちら（無料）