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Volume 79, Issue 932-933
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Yukiyoshi OGAWA1966 Volume 79 Issue 932-933 Pages 69-76
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The separation of ethyl acetate-soluble (acid and neutral) and “water-soluble” gibberellin-like substances from the seeds of Pharbitis nil, Lupinus luteus and Prunus persica was investigated.
2. Ethanol extracts were made and evaporated to a water phase. Substances remaining in the water phase after extraction with ethyl acetate at pH 3 were adsorbed on charcoal and then eluted with acetone. This eluate was designated the “water-soluble” gibberellin-like substances. The ethyl acetate extract was further separated into acid and neutral fractions. All fractions were then separated by paper-chromatography using four different solvent systems.
3. In both the acid and the “water-soluble” fractions of Pharbitis, the zones of gibberellin-like activity on chromatograms has quite different Rf values from eachother. The active zone of the acid fraction was similar to that of gibberellins A1, A3 and A6. The active zones of the “water-soluble” fraction were entirely different from those of gibberellins A1-A9.
4. The main active zones of the “water-soluble” fraction of Lupinus were similar to those of the acid fraction. The Rf values of these active zones were different from those of the gibberellins A1-A9.
5. In both the acid and “water-soluble” fractions of Prunus, gibberellin-like activity was found at the same Rf values. These Rf values differed from those of any of the gibberellins A1-A9.View full abstractDownload PDF (667K) -
Mitsuru SAKAMOTO1966 Volume 79 Issue 932-933 Pages 77-88
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe variation of chlorophyll-a amount in euphotic zone was studied in some lakes of central Japan with special reference to the effect of factors controlling it, and moreover the significance of the variation of chlorophyll amount in the photosynthetic production of community was examined.
1. The large chlorophyll-a amount of euphotic zone could be found in shallower eutrophic lakes (maximum value was 106.0mg/m2 in Lake Suwa), but not in deeper oligotrophic lakes (minimum was 10.5mg/m2 in Lake Motosu). The depth of euphotic zone was shallower in the former and deeper in the latter. A definite relation could not be found between the depth of euphotic zone and chlorophyll-a amount of euphotic zone.
2. The optical mass of pure water (γDe), of phytoplankton (εAe) and of the other substances (Se) throughout the whole euphotic zone was calculated and compared each other. εAe was the smallest and Se was the largest. It was concluded that the substances responsible for the variation of Se value had the largest influence on the attenuation of underwater light and therefore the depth of euphotic zone.
3. The relations of the chlorophyll amount of euphotic zone (Ae) to Se values and to the mean chlorophyll concentration of euphotic zone were examined. A clear relation could not be found between Ae and Se. Between Ae and the mean chlorophyll concentration, an approximate proportionality existed in the waters of low chlorophyll concentration, but not in those of higher chlorophyll concentration. It was concluded that the difference in chlorophyll concentration had a great significance in the variation of Ae in oligotrophic lakes.
4. The relation between the chlorophyll-a amount of euphotic zone and the daily net production rate measured in situ was examined. An approximately linear relation could be found between both variables.
5. The production rate of community per unit chlorophyll-a amount varied with waters and seasons. The range of the variation in the production rate per unit chlorophyll-a amount was generally smaller than that in the chlorophyll-a amount of euphotic zone.View full abstractDownload PDF (1254K) -
Brahmadatta TIAGI1966 Volume 79 Issue 932-933 Pages 89-97
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCuscuta conforms to the floral formula: K (5), C (5), A 5, G (2). The thalamus contains ten to fifteen discrete collateral bundles. The sepals, petals, and stamens are one traced each. Phloem is more abundant than xylem in the bundles. Nonvascular staminal scales occur at the bases of the stamens on the corolla tube. The base of the ovary acts as a nectariferous disc. Resinous cells occur in all the organs of the flower especially in the ovary wall. Besides the carpellary dorsals, some more stelar bundles enter the ovary wall. The dorsals continue upto the stigma but the uninverted ventral bundles directly enter into the ovules. The base of the ovarian chamber is filled with a placental tissue which fits in between the receded carpellary margins, thus completing the septum. Placental obturator forms canopy over the micropyles of the inverted ovules.View full abstractDownload PDF (1307K) -
Shosuke KAKU1966 Volume 79 Issue 932-933 Pages 98-104
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSupercooling points of immature leaf tissues in Aspidistra showed a pronounced decrease as the leaf tissue matured. Although in Viburnum and Fatsia there were no marked age-induced changes, the supercooling points of mature leaves were higher than those in immature ones. No seasonal changes of supercooling points in mature leaves could be observed during the winter and spring in any of the three species.
Osmotic values gradually increased and water contents decreased during maturation of leaf tissues in each species. However, these changes do not affect the supercooling points to any major extent.
In Aspidstra and Viburnum, the volume of intercellular space changes as the leaf tissue grows, and is correlated with supercooling point changes, but in opposite directions in the two species. In Aspidistra, the intercellular space increased and the supercooling point fell with the aging of tissue, whereas in Viburnum the former decreased and the latter rose.
The difference in supercooling points between mature and immature leaves was diminished or almost lost when water infiltrated the intercellular spaces. In this case the elevation of supercooling points was more marked in leaf tissues with larger volumes of intercellular space than in those with smaller volumes. Thus, the difference in supercooling points between mature and immature leaf tissues in Aspidistra and Viburnum was distinctly shown only when the intercellular spaces were filled with air, and supercooling ability was larger in tissues with more intercellular space than in those with less.View full abstractDownload PDF (863K) -
Hiroyuki HIROSE, Shigeru KUMANO1966 Volume 79 Issue 932-933 Pages 105-113
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Absorption spectra of phycoerythrins obtained from 44 species of Rhodophycean algae were examined.
2. Phycoerythrins from Compsopogon oishii (Compsopogonaceae) showed an absorption peak at 565mμ and a shoulder at 545mμ.
3. Phycoerythrins from Bangia fusco-purpurea and Porphyra suborbiculata (Bangiaceae) show two peaks at 495mμ and 565mμ, t and a shoulder at ca. 545mμ. The spectral characteristics were shared with phycoerythrins from Chantransia chalybea (Chantransiaceae) and 4 species of Batrachospermum and Sirodotia suecica (Batrachospermaceae).
4. Phycoerythrin from Nemalion vermiculare (Helminthocladiaceae) has three absorption peaks at 495mμ, 545mμ and 565mμ. Three peak type of phycoerythrin was obtained from Delisea pulchra (Bonnemaisoniaceae) and Galaxaura fastigiata (Chaetangiaceae).
5. So far as examined, all species belonged to Gelidiales, Cryptonemiales, Gigartinales, Rhodymeniales and Ceramiales contain phycoerythrin which shows three absorption peaks at the visible region of the spectra.View full abstractDownload PDF (740K) -
Akio KUSANAGI1966 Volume 79 Issue 932-933 Pages 114-118
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The present study was undertaken to prove the validity of the hypothesis, of which the nucleolar material on the Luzula chromosomes is intimately associated with the diffuse centromeric activity.
2. In the previous papers, the present author confirmed that labeled nucleolar RNA, which was labeled with the flash treatment of tritiated cytidine, migrated to chromosomes immediately after nucleolar disintegration, and associated with metaphase chromosomes. This behaviour of labeled nucleolar RNA was applied as a marker of migration of nucleolar material to radiation-induced kinetic and akinetic fragments.
3. Almost all of kinetic fragments are labeled, while a majority of akinetic frag-ments are not labeled (Table 1). It is also confirmed that the degree of accumulation of labeled nucleolar RNA on radiation-induced fragments in anaphase is intimately correlated with their kinetic activity (Table 2).
4. These results lead us to support strongly the validity of the hypothesis, that is, the nucleolar material attached to metaphase chromosomes is responsible to the chromosome movement in mitosis of Luzula elegans.View full abstractDownload PDF (879K) -
Hiroshi HARADA1966 Volume 79 Issue 932-933 Pages 119-123
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of photoperiodic conditions leading to the formation of flowers on sections excised from the internodes of flower stalks were studied. (The results obtained are summarized in Table 1.) Flower formation was induced by long days, whereas short days had little effect. When culrtures were placed in darkness for more than two weeks, the tissues almost lost their ability to form flowers. The tissues were most responsive to photoperiodic treatments during the second week of culture. Long day conditions induced flower bud formation in 100% of the sections during the third and fourth weeks. When the explants were kept for periods of up to ten weeks or more, about 70% of those under short day conditions produced flowers. However, the number of flower buds remained small in comparison with similar cultures held under long day conditions (Table 2). The significance of the results obtained for the understanding of the roles of long days, short days and continuous darkness on the process of flower formation is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (834K) -
Geographical Distribution and Chromosome Number of Kalimeris incisaKimio SHINDO1966 Volume 79 Issue 932-933 Pages 124-130
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The distribution area formerly known for Kalimeris incisa DC. in Japan was from Kyushu to Kinki District of Honshu. The present investigation revealed that the distribution of this species extends eastward into the western and southern lowlands of Chubu District in central Honshu.
2. At many localities within the distribution area, K. incisa was growing together with a morphologically similar heptaploid sepcies K. yomena. But K. incisa seemed to prefer habitats a little drier than those of K. yomena.
3. Except some insular and periferal populations, K. incisa showed a high degree of individual variability, and the range of variation at any one locality closely approximated that which occurs over the entire species range in Japan.
4. The results of a chromosome count revealed that K. incisa in Japan is nearly stable as an octoploid species with 2n=72. It showed, however, a peculiar pattern of variation in chromosome number that the frequency of aneuploids with 2n=71 or lower chromosome numbers is much higher than that of aneuploids with 2n=73 or higher chromosome numbers.
5. Some clones were found to include one or two large chromosomes in their somatic chromosome complements. Those chromosomes are presumably derived from a species of Aster.View full abstractDownload PDF (1200K) -
I. Karyotypes of H. montana, H. lancifolia, H. chibai and H. capitataKenichiro KANEKO1966 Volume 79 Issue 932-933 Pages 131-137
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) In this paper the author deald withh the chromosome numbers and the karyotypes of the following four species of Hosta: H. montana, H. lancifolia, H. chibai and H. capitata.
2) The chromosome numbers of the four species were 2n=60.
3) The karyotypes of the three species (H. montana, H. lanci folia, H. chibai) were as follows: they were classified into 30 pairs, which were divided into four pairs of large chromosomes, two pairs of medium, and 24 pairs of small ones. One of the two pairs had satellites.
4) In H. lancifolia karyotypes of the clones from different source differed more or less in the number of large chromosomes and in the number of satellite chromosomes.
5) The karyotype of H. capitata differed from those of the other three species in two satellite chromosomes of large chromosomes and in the position of primary constriction in three pairs of large chromosomes.View full abstractDownload PDF (1183K)
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