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Shinjiroh Suzuki
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
271-280
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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Examination of Heated Soybean Oil and the Oil Absorbed in the Outer Crust of the Bean Curd in Relation with the Irradiation Odor
Chieko Urakami, Michiko Hosomi, Keiko Tomonaga
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
281-284,288
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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An irradiation odor of the oil extracted from the crust of irradiated (37times;10
6γ) fried bean curd was found to be much stronger than that of the irradiated heated-soybean oil. Chemical, paper chromatographic and ultraviolet spectrophotornetric an-alyses of these oils revealed some effects of irradiation. The results also indicated that the chemical compositions of the two oils differred remarkably from each other.
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Examination of the Oil Extracted from the Protein in Relation with the Irradiation Odor
Chieko Urakami, Michiko Hosomi, Keiko Tomonaga
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
285-288
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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The oil extracted from the irradiated fried be an curd possessed the strongest i rradiation odor.The paper chromatographic tech nique employed was found not to be an efficient means of detecting the influences of irradiati on. The ultraviolet ab-sorption spectra observed with the irradiated somples were not in accord with the results of chemical analyses, but kmax at 253, 258 and 230 mμ appeared to be of some significance in relation to the effect of irradiation.
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Examination of Steam-Volatile Carbonyl Comp ounds in Relation with Irradiation Odor
Chieko Urakami, Michiko Hosomi, Keiko Tomonaga
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
289-293
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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2, 4-Dinitrophenylhydrazones of steam-volatile carbonyls liberated from heated soy-bean oil and the oils extracted from the crust of fried soybean curd and its protein were fractionated into mono-and polycarbonyl groups, where only monocarbonyls were detected. The mono-carbonyl compounds were further fractionated chromatog raphically on a Hyflo-supercell-nitromethane column and the ultraviolet absorptio n of each band was measured to study the nature of compounds present. Each fraction was checked for its purity by running paper chromatography. It was found that most of them gave a single spot but a few showed more than one spot.
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Effects of Riboflavin, Pyridoxine, Vitamin B12 and Nicotinic acid on Urease Activity
Yoshifumi Ichise
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
294-296
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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The effects of riboflavin, pyridoxine, vitamin B
12and nicotinic acid on the urease activity were studied, and the results obtained were as follows:-
1) The activity of urease preliminarily inactivated by AgNO
3was not recovered by the addition of either10
-3 M-riboflavin, 10
-2 M-pyridoxine, 200γ%-vitamin B
12 or 10
-2 M-nicotinic acid.
2) 10
-3 M-riboflavin, 10
-2 M-pyridoxine, and 200γ-vitamin B
12 caused respectively 24.7%, 19.0% and 14.2% inhibitions of the urease activity when they were added to urease solution in the presence of urea.
3) No inhibition on the activity was seen when 10
-2 M-nicotinic acid was added to the urease solution in the presence of urea, while 8.08% inhibition was caused by the addition in the absence of urea.
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Tatsuo Koyanagi, Ryosuke Kikuchi, Teru Takanohashi, Keiko Oikawa
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
297-300
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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The nutritive value of “Koji rice (rice moulded by
asperyillus oryzac)” was examined on rats, where nutritive effect of the protein was found to be lower than that of rice. An addition of the alcohol extract of “Koji rice” measurably improved the growth of rats fed with the basal diet consisting of polished rice 84, casein 10, soybean oil 2, salts 4 and vitamin A.
When “Koji rice” was supplied in place of rice, the calcification of bones of rats was improved, which indicated the increased available phosphorus in Koji rice as a result of the hydrolysis of phytin in the rice.
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Distribution of Cho1ine in the Vegetable Organs and Tissues
Isao Toyosawa
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
301-304
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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The cho line contents in various tissues of leaves and stems in several vegetables were determined.The determination was carried out by the Reineckate method using nitric acid hydrolysis.
1) It was found that, in the stems and leaves, the young tissues had a tendency to contain a larger amount of choline than the old ones.
2) In the internodes of bambooshoot, the lower parts contained more choline than inthe upper parts, and it was found that there were many horizontal fibrovas-cular bundles in the lower parts of the internodes.
3) In the stem of sunflower, the vascular bundle contained a larger amount of choline than other tissues.
4) As the leaves of spinach grew older, the amount of choline in them decreased.
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Yukihiko Mishiro, Yoshiyuki Nakayama
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
305-308
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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The authors have found that equal fractions of the number of raw rice particles are shattered by each successive stroke of an equal count of mastication. The mathematical representation of this statement is
N=
N0⋅10-
ktor
log(
N/
N0×100)=2-
ktwhere
N0 is the number of raw rice particle,
N is its number after the masticatory stroke (
t), and the constant
k is the mastication coefficient (masticatory index).
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White and Lean Meat
Yohroh Arai, Hiromaro Seki
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
309-311
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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Sodium and potassium contents of fishes were determined by flame photometry.
From the standpoint on alimentotherapy (low sodium diet) of edema, the authors investigated whetherthere was any difference in sodium contents of white and lean meat.
According to the data obtained, both the white and lean meat contained potassium more than sodium.
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Mieko Yamamoto, Yasuko Ohi, Ryohachiro Nakamura
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
312-317
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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Growth tests were made on rats, with the addition of sodium-phytate to the basal diet of low phosphorus, followed by metabolic tests of calcium and phosphorus, to obtain an information about the availability of phytin-phosphorus in the animal.
In the growth test, phytin-phosphorus was available evidently but was inferior to K
2HPO
4, as a phosphorus source.
In the metabolic test, the utilization (the absorption) of phytin-phosphorus was lower than that of K
2HPO
4. Although the absorbed phytin-phosphorus was apparently accumulated in the body, the retention of calcium was diminished by the phytin-P intake.
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Kazuhiko Kimura
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
318-323
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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The blood urea level seemed to have a significance on nutritive physiology as previously reported, where the blood urea content was remarkably increased provided that the low-protein diet was fed for a certain period. Blood urea was measured in this experiment, in which blood urea contents in the case of essential hypertension, kid ney diseases, hepatom, Kimmelstill-Wilson's syndrome often reached a considerably higher level than normal. No seasonal variations in blood urea content were observe.
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Yutaka Hayashi, Hisashi Ariyama
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
324-330
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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The supplemental effects of various proteins and nonprotein-nitrogen compounds. to polished rice protein were examined by measuring growth rate of weanling and adult male rats. The increase or decrease of serum protein, liver fat, xanthine oxidaseand arginase activity was estimated as indices of the improvement of protein quality.
A rice diet supplemented with casein, gluten and gelatin promoted the growth arid made the liver fat maintain its normal level. The level of serum protein wasi ndependent on the supplement, while the serum A/G ratio was greatly influenced by the supplemental protein.
Liver xanthine oxidase-and arginase activities were remarkably increased by the supplementation of above mentioned proteins.
In the adult rats, ammonium citrate and acetamide gave a little defect on the examined items. In the young rats, however, the nitrogen from acetamide seemed to be utilized to the tissue protein synthesis from the results of the enzyme activity determinations.
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Studies on the Antiseptic Action of Antioxidant
Goroh Kajimoto, Kimiko Kasamura, Yoshiomi Emldoh
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
331-334
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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The inhibition of growth of
Micrococcus pyoyenes, vor.
Aurens by the covering of cotton pieces containing some antioxidants on the growth medium was investigated.
BHA, NDGA, isoamylgallate, and hydrcquincne showed a potent antiseptic action on the microbe, and the action of BHT, propyl gallate, 6-ethoxy-1, 3-dihydro-2, 2′, 4-trimethyl quinoline, and N, N′-dioctyl-p-phenylenediamine were somewhat inferior to that of above cited compounds. The synergistic action of tartaric and citric acids on this phenomenon was scarcely recognized.
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Keiichi Masuda
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
335-339
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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The rate of transport of radioactive phosphorus (P
32) into blood and the effects of several compounds on it had been discussed on the previous reports by using perfusion techniques on rats.
In this experiment, the author estimated the rate of transport of P
32 into blood of the rats, on the peritoneum of which was sutured the “Tetoron Mesh”(2×2cm.) as a substitutional peritoneum, followed by the intraperitoneal injection of Ringer's solution containing P
32.
The rate of P
32 transport of the rats with “Tetoron Mesh” was increased than that of normal rats.
In the case of normal rats, the rate of the transport was increased by the addi-tion of glucose (10
-4) M or ATP (10
-4M) to the Ringer's solution containing P
32, butit was decreased by the addition of iodoacetic acid (10
-4 M) or 2, 4-dinitrophenol (10
-4M).
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On the Rutin in the Seeds of Buckwheat (2)
Yasuo Hurusawa, Chikae Harada
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
340-342
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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The existence of rutin in the seeds of buckwheat was proved in the previous report, and in the authors' recent experiments yellow crystal was isolated from the methyl alcohol extract of market-sold buckwheat flour. This was purified by repeated recrystallizations with 30% ethyl alcohol and was identified as rutin by element analysis, by infra-red absorptiometry and by other methods.
5 samples of summer-harvested buckwheat seeds and 31 samples of the autumnharvested were collected. They were ground into powder and the content of rutin was determined by a paperchromatographic method just as that cited in the previous report.
The amount of the rutin was found nearly the same between the two kinds; 5.7-7.6mg%, in the summer flour, while 3.4-7.2mg%in the autumn flour.
Besides, the contents of several other components were measured, such as reducing and non-reducing sugars, amino acid nitrogen and organic acids.
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Yoshio Hayashi
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
343-345
Published: November 30, 1961
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At present time numerous amino acid decarboxylases are known in animal, vegetable and bacterial tissues. But the purification of the enzymes and classification of their nutritional behaviors in tissues have yet not been succeeded.
Among them, bacterial amino acid-decarboxylase, especially, the L-glutamic acid decarboxylase is so stable and powerful that it is useful for the estimation of L-glutamic acid in foodstuffs.
For this reason, in this paper, the extraction method and some properties of bacterial L-glutamic acid decarboxylase are presented.
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Yoshio Hayashi
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
346-348
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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Several properties of the L-glutamic acid decarboxylase in the cell-free extract of bacteria are described.
a) The optimum pH of the L-glutamic acid decarboxylase is 5.0.
b) The reaction velocity of the enzyme in different concentrations of the substrate (L-glutamic acid) is estimated, and the Km value of the enzyme calculated by the Lineweaver-Burk method is 3.85×10
-3M.
c) Hydroxylamine and semicarbazide which are known as aldehyde reagents, inhibit the activity of this enzyme completely in a concentration of 6×10
-4, 1.6×10
-3M/l. respectively. It suggests a presence of CO group in the enzyme as an active center.
d) The active enzyme is precipitated without an activity loss by changing the hydregen concentration of the cell-free extract with use of acetic acid.
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Seiichi Fujimoto
1961 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages
349-362
Published: November 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
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1) In those taking a low protein diet, the secretion of adrenocortical hormone decreased to the minimum in the 2nd-3rd weeks, and afterwards showed a little increase without a full recovery.
2) It was made clear by diet surveyings that calorie and total protein in the diet were sufficient but the protein-score of the diet was remarkably low in priests who were in the practice of religious austerities on Zenshu (Zenshu-Sodo) as they were not in the habit of taking animal protein. These facts were c, nsidered as very significant in the daily life of such priests.
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