Eiyo To Shokuryo
Online ISSN : 1883-8863
ISSN-L : 0021-5376
Volume 29, Issue 8
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
  • Aijiro YAMAMOTO
    1976 Volume 29 Issue 8 Pages 417-424
    Published: March 01, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Nagao SHIBATA, Hatsue NAITO
    1976 Volume 29 Issue 8 Pages 425-432
    Published: March 01, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Phosphorus has received relatively little attention in human nutrition since the phosphorus intake is almost always, if not invariably, higher than that of calcium and thought to be entirely adequate.
    But in man, phosphorus deficiency is known to occur in many diseases with deficiency of other nutritients.
    So, experiments were done with phosphorus deficient diets to make phosphorus-depletion disease. The results were as follows:
    1. As the phosphorus deficiency progressed the animals lost their appetite and after 4 weeks, weight gain was decreased than control animals. Food efficiency ratio of diet was 50% after 4 weeks and was only 30% after 3 months, comparing with control rats.
    2. In biological findings, the behaviors were normal and the lie of hair, which was good in every experiments, has begun to appear after about 2 months and continued thereafter. Refection was also observed.
    3. As to the biochemical findings of blood, SGOT and SGPT were increased from 2 months and phosphorus value was decreased after 3 months but other data were in the range of normal values.
    4. Concerning the organ weight to body weight ratio, atrophy of thymus gland and dilatation of caecum were marked 3 months after the initiation of the experiment.
    5. When animals were kept on phosphorus deficient diet for 2 months, fatty liver was the general finding and the extent of fatty infiltration became more pronounced in rats fed the diet for 3 months.
    6. In X ray examination, no abnormality was found in all skeleton of rats in every experimental period.
    From above mentioned result, we could not discover the pathognomonic features of phosphorus depletion syndrome except hypophosphatemia at least in animals kept on phosphorus deficient diet for 3 months.
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  • Shinko NAGANO, Susumu OKAMOTO
    1976 Volume 29 Issue 8 Pages 433-438
    Published: March 01, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Even though the defatted rapeseed contains protein more than 30% and its amino acid composition shows nutritionally excellent quality, fundamental studies on this protein. have been reported not so much. The purpose of present investigation is to clarify some properties of one of the major proteins of the rapeseed, globulin.
    It became clear that the globulins consisted of the three components, α, βandγ, designated in the order of increasing molecular weight. The molecular weight of the α and β components were about 23, 000 and 162, 000, and the sedimentation constants seemed to be 1S and 12S, respectively. It was found that a part of the globulin molecule was assumed to be composed with several subunits which were bound by disulfide bonds. The results of electrophoresis showed that the α and γ components consisted of the same subunit (M. W. about 13, 000), while the β component composed of two kinds of different subunits (M. W. about 32, 000 and 19, 000) . By the gel filtration studies, it became clear that the α and γ components showed the stable characteristics against pH change and heat treatment, while the β component was coagulated by the addition of acid (pH4.0) and also by the heating at 80°C, and by the treatment with alkali (pH11.5), the component was unfolded. This acid coagulated β component was not resolubilized although pH was retumed. The amino acid compositions of the defatted flour and the unfractionated globulin were examined by the amino acid analyses, and, from these results, it was concluded that the amino acid compositions of these two were similar except several amino acids and these were rich in lysine (6-7g amino acid/16g N) . It was also found by these analyses that there were remarkable differences in their amino acid compositions between acidprecipitated and supernatant of this globulin.
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  • Takashi HANDA, Shigeru MINEKI, Hiroshi IIZUKA
    1976 Volume 29 Issue 8 Pages 439-444
    Published: March 01, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Glucoamylases (EC 3.2.1.3) (GA) from Rhizopus sp. strain Fukumoto could be separated into several forms by Ampholine isoelectric focusing (IEF) and by gel filtration on Sephadex G-50. Their isoelectric points separated by IEF were 6.7, 7.4, 7.9, 8.3 and 8.7, and they were designated as GA-6.7, GA-7.4, GA-7.9, GA-8.3 and GA-8.7, respectively. Among them, GA-7.9 and GA-8.3 were the main constituents of GA and each of them was separated further to two forms by gel filtration on Sephadex G-50, and they were designated as GA-7.9 I, GA-7.9 II, GA-8.31 and GA-8.3 II, in the order eluted from the column. GA-7.9 II and GA-8.3 II digested raw starch from potato more rapidly than GA-7.9 I and GA-8.3 I, respectively. But the mobility of GA-7.9 I coincided with that of GA-7.9 II, and the mobility of GA-8.3 I did with that of GA-8.3 II in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at pH 4.0. Their molecular weights were all approximately 53, 000 by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
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  • Masaharu OHNAKA
    1976 Volume 29 Issue 8 Pages 445-454
    Published: March 01, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    It is a well-known fact as the specific dynamic action (SDA) that ingestion of foods causes an increased energy consumption, however, its mechanisms and extents of energy wastage have not been clearly decided. Thus, a series of investigations to elucidate the characteristics of SDA were carried out on normal human subjects. Usual procedures for determining SDA are based on subtracting the basal metabolic rate (BMR) from the increased energy expenditures at rest lasted for 6 or more hours after meal. However, it is not reasonable to use the BMR as a base value of minimum energy consumption over several hours because it varies diurnally. Thus, considering the circadian rhythm of minimum oxygen consumption at rest, a new base line was set up according to the following manner. After measuring the BMR at 7: 00, subjects were fed a high carbohydrate diet containing 450kcal and energy expenditures at rest were determined at 14: 00, 15: 00 and 16: 00, respectively. Average of these three determinations was taken as the peak value in the circadian variation at 15: 00. Resting energy consumption at 22: 00 was considered to be equal to the BMR. A new base line was tentatively proposed by connecting three points (BMR at 7: 00, peak value at 15: 00 and value equal to BMR at 22: 00) . Using two base lines (BMR and newly established line) SDA and corrected SDA of standard diets, in which fuel values were changed every 500kcal from 500kcal to 2, 500kcal, were calculated, respectively. In all diets tested, the corrected SDAs were 15% to 20% low as compared with the SDAs, due to the adoption of a new base line. Both the corrected SDA and SDA decreased with the increase in dietary energy. Percentages of the corrected SDA and SDA to the dietary energy were 11.2%, 13.9% for 500kcal; 8.8%, 10.6% for 1, 000kcal; 7.2%, 8.5% for 1, 500kcal; 6.9%, 7.8% for 2, 000kcal; and 5.7%, 6.8% for 2, 500kcal, respectively. Effects of meal frequency on luxurious heat of diet containing 1, 500kcal were examined in four subjects who received the diet once, twice or thrice a day. Results showed that the more frequently subjects took a given diet, the more the wastage of dietary energy increased, suggesting an increased lipogenesis occurred in meal-fed animals.
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  • Tokuko HARA, Toshiro KAN, Takao HATANAKA, Shigeki MORIMOTO, Masako IWA ...
    1976 Volume 29 Issue 8 Pages 455-457
    Published: March 01, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Dietary intak, e of vitamin E and its serum level of women living in rural fishing area were surveyed. Their intakes of α-tocopherol and of non α-tocopherol were 5.1±2.1 and 11.3±5.2mg/day, respectively, and serumvitamin E level of them 0.80±0.29mg/dl. But, relationship between the dietary intake and the serum level of vitamin E was not found.
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  • Shuji FUJITA, Tetsuzo TONO
    1976 Volume 29 Issue 8 Pages 457-459
    Published: March 01, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The oxidation and the browning reaction of pyrogallol were caused by the polyphenoloxidase (EC 1.10.3.1) preparation obtained from the immature fruit of satsuma mandarin. The effects of some factors such as pH, temperature and inhibitors on this reaction were investigated.
    The optimum pH of this reaction was around 7.2-7.6, and no reaction was found below pH 6.0. This reaction was strongly inhibited by the compounds such as potassium cyanide and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate and also remarkably inhibited by L-ascorbic acid. The enzyme preparation was considerably stable at relatively high temperature.
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  • Yasuo AOYAGI, Etsuko SHODA, Tatsuyuki SUGAHARA
    1976 Volume 29 Issue 8 Pages 460-461
    Published: March 01, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Amounts of eritadenine, a hypocholesterolemic substance in Shiitake (Lentinus edodes Sing.) and deoxyeritadenine in eight varieties of dried Shiitake mushroom were determined by column chromatography on Dowex 1×8. The varieties of dried Shiitake mushroom used for quantitative analyses of eritadenine were Jyodonko, Namidonko, Hanadonko, Kotsubudonko, Jyokoshin, Namikoshin, Chayori and Kuroko.
    Eritadenine contents were 50.7-92.7mg % in samples and significant differences were not seen among them. Deoxyeritadenine contents were about one sixth of eritadenine and also no significant differences were observed.
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  • Koji YAMADA, Ryuji HIRANO
    1976 Volume 29 Issue 8 Pages 462-465
    Published: March 01, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    It has been made on growing rats to investigate the effect of lysine or lysine and threonine supplementation to wheat gluten diets at variously different protein level (2.5 to 50%) on the growth, liver fat content and threonine level is plama.
    When wheat gluten diet was supplemented with lysine, the weight gain increased rapidly in response to diet protein level and reached a maximum at 15% protein level. When wheat gluten was supplemented with lysine and threonine, the weight gain reached a maximum at 10% protein level. At 2.5 to 15% protein levels, the addition of threonine to the wheat gluten diet supplemented with lysine had a significant effect on the growth of rats, but at 15, 30 and 50% protein level, the addition of threonine had no effect on the growth of rats. The addition of lysine to the 5.0 to 15% protein diet significantly increased the liver fat content, but when such diets were supplemented with threonine, the deposition of liver fat was remarkably decreased. At 2.5 to 15% protein level, the threonine level in plasma rat of fed the wheat gluten diet supplemented with lysine was low, but it rose with 30 and 50% protein level.
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  • 1976 Volume 29 Issue 8 Pages 466-472
    Published: March 01, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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