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Itsiro Nakagawa
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
145-147
Published: October 30, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
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Bacterial decarboxylation of histidine and phenylalanine
Izo Inoue
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
148-156
Published: October 30, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
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The putrefactive bacteria were separated from the toxic
matsutake mushrooms. Warburg's manometry showed that those bacteria acted on histidine and phenylalanine to decarboxylate them and that especially the two strains of bacteria decarboxylated the amino-acids to a great extent.
Most
matsutake bacteria were found to have many active enzymes, such as decarboxylase, dehydrogenase and catalase.
It was suggested that the very bacteria decarboxylated histidine and phenylalanine in
matsutake mushrooms, and produced histamine and phenylethylamine, respectively.
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Bacterium prodigiosum and the putrefaction
Izo Inoue
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
157-160
Published: October 30, 1964
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Bacterium prodigiosum were separated from corrupt matsutakc
mushrooms. Tests were carried out on their properties and how they could decarboxylate specifically histidine and phenylalanine.
Bacterium prodigiosum were devided by the colors-red and white. The red one when pH=7.0, could decarboxylate histidine exceedingly; but the other could only a little. The white one, however, decarboxylated phenylalanine much more.
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Tsuyoshi Shigehisa
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
161-164
Published: October 30, 1964
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Urinary calcium level was determined before, during, and after the first stress (avoidance conditioning) and the late stress (extinction) period in the rat for 50 days. The urinary calcium level decreased gradually during and after the stress periods coincidentally with an anxiety behavior. During the late stress, it reached a minimum in the earlier stage and tended to restore in the later stage. Excretion per intake ratio never decreased in the early stage of the first stress, however gradually decreased thereafter and reached a minimum in the early stage of the late stress. Then it restored rapidly and increased thereafter. It is suggested that the increased selection of calcium resulted in order to accumulate the calcium in the body, not to compensate the urinary loss.
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Tsuyoshi Shigehisa
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
165-168
Published: October 30, 1964
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Urinary potassium and sodium levels were determined before, during, and after the first stress (avoidance conditioning) and the late stress (extinction) period in the ra t for 50 days. The potassium level was lowered rapidly during the stress periods coincidentally with an anxiety behavior, which was not restored thereafter. The excretion per intake ratio decreased rapidly and reached a minimum immediately after the onset of stress. It decreased thereafter, and did not restore. The sodium level was lowered markedly during the stress periods. It tended to restore after the stress. Excretion per intake ratio decreased markedly during the stress periods, and was restored rapidly increasing beyond the pre-stress level after the stress. Sodium per potassium excretion ratio decreased during the stress periods and restored and increased markedly after the stress. It is suggested that the potassium selection decreased according to the decrease in the excretion ratio induced by the emotional stress. Probably the present result is not related to G-A-S, because potassium and sodium excretions decreased.
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The diagrammatic method for nutritional balance of amino acids in the protein and its application
Kunisato Fujiwara, Teisuke Fukuhara
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
169-173
Published: October 30, 1964
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According to the authors' concept of Nutritional Coefficient, the diagrammatic method for nutritional balance of essential amino acids in the food protein was devised.
The same kind of foods indicated quite similar diagrams and the ratio of the horizontal to vertical length of the figure was almost invariable. The application of this method was also explained.
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Studies on the relation between the food constituents and ranciditv of oil on the rancidification of oil
Goroh Kajimoto
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
174-177
Published: October 30, 1964
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A mixture of casein and water was added to oils differing in their racidities and the variations of peroxide value and acid value with the standing period (days) were compared.
Any increase in the peroxide value was not observed, but the acid value was increased remarkably in the case of non rancid oil mixed, while it was not in rancid oils. The effects of benzoyl peroxide (BPO), lauroyl peroxide (LPO), butyl hydroxyanisole (BHA), dibutyl hydroxytoluence (BHT), propyl gallate (PG) and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) added individually or in combination (with casein-water mixture) were compared.
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The effect of amino acid deficiency on serum cholesterol level
Haruko Hirono, Hisashi Ariyama
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
178-180
Published: October 30, 1964
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The serum cholesterol levels were measured in the rats fed with 5% casein diets supplemented with amino acid mixtures, each lacking lysine, isoleucine, arginine, cystine-methionine and aspartic acid. The results showed that arginine and aspartic acid had no cholesterol lowering effect, although lysine and isoleucine seemed to have a contribution in the lowering effect.
The lowering effect was connected closely with amino acid balance which defines the quality of the dietary protein. An administration of dietary protein containing sufficient and well-balanced amino acids may reduce the amount of serum cholesterol.
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On the essential amino acid composition
Heiji Takagi, Reiko Fujiyama, Toshizo Nagasawa
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
181-184
Published: October 30, 1964
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The qualities of home-made soybean paste used by farm families were investigated from viewpoint of their essential amino acid composition.
Ten essential amino acids in 28 soybean paste samples, which were collected from farm households in Saitama, Tochigi and Gumma Prefectures, were analysed by microbiological assay method.
Results were as follows: leucine 7.7, isoleucine 4.7, lysine 5.7, methionine 1.2, cystine 1.3, phenylalanine 4.7, threonine 3.4, tryptophan 0.9, tyrosine 3.9 and valine 4.6g per cent in protein.
The difference of essential amino acid composition among any kinds of home-made soybean pastes could not be found.
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Toshizo Nagasawa, Tamikazu Tamura, Reiko Fujiyama, Kozo Kawakami
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
185-187
Published: October 30, 1964
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The stability of vitamin A palmitate, which was added in home-made “Miso” (soybean paste) and in “Misoshim” (soybean paste soup) cooked from the Miso, was investigated by colorimetric method using Carr-price reaction.
The experimental results indicated that not only the potency of vitamin A palmitate was maintained through the duration of aging, but also there was no change in vitamin A potency in cooked “Misoshiru”.
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In the case of normal magnesium feeding
Shiroh Gotoh, Hiromaro Seki
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
188-191
Published: October 30, 1964
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An increased absorption of calcium and strontium as a result of the inclusion of lactose in the diet has been clearly demonstrated, but the effect of dietary lactose on magnesium absorption and utilization has been studied less extensively.
The authors have studied the relation of lactose or glucose feeding to the growth and mineral balance of rats for 30 davs. Male albino rats of the Wistar strain of 70 to 85gm body weight were used in this studies.
Feeding of lactose to rats caused diarrheal conditions and a short-time retardation of growth which was afterwards followed by good gains. Inclusion of 36% of lactose, 0.05% of magnesium, 0.65% of calcium and 0.46% of phosphorus in the diet was accompanied by increased absorption and urinary excretion of calcium, but no consistent effect on magnesium or phosphorus metabolism was noted.
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1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
191
Published: 1964
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In the case of high magnesium feeding
Shiroh Gotoh, Hiromaro Seki
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
192-194
Published: October 30, 1964
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In continuance to the previous report, the relation of lactose or glucose feeding to the growth and mineral balance of young albino rats was investigated for 30 experimental days.
Similarly with the previous report, feeding of lactose to rats caused diarrheal conditions and retardation of growth for a shorttime, after which the disadvantage was nearly overcome.
Inclusion of 36% of lactose, 0.23% of magnesium, 0.62% of calcium and 0.41% of phosphorus in the diet was accompanied by increased absorption, urinary excretion and balance of magnesium, calcium and phosphorus.
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Solubilization and Stability of β-Carotene in Esters of Abietic Acids
Mamoru Terasaki, Hiroyuki Mima, Eiichiro Fujita
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
195-198
Published: October 30, 1964
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It was previously reported that β-carotene was dissolved in orange oil by heating at 100°C for 30 minutes and the resulted β-carotene-orange oil solution was emulsified for coloring of soft drinks.
But the emulsion was used to a restricted field owing to its specific odor. The authors studied various solvents of β-carotene for wider applications.
1. β-carotene was dissolved by heating in esters of abietic acids to about 3%.
2. β-carotene in the abietate was stable in the absence of antioxidants.
3. Taste panel evaluations did not reveal any adverse flavor of the solvent.
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Comparison of vitamin C content in vegetable juices treated with a mixer and a juicer
Taeko Yamazaki, Akira Otakara
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
199-202
Published: October 30, 1964
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The extent of oxidation of vitamin C and its yield in various vegetable juices were compared for the preparations by a mixer and a juicer. Remarkable differences between them were observed in vitamin C content of several kinds of juices. Although the oxidation of vitamin C, especially in vegetables possessing higher ascorbinase-activity, was lower in the treatment with a juicer than in that with a mixer, the yield of vitamin C in juice was less in the former than in the latter because considerable amounts of vitamin C remained in residues discarded by the treatment with a juicer. Several pretreatments to prevent the oxidation of vitamin C were tested through crushing by a juicer. From the standpoint of nutritive value of juices prepared, it is presumed that leafy vegetables are preferable to be crushed by a mixer while fruits or root vegetables should be crushed by a juicer.
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Antibiotic actions of royal jelly
Hiroshi Iizuka, Yohnosuke Koyama
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
203-207
Published: October 30, 1964
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The organisms employed in testing the antibiotic actions of royal jelly were 45 species and 47 strains of bacteria, 23 species and 23 strains of lactic acid bacteria, 10 species and 11 strains of actinomycetes, 44 species and 47 strains of yeast, and 24 species and 24 strains of molds. The royal jelly has antibiotic actions against
Trichophyton mentagrophytes and also against various actinomycetes but the growths of lactic acid bacteria and same species of aerobic bacteria were promoted by the royal jelly.
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Effect of “shijimi” in liver of carbon-tetrachloride poisoning rats
Choten Inagaki, Shigeyo Maruyama, Hiroyasu Fukuba
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
208-211
Published: October 30, 1964
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The effect of SHIJIMI (
Corbicula atrata) in liver of CCl
4 poisoned rats and its mechanism of actions were experimentally studied.
As regards endogeneous respiration of the liver of rats after administration of powdered SHIJIMI or, instead, Vitamin B
12, oxygen consumption of the CCl
4 poisoned slices was no less than that of control. In the case of slices without them, however, the respiration was apparently lowered.
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The fatty acid composition of total phospholipids
Tsutomu Kudo, Taizo Ryoki, Taro Nagasawa
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
212-216
Published: October 30, 1964
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The phospholipids obtained as acetone-insoluble and ethyl ether-soluble fractions from cow's and human milks, respectively, were analyzed for phosphorus, nitrogen and fatty acid composition. Considerable differences were seen in their fatty acid compositions as determined by gas liquid chromatography. The cow's milk phospholipid (3.43% phosphorus, 1.94% nitrogen) contained 3.3% of acids above C
20, but the value was much less than 6.5% of human milk phospholipid (3.60% phosphorus, 2.00 % nitrogen) . These phospholipids are rich in fatty acids above C
20 compared with those in acetone-soluble fractions. No appreciable amounts acids below C
10 were found in both phospholipids.
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Taro Nagasawa, Taizo Ryoki, Isao Kiyosawa, Yoko Teramoto
1964 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages
217-222
Published: October 30, 1964
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The variations in the contents of hexose, hexosamine and sialic acid in the ethanol precipitated protein of human milk at the various stages of lactation were investigated.
The levels of hexosamine and sialic acid contained in the protein of early lactation-milk were higher than those in the milk of later lactation.
The calculated values of the carbohydrates bound to 1g. protein of human and cow's milk were obtained.
The values for hexose in human and cow's colostrum were 288.40 and 101.66, for hexosamine 71.48 and 3.84, and for sialic acid 31.33 and 6.76, respectively. In human and cow's milk, the values for hexose were 186.53 and 84.43, for hexosamine 37.11 and 2.98, and for sialic acid 16.49 and 4.02, respectively.
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