To observe the biological effects of the thermally oxidized oil, salada oil was heated at 180°C and200°C for 10 and 200 hours, respectively, and following results were abtained.
1. Thermally oxidized oil was more indigestible than fresh oil.
2. Dimer which was separated from oxidized oil was more hard to be oxidized to actoacetate or water and carbondioxide than monomer.
3. Succinic dehydrogenase was slightly inhibited and malic dehydrogenase was heavily inhibited by dimer fraction of the oxidized oil.
4. Cytochrome system was not inhibited by dimer fraction.

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The changes of physicochemical properties of protein in soybean milk affected by the preparation techniques and by the pH values were examined comparing with the results obtained from cow's milk. Results were as follows:
1. The contents of total solids, protein, ash, fat, nitrogen free extracts and minerals in the heatextracted soybean milk were higher than those in the unheated one. In heat-extracted soybean milk theincrease in nitrogen content was noted in the acid-insoluble fraction.
2. The shape of protein particle of unheated soybean milk was spherical under an electron micro-scope, having the diameter of about 50mμ.
3. The shape of protein particle of heat-extracted soybean milk was associated to form larger particles.
4. With decreasing of pH values of soybean milk protein particles tended to form larger particles, and at pH 2.4 they were present in somewhat swollen shape.
5. When the pH values of acidified soybean milks were readjusted to the original pH (6.6), it was found that the protein particles lost the original shape, showing that irreversible transformation had occured during the pH adjustments.

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Photochemical decomposition of L-ascorbic acid (AsA), D-araboascorbic acid (D-AsA) dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) and 2.3-diketo-L-gulonic acid (2.3-DKG) in aqueous solution, was studied, and also the effects of gas phase, thiourea and EDTA, as stabilizer, and riboflavin, eosine, and fluorescein, as sensitizer, on the photodecomposition of AsA in aqueous solution were examined.
AsA and D-AsA were remarkably decomposed by the light illumination and the extent of the latter's decomposition was greater than that of the former.
DHA and 2.3-DKG were more stable than AsA against the light illumination.
This decomposition of AsA was protected by the presence of N₂ gas, and increased by the presence of oxygen.
Thiourea and EDTA could protect this decomposition of AsA. Riboflavin, eosine and fluoresein promoted the photodecomposition of AsA.
DHA and 2.3-DKG were detected in the photodecomposition products of AsA by paper chromatography.

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As the trans isomer of linoleate has no effect as essential fatty acids, the content of this isomer in margarines was determined. For this determination, 8 kinds of American margarines (4 of softtype and 4 of hard type) and 11 kinds of Japanese margarines (6 of soft and 5 of hard) wereemployed.
As the results, it was found that the difference of unsaturated fatty acid content between soft andhard types was small for American samples, while this difference of Japanese samples was large and, contrary to this, the difference of trans acid content between these two types was large for Americansamples and not so for Japanese samples.

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Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) and Respiratory Quotient (RQ) of 1293 patients with various diseases and of 75 normals were studied for 12 years from 1956 to 1967. The results were as follows.
(1) It was suggested in normals that for calculating BMR, the standard value obtained in Japanesesubjects is more applicable than that reported by Boothby & Sandiford. The normal range of BMRcalculated by the Japanese Standard was ±10%.
(2) In a few cases with euthyroidism a discrepancy was occasionally observed between BMR andthyroid functions.
(3) BMR was observed to be higher in leukemia, leukemia-like-diseases and heart diseases as wellas hyperthyroidism than in normals. It seemed almost certain that there is a difference in the mecha-nism of increase of BMR between leukemia and heart diseases.
(4) BMR was found lower in undernourished persons without any diseases, as well as those withhypothyroidism than in normals.
(5) BMR of the patients with anemia, nephropathia and diseases of digestive tract was low r than normal. BMR in other various diseases was within normal range.
(6) Although raised BMR was seen in leukemia, no elevation of BMR was noted in malignant tumors. It was assumed that BMR was influenced much more by general nutritional state rather than by localized malignant proliferative process.
(7) RQ varied very widely from subject, even in normals, and therefore no definite trend was observed in any diseases studied.

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Nutritive value of freeze dried egg white was tremendously decreased by autoclaving at 120°C for 30 min. Male weanling rats rapidly lost their body weight on the diet containing 10% of the heat treated freeze dried egg white as a sole source of protein.
Neither single supplementation of Lys nor the supplementation of Lys together with His, Thr, Phe, Try and Met did not support the growth of rats although the supplementation of 6% of casein supported the growth of animals well. Digestibility of freeze dried egg white autoclaved at 100°C for 30 min. was practically zero and even the digestibility of egg white autoclaved at 100°C for 30 min. was as low as 31%.
When raw egg white was directly autoclaved without freeze drying, at the similar conditions men- tioned above, the digestibility of it was not significantly affected, and the growth of rats was not affected either. Dry heating of freeze dried egg white (120°C or 100°C for 30 min.) did not reduce its nutritive value. Removal of trace of glucose by glucose oxidase eliminated the reduction of nutritive value by autoclaving. When air dried powder of egg white was autoclaved, the nutritive value was significantly reduced but the magnitude was less than that of the similarly treated freeze dried egg white.
The nutritive value of freeze dried egg yolk was not reduced at all by autoclaving at 120°C for 30 min. When the lipids were extracted before autoclaving, however, small but significant reduction of nutritive value was observed.

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When the rats were fed on the daily usual infant's diet in Tohoku district, supplemented 0.05μg-5μg of selenium, the growth was hindered. Liver-fat, however, decreased and T. B. A. Value (reaction value with 2-thiobarbituric acid) becamelower. When diet containing fat turned sour were given to rat, these rats dead in 1-4 weeks, but the addition of selenium to the same diet prevented their deaths.

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Three groups of young rats were fed on three kinds of experimental diet for 8 weeks. Diet for the first group contained skimmed and dehydrated milk ordinary used for school lunch (SL), for the second group marketted skimmed and dehydrated milk with special treatment for solubility (MK) was used, and the diet for the third group contained casein as the protein source at the 10% level.
The weight gain was greater in the order of SL, MK and casein group, but the difference was not significant. The protein efficiency ratio of the diets, the nitrogen retention which was determined by the balance study, and the amount of calcium retained in the leg bones were about the same in the twoskimmed milk groups, super-imposing the casein group. There was no appreciable difference observed in the vitamin B₂ balance among three groups.

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In the previous communication the authors reported that when aqueous solution of L-ascorbic acid was placed in a sonic field, the indophenol titration value was decreased as a function of sonication times
In this report the effect of sonic oscillation on vitamin C and B₁ content of vegetable tissues was observed and following results were obtained:
1) In the aqueous solution of thiamine derivatives such as B₁ -HCl, B₁ -NDS, DBT and B₁ -pyrophosphate, the thiochrome estimation value was decreased by sonic treatment, respectively.
2) Coexistence of SH compound, such as cysteine, seems to prevent ascorbic acid and thiamine from the effect of sonication.
3) Almost no effect was observed on the ascorbic acid content of fresh parsley leaves, or on the thiamine content of soybean tissue and rice bran tissue by sonic oscillation.
4) When thiamine was added to clam organ extract which was previously sonicated, the percent recovery of thiamine added was 75.7% for 60 minutes sonication.

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