For the improving in quality of the rice bran mash, the following materials were used:
1. Protease for promoting the maturing of rice bran mash.
2. Exoleated soy beans for enriching the mash with flavour and nutrition.
Streptomyces protease was added to the mash made of rice bran and exoleated soy beans and the protein-hydrolysing activity of the protease was examined. The result suggested that rice bran substrate was improved in quality by the addition of protease, and that the addition of exoleated soy beans to rice bran substrate improved rice bran mash in quality with the help of protease. Concerning acid formation degree, which has an effect on flavour, the addition of lactic acid bacteria culture was found more effective than the addition of only protease to rice bran substrate, and the simultaneous addition of both lactic acid bacteria culture and protease was more effective than the addition of lactic acid bacteria culture alone.
It was suggested that the protease can be put to a practical use, and this was also supported by the favourable temperature of enzymatic actions.

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Practical studies were made on the maturing of the rice bran mash “Nukamisodoko” and on the improving in quality of the mash with the following conclusions:
(1) An addition of the exoleated soy beans to the mash was effective in enriching the mash with protein, and also was effective in improving the flavour.
(2) By addition of protease, the maturing of the mash was promoted, and its quality was improved in cooperation with the effect of the exoleated soy beans.
(3) Additions of both protease and lactic acid bacteria led to a favourable result in the maturing and flavour of the rice bran mash.

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Present experiment is further conducted to devise an assay method for thiamine utilizing Neurospora Crassa 9185. The strain responds to mono-and diphosphate esters as well as free form of thiamine. The synthetic medium of Horowitz and Beadle supplemented with 1% of casein hydrolysate is adopted as a basal medium. The mycelial weight of the organism which has been cultured at 25°C for 5 days is proportional to thiamine content in the medium within concentration range of 5 to 50mγ per cc. The doseresponse curve is observed to be not affected by the presence of decomposed compounds of thiamine, amino acids, B-vitamins, and nucleic acids or their derivatives.
Thiamine contents of rice or beef liver determined by this method are comparable to those calculated as a total thiamine by the thiochrome method. The recovery rates of thiamine added to these samples are 111 and 85% respectively.

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By seven successive washings of polished rice by water 90% of thiamine, 60% of pantothenic acid, 50% of riboflavin and 40% of choline were lost.
Rats fed diet containing washed rice and adequate amounts of thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin B₆ and nicotinic acid showed a considerable depression in growth. Urine volume and urinary sodium output decreased and blood pressure was elevated in comparison with those fed diet containing unwashed milled rice. Supplement of pantothenic acid to the washed milled rice diet counteracted almost completely the adverse effect of washed rice diet on the sodium excretion and blood pressure.
The reason of frequent occurrence of incidence of hypertension among people consuming washed rice diet was discussed.

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The contents of sodium, potassium and calcium in common animal foodstuffs; fish, meats, milk, eggs and their preparations were determined and compared with the values in the literature.
Sodium contents were found to be 50 to 100mg per 100g in most of the samples, though the values greater than 100mg per 100g were also found in severalcases.
Potassium contents were mostly 200 to 300mg per 100g. The values were slightly lower in eggs and milk, and were definitely lower in their preparations possibly due to the loss during the processings.
Calcium contents were relatively higher in small fish, shellfish, egg yolk, milk and their preparations, while they were under 20mg per 100g in other fish.
Most of the sodium values were not in agreement with those found in the literature. The values given in the literature varied greatly according to the authors. The results on meats and eggs found by the authors were consistent with the values of Sherman. The values for potassium did not always coincide with the values in the conventional food composition tables, but those for calcium were fairly in agreement.

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Contents of sodium, potassium and calcium in vegetable foods (cereals, pulses, potatoes, fruits, vegetables and their preparations) were measured and compared with the values found in conventional food composition tables.
Except for some vegetables and seaweeds the sodium contents were found to be smaller than l0mg per 100g, excluding the preparations to which sodium chloride had been added. They were generally lower than those in animal foodstuffs.
The contents of potassium varied widely among the foods. Generally, they were more than 1000mg per 100g in seaweeds. They were the highest values in this experiment, followed by the values for potatoes, 400 to 500mg per 100g. They were relatively low in most of the cereals, fruits and vegetables, 100 to 200mg per 100g.
Generally, the calcium contents were higher than in animal foods, mostly over 30mg per 100g in most of the vegetable foods. Some pulses and seaweeds were found to contain over 100mg per 100g.
Compared with the values given in conventional food composition tables, sodium contents coincided fairly with those of Sherman but they were generally lower than those given in The Tables of Food Composition in Japan, edited by Kokumin Eiyo Shinkokai in he National Institute of Nutrition. Potassium and calcium contents coincided fairly well with those given in the conventional tables.

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Self-selections of starch, olive oil, casein, cod-liver oil and dry yeast in the albino rats were observed.
Summarizing results obtained in the present experiment, individual differences among feeding patterns of rats were noted but periodical fluctuations were small within individual rats.
These findings seem to show the feeding habit, but rather they look like the outcomes of preferences of the individual subjects. Discussing the results as to inter-nutrients relations, each subject ingested 11-61% of carbohydrate, 10-31% of fat, 14-45% of protein, 0-2.4% of cod-liver oil and 1.3-4.2% of dry yeast in relation to total ingestion.
So that the ratio of ingestion in the present result fairly corresponds to the standard diet of rats. Therefore, it may not be conceivable that the deficiencies of nutrients are elicited by the self-selections of diets.
However, further investigations are necessary to confirm whether the present feeding patterns coincide with physiological needs of animals and then hygienically reasonable for each animal or not.

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In the self-selections of inorganic salts, selection patterns varied markedly individually as were found in organic nutrients.
A constant selection pattern was not found in the mean selections of the rats throughout the experiment, and then individual differences were noted.
However, mean selection of 5 days of individual animal showed that each animal maintained a constant selection in the individual manner throughout the experiment.
Larger fluctuations were observed among animals in th selections of inorganic salts as compared with those of organic nutrients.

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Experimental diets of polished rice powder supplemented respectively with gelatin 18%(RGel), gluten 18%(RG), casein 18%(RC), and gelatin 6%+gluten 6%+casein 6%(RGelGC) were given to rats. The body weight increase in RGelGC group was the most excellent. The increase in RGel group was inferio r to group fed with polished rice diet alone. There were no improving effect in mixed feeding with gelatin. The serum cholesterol levels in each group fed with various protein source remained unchanged with one exception of decrease in RC group. There were no correlations between cholesterol level and body weight increase. The amount of liver fat was higher in groups fed with wheat flour or mixed diet with powde red rice and gluten, and lower in the group fed with polished rice only.

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The author has formerly observed that in the case of frying whale meat, the frying-oil was colored dark by substances oozed out from whale meat, for instance, protein, pyrol substance and iron owing to the decomposition of blood, etc.
In this paper, the stability of frying-oil was tested in varying degree of frying, and it was found that the mixing ratio of four components, i. e. protein, iron, pyrol and whale oil, seriously affected on the stability of oil. A model test on its stability was conducted.

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Two species of rice, “Uruchi and Mochi” harvested in 1958 and 1959respectively, were analyzed for ⁹⁰Sr (μμc/kg, SrU=⁹⁰Srμμc/g Ca). The brown rice was divided into white rice and 5 fractions of the rice bran in course of cleaning time. Rice straw and seed coat of these rice plant harvested in 1959 were also subjected to analysis.
Results were as follows.
1) In all fractions of the rice bran ⁹⁰Sr concentration, which decreased toward the inner fraction, were higher than that of white rice. This tendency was observed not to be changed, although the amounts of ⁹⁰Sr in these fractions of rice bran were influ-enced by environmental conditions such as ⁹⁰Sr conentration in the atmosphere and growingd status.
2) ⁹⁰Sr was observed to be present in higher amounts in rice straw and seed coat than in the brown rice.
3) When the brown rice was polished enough to be used for food, the ⁹⁰Sr in the white rice decreased. However, much attention and further study should be needed to decontaminate ⁹⁰Sr in rice bran and rice straw for using it as cattle feed.

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Toxic symptoms caused by the putrid Matsutake mushrooms were quite similar to those by the reference amines.
The lethal quantity of phenylethylamine alone was MLD 264mg/kg. However, once mixed with 285mg/kg of histamine, 85mg/kg of phenylethylamine was already lethal.
A MLD curve was drawn on the varying rate of histamine and phenylethylamine. The MLD of the putrid Matsutake mushrooms came very close to it.
Histamine and phenylethylamine appearing in the early stage of putrefaction seemed to work multitudiously cause toxic symptoms on rats closely similar to those by allergic food poisoning.

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The effects of several compounds on the transportrate of radioactive phosphorus ³²P in rats had been previously reported by using the perfusion technique. In this report, the relationship between the changes in ³²P absorption rate across peritoneum into blood and the daily changes in histological examinations after operation is discussed. Two groups of rats, were used in the experiment, the one having a defect of 2cm² on peritoneum and the other being sutured with “Tetoron Mesh” for the defect.
The results obtained were as follows.
1. The transport rate of ³²P across peritoneum into blood decreased with the gradually developing fibrination found in the tissue of the defected peritoneum of rat.
2. ³²P absorption rate in case of being suturedwas larger than that in case of being simply defected throughout the period following the operation.
3. The period of maximal absorption of ³²P in case of being sutured with “Tetoron Mesh” appeared on the 1st to 3rd weeks following the operation, while it appeared on the 1st week in case of being simply defected.

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From six consecutive 5 day dietary surveys in every two months, that is, dietary survey of total 30 days through a year on eight healthy and normal children, two to four years of age, the following results have been obtained.
1) No appreciable differences due to the sex in the intakes of calorie, protein, fat and carbohydrate either in total or perkilogram of body weight of these children have been observed, so far within this age range.
2) Coefficients of variation in intakes of calorie protein and fat have been 19.6 to 40.0, 26.2 to 69.0 and 24.2 to 51.4%, respectively.
3) Negative correlation coefficients were obtained between body weight and perkilogram intakes of protein and between body weight and perkilogram fat intake.
4) Positive correlation coefficients between intakes of protein and fat, and between intakes of calorie and carbohydrate were obtained, however, there was a negative correlation between intakes of carbohydrate and fat.
5) Fat and calories distributed more heavily in breakfast, but supper contained more protein than other meals. Snacks provided 20.0-28.0% of total calories.
6) No special relationships between the growth in weight and height and the total intakes of calorie, fat and carbohydrate were observed.
7) Intakes of calories and carbohydrate stood in the negative correlation coefficients with I. Q., although further study is needed regarding this point.

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Investigations were made of vitamin composition as to human milk taken from suckling mothers in Sapporo, Tokyo and Osaka classified by lactation period and season. In parallel with the above, vitamin dosage tests were also undertaken.
1) Regarding the seasonal variation, carotenoids and ascorbic acid were high in winter, although only negligibles differences were seen in vitamin A and thiamine concentration.
2) Lactation period did not give any drastic change upon vitamin composition of human milk between 1 to 7 months after delivery, neverthless vitamin A and ascorbic acid showed a decreasing tendency with the advance of lactation period.
3) Vitamin A and ascorbic acid composition were highest in Tokyo. Remarkably higher values were obtained in up-town district, comparing with down-town district. Vitamin composition in human milk seemed to be deeply concerning with a limentary state of mothers.
4) Vitamin A and fat as well as carotenoids were in a positive correlation.
5) Carotenoids composition in human milk was complicated, amongst which lutein and lycopine manifested comparatively high value in comparison with cow milk.
6) About 20% of the suckling mothers were taking vitamin tonics and their milk contained 20μg% of thiamine which amouned to twice as high as the total average. Moreover, in thedosage test of vitamin A, carotene and ascorbic acid, their milk indicated an increase of 40% vitamin A and of 50% ascorbic acid, respectively. In spite of this, no tangible effect was found with carotene.
7) Despite of the high doses of multi-vitamins, the increase in their yield inmother's milk was lower than 5 %.
8) The gross mean values for vitamins were; vitamin A 152 I. U., carotenoids 20.9 μg, thiamine 9.4μg, riboflavin 36μg and ascorbic acid 6.6mg. Every values except for ascorbic acid were lower than those reported in United States.

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